salivary glands
![card image](../uploads/500/89/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012283.png)
produce saliva; also helps break down carbohydrates (with salivary amylase; and lubricates the passage of food down from the oro-pharynx to the esophagus to the stomach.
parotid gland
![card image](../uploads/500/89/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012283.png)
biggest producer of saliva;
parotid duct
![card image](../uploads/501/90/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012291.jpg)
saliva travels through the gland into here
submandibular gland
salivary gland ; less fatty than parotid
opening to nasopharynx
![card image](../uploads/502/91/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012289.jpg)
h allows a person to breathe through the nose.
hard/ soft pallete
The soft palate is moveable; closing off the nasal passages during the act of swallowing, and also for closing off the airway.
hard: help facilitate the movement of food backwards towards the larynx
auditory (eustachian tubes)
![card image](../uploads/503/92/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012295.jpg)
is to ventilate the middle ear space, ensuring that its pressure remains at near normal environmental air pressure
esophagus
![card image](../uploads/504/93/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012299.jpg)
connects the pharynx (throat) to the stomach; functions as the conduit for food and liquids that have been swallowed into the pharynx to reach the stomach.
larynx
![card image](../uploads/504/93/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012299.jpg)
houses the vocal folds, and manipulates pitch and volume, which is essential for phonation
thymus
![card image](../uploads/505/94/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012301.jpg)
development of T-lymphocytes or T cells
trachea
![card image](../uploads/506/95/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012303.jpg)
the vital function of providing air flow to and from the lungs for respiration.
glottis
![card image](../uploads/507/96/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012307.jpg)
Sound production
thyroid
![card image](../uploads/505/94/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012301.jpg)
hormones;Thyroid cells are the only cells in the body which can absorb iodine.
diaphragm
![card image](../uploads/508/97/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012309.jpg)
is the primary muscle used in the process of inspiration, or inhalation
lungs
![card image](../uploads/509/98/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012313.jpg)
breathing bitch!
o2 --> co2
peritoneum- parietal / visceral
![card image](../uploads/556/46/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012411.jpg)
is that portion that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities.
pleura - parietal / visceral
![card image](../uploads/557/47/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012413.jpg)
P: lines pleural cavity
v: covers surface of the lungs
bronchi
![card image](../uploads/558/48/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012415.jpg)
are the main passageway into the lungs
liver
![card image](../uploads/559/49/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012417.jpg)
making proteins and blood clotting factors, manufacturing triglycerides and cholesterol, glycogen synthesis, and bile production.
spleen
![card image](../uploads/560/50/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012419.jpg)
It acts as a filter for blood as part of the immune system.
duodenum
![card image](../uploads/559/49/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012417.jpg)
plays a vital role in the chemical digestion of chyme in preparation for absorption in the small intestine.
jejunum
![card image](../uploads/561/51/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012421.jpg)
Most of the nutrients present in food are absorbed by the jejunum before being passed on to the ileum for further absorption.
ileum
![card image](../uploads/561/51/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012421.jpg)
is mainly to absorb whatever products of digestion were not absorbed by the jejunum.
pancreas
![card image](../uploads/559/49/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012417.jpg)
an exocrine function that helps in digestion and an endocrine function that regulates blood sugar.
gall bladder
![card image](../uploads/559/49/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012417.jpg)
is to store and concentrate bile, a yellow-brown digestive enzyme produced by the liver
common bile duct
![card image](../uploads/562/52/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012423.jpg)
carry bile from thegallbladder and empty it into the upper part of the small intestine
cystic duct
![card image](../uploads/563/53/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012425.jpg)
It then joins the common bile duct, which meets pancreatic duct before it empties into the duodenum
hepatic duct
![card image](../uploads/564/54/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012427.jpg)
drains bile from the liver
colon - all parts
![card image](../uploads/565/55/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012429.jpg)
reabsorb fluids and process waste products from the body and prepare for its elimination
caecum
![card image](../uploads/566/56/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012431.png)
absorb fluids and salts that remain after completion of intestinal digestion
rectum
![card image](../uploads/567/57/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012433.gif)
acts as a temporary storage site for feces
anus
![card image](../uploads/568/58/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012435.png)
is the last part of the digestive tract. is specialized to detect rectal contents. It lets you know whether the contents are liquid, gas, or solid.
large intestine
![card image](../uploads/569/59/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012437.jpg)
is to absorb water from the remaining indigestible food matter and transmit the useless waste material from the body
small intestine
![card image](../uploads/569/59/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012437.jpg)
where 90% of the digestion and absorption of food occurs, the other 10% taking place in the stomach and large intestine.
stomach - all parts
![card image](../uploads/565/55/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012429.jpg)
secretes acid and enzymes that digest food. Ridges of muscle tissue called rugae line thestomach. The stomach muscles contract periodically, churning food to enhance digestion. The pyloric sphincter is a muscular valve that opens to allow food to pass from the stomach to the small intestine
ileo- cecal valve
![card image](../uploads/570/60/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012439.jpg)
limit the reflux of colonic contents into the ileum
pancreatic duct
![card image](../uploads/571/61/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012441.jpg)
supply pancreatic juice provided from the exocrine pancreas which aids in digestion
pyloric sphincter
![card image](../uploads/572/62/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012443.jpg)
acts as a valve to controls the flow of partially digested food from the stomach to the small intestine
mesentery
![card image](../uploads/573/63/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012445.jpg)
attaches your intestines to the wall of your abdomen and holds them in place
anterior (superior, cephalic) vena cava
![card image](../uploads/574/64/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00012447.jpg)
s- brings deox blood from body to heart. veins from head feed into it... then will empty into right atrium of heart
posterior (inferior, caudial) vena cava
![card image](../uploads/929/23/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00013464.png)
carries deox blood from lower body to heart
subclavian artery and vein
![card image](../uploads/930/24/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00013466.jpg)
empty blood from the upper extremities and then carry it back to the heart
internal thoracic artery and vein
![card image](../uploads/931/25/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00013468.png)
is an artery that supplies the anterior chest wall and the breasts
brachiocephalic artery
![card image](../uploads/932/26/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00013470.png)
supplies oxygenated blood to the head, neck and arm regions of the body.
coeliac artery
![card image](../uploads/933/27/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00013474.jpg)
supplies oxygenated blood to the liver, stomach, abdominal esophagus, spleen and the superior half of both the duodenum and the pancreas.
mesenteric artery
![card image](../uploads/933/27/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00013474.jpg)
major blood vessel in the digestive system
genital arteries
supplies ox blood to genitals/ bladder region
external iliac artery
![card image](../uploads/932/26/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00013470.png)
provides the main blood supply to the legs
common iliac vein
![card image](../uploads/932/26/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00013470.png)
They drain blood from the pelvis and lower limbs.
hepatic portal vein
![card image](../uploads/934/28/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00013476.jpg)
is a blood vessel that carries blood from the gastrointestinal tract, gallbladder, pancreas and spleen to the liver
ductus venosus
![card image](../uploads/935/29/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00013480.png)
it allows oxygenated blood from the placenta to bypass the liver
ductus arteriosus
![card image](../uploads/936/30/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00013482.jpg)
It allows most of the blood from the right ventricle to bypass the fetus's fluid-filled non-functioning lungs.
jugular (external and internal)
![card image](../uploads/937/31/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00013484.jpg)
e-receives the greater part of the blood from the exterior of the craniumand the deep parts of the face
i-collects blood from the brain and the superficial parts of the face and neck
carotid (common, external, internal, and carotid body)
![card image](../uploads/932/26/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00013470.png)
These arteries transfer blood to the structures inside and outside of the skull.
brachial vien
![card image](../uploads/938/32/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00013490.jpg)
blood to bicep/tricep area
renal artery and vein
![card image](../uploads/939/33/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00013488.png)
a-carries oxygenated blood to your kidneys.
v-drain oxygen-depleted blood from the kidneys
umbilical arteries and vein
![card image](../uploads/940/34/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00013492.jpg)
The umbilical vein carries oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from the placenta to the fetus, and the umbilical arteries carry deoxygenated, nutrient-depleted blood from the fetus to the placenta
aorta (arch and dorsal)
![card image](../uploads/941/35/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00013494.jpg)
a-distributes blood from the left ventricle of the heart to the rest of the body
d-give branches to the yolk-sac, and are continued backward through the body-stalk as the umbilical arteries to the villi of the chorion
hemiazygos vein
![card image](../uploads/942/36/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00013496.png)
is a veinrunning superiorly in the lower thoracic region
scattered lymph nodes
![card image](../uploads/569/71/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015505.gif)
It is involved in protecting the body against infection, by delivering immune cells, known as lymphocytes
pulmonary arteries and veins
![card image](../uploads/569/71/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015505.gif)
a- carries blood from right ventircle to lungs
coronary arteries and veins
![card image](../uploads/570/72/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015513.jpg)
supply blood to/away the heart muscle
right and left auricles (atria)
![card image](../uploads/571/73/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015515.jpg)
is the chamber where incoming blood from the major vein of the circulatory system (vena cava) brings deoxygenated blood into the heart. The right atrium (auricle) receives the blood and pushes it into the the right ventricle, which then transports the blood to the lungs for oxygenation.
l-collect this blood and pump it to the left ventricle, which in turn pumps the blood to the body's tissues
right and left ventricles
![card image](../uploads/571/73/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015515.jpg)
r- responsible for pumping deox blood to lungs
l- recieves ox blood from left atrium
pericardium- parietal and visceral
![card image](../uploads/572/74/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015517.png)
Both of these layers function in lubricating the heart to prevent friction during heart activity
ovaries
![card image](../uploads/573/75/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015519.jpg)
They produce oocytes (eggs) for fertilisation and they produce the reproductive hormones, oestrogen and progesterone.
uterine (fallopian tubes) aka oviducts
![card image](../uploads/573/75/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015519.jpg)
is the tube that links the ovary to the uterus and which the ovulated oocyte travels down to become fertilised by sperm present in the female tract
uterus (horns and body)
![card image](../uploads/573/75/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015519.jpg)
They are one of the points of attachment for the round ligament of uterus
cervix
![card image](../uploads/574/76/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015521.png)
allow flow of menstrual blood from the uterus into the vagina, and direct the sperms into the uterus during intercourse
vagina
![card image](../uploads/575/77/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015523.jpg)
receives the penis during sexual intercourse and also serves as a conduit for menstrual flow from the uterus. During childbirth, the baby passes through the vagina
urogenital sinus
![card image](../uploads/575/77/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015523.jpg)
he ventral part of the cloaca after its separation from the rectum, giving rise to the lower part of the bladder in both sexes, to the prostatic portion of the male urethra, and to the urethra and vestibule in the female.
urogenital papilla
![card image](../uploads/576/78/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015525.jpg)
covers the opening of the vagina.
testes
![card image](../uploads/577/79/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015527.jpg)
are the male gonads — the primary male reproductive organs.
scrotal sac
![card image](../uploads/578/80/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015529.jpg)
It contains the testicles (also called testes), as well as many nerves and blood vessels. The scrotum has a protective function and acts as a climate control system for the testes.
gubernaculum
![card image](../uploads/579/81/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015531.jpg)
aids in the descent of the gonads (both testes and ovaries).
epididymis
![card image](../uploads/580/82/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015533.png)
carries sperm from the testes to the ductus deferens in the male reproductive system
vas (ductus) deferens
![card image](../uploads/581/83/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015535.jpg)
their purpose is to carry ejaculatory sperm out of the epididymis. To do this
inguinal canal
![card image](../uploads/580/82/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015533.png)
Function. The structures which pass through the canals differ between males and females: in males: the spermatic cord and its coverings + the ilioinguinal nerve. in females: the round ligament of the uterus + the ilioinguinal nerve.
prostate gland
![card image](../uploads/582/84/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015537.jpg)
The prostate secretes fluid that nourishes and protects sperm
seminal vesicles
![card image](../uploads/583/85/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015539.png)
Semen combines fluid elements from the epididymis, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and vas deferens.
bulbo- urethral glands
![card image](../uploads/584/86/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015541.jpg)
makes the precum
penis
![card image](../uploads/584/86/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015541.jpg)
fuckinggggg
urinary bladder
![card image](../uploads/584/86/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015541.jpg)
stores urine
kidneys
![card image](../uploads/577/79/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015527.jpg)
filtration
ureters
![card image](../uploads/577/79/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015527.jpg)
is a tube that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder
urethra
![card image](../uploads/575/77/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015523.jpg)
The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to outside of the body
adrenal gland
![card image](../uploads/585/87/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015543.jpg)
Located at the top of each kidney, the adrenal glands produce hormones that help the body control blood sugar, burn protein and fat, react to stressors like a major illness or injury, and regulate blood pressure.
head
![card image](../uploads/586/88/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015549.png)
nose
![card image](../uploads/586/88/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015549.png)
tongue
![card image](../uploads/587/89/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015553.png)
external ear
![card image](../uploads/586/88/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015549.png)
eye with lids
![card image](../uploads/586/88/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015549.png)
vestigal nictitating membrane
![card image](../uploads/586/88/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015549.png)
that protects and moisten the eye without losing visibility.
cervical region
![card image](../uploads/588/90/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015547.jpg)
thoracic region
![card image](../uploads/589/91/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015551.jpg)
lumbar region
![card image](../uploads/588/90/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015547.jpg)
sacral region
![card image](../uploads/589/91/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015551.jpg)
caudal region
![card image](../uploads/590/92/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015545.jpg)
umbilical cord region
![card image](../uploads/590/92/_1ab14c46_1620239ffb9__8000_00015545.jpg)