A&P 2 Heart Flashcards

Complete the following statement explaining the scheme of circulation of blood in the human body.
Right atrium through the tricuspid valve to the____________ , through the_________ valve to the
pulmonary trunk, to the ______________ to the capillary beds of the lungs, to the _____________ to the
____________ of the heart, through the __________ valve to the_____________ through
the___________ valve to the______________ , to the systemic arteries, to the _____________ of the
tissues, to the systemic veins, to the ___________________ ________________and ___________
entering the right atrium of the heart

What is the function of the fluid that fills the pericardial sac?

The first heart sound is heard when the ______ valves close?

List the correct sequence of parts that carry cardiac impulses from SA node to Purkinje fibers?

What is the function of the valves found in the heart?

What is the role of the chordae tendineae?

The pulmonary circuit sends ____________ blood to the lungs?

Deoxygenated blood is pumped by the right ventricle to lung via ___________ circuit?

The heart wall is composed of ________ layers of tissue?

Name the layers of heart wall?

If the mitral valve does not close properly, which circulation is affected?

Why might a thrombus (blood clot) in the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery cause sudden death?

Describe the unique anatomical features of cardiac muscle. What role does the unique structure of cardiac muscle play in its function?

When the ventricular walls contract, which heart valves close?

Even though cardiac muscle has an inherent ability to beat, the nodal system plays a critical role in heart physiology. What is that role?

The valve located between right atrium and right ventricle is the ….valve?

Define the following terms: tachycardia; bradycardia; fibrillation?

The aortic and pulmonary valves opens when the ventricles_____?

Which would be more serious, atrial or ventricular fibrillation? Why?

Of the following layers of the heart wall, which consumes the most energy: Epicardium; Myocardium; Endocardium? Why?

The right atrium receives blood directly from______________?

What purpose does the coronary circuit serve?

1. The following are various components of the conducting system of the heart. Use the key terms to correct the sequence in which an action potential would move through this system. Key: Purkinje fibers, AV bundle, AV node, SA node, bundle branches.

1. A heart murmur would be detected when blood is heard flowing from the ________ to the __________ through the ___________?

1. The plateau portion of the action potential in contractile cardiac muscle cells is due to?

1. An abnormally slow heart rate is termed?

1. The stimulus for the heart’s rhythmic contractions comes from _________?

Aortic semilunar valve-permits one-way blood flow from the _________to the________?

The function of an atrium is to ________?

In a normal heart, which of the following structures is responsible for setting the heart’s pace? Bicuspid valve is also called________valve?

The pacemaker cells of the heart are located in the?

Depolarization of ventricles is represented by which waves in EKG (ECG)?

The “lub-dup” heart sounds are produced by?

The left and right pulmonary arteries carry blood to the?

Abnormally high heart rate is termed?

Mitral valve-permits one-way blood flow from the _________to the________?

In terms of blood flow, why is it important that atrial diastole occurs just as ventricular systole begins?

The myocardium is primarily composed of ________ tissue?

Cardiac output is determined by________ and _________?

The heart is roughly the size of ________?

What is stroke volume?

What is rate?

Depolarization of the atria corresponds directly to the EKG's?

The inner lining of the heart is called?

The pain of angina pectoris comes from a blockage in an artery that supplies the?

Your heart seems to “pound” after you hear a sudden, loud noise. This increased contractility is due to?

In cardiac muscle, the depolarization phase of the action potential is the result of increased membrane permeability to?

What is the nature of acetylcholine’s inhibitory effect on heart rate?

Which of the following layers of the heart wall contracts and this contraction force blood out of the heart?

Which of the following layers of the heart wall is a protective inner lining of the heart chambers and valves?

Why is high blood pressure damaging to the heart?

The T wave on an ECG tracing represents?

Cardiac muscle tissue is found in which layer of the heart wall?

Follow a drop of blood from the vena cava to the lungs and then back from the lungs to the heart and then from the heart to the cells and back to the heart. Use the following key:

• Left Atrium
• pulmonary vein
• mitral (bicuspid) valve
• right atrium
• aorta, tricuspid valve
• left ventricle, lungs
• vena cava
• aortic semilunar valve
• right ventricle
• pulmonary semilunar valve
• pulmonary artery.

Name the valve that is found between the left atrium and the left ventricle?

Blood is carried to the heart by which vessels? Arteries or Veins?

The heart is innervated by ________ nerves?

Blood is carried away from the heart by which vessels? Arteries or Veins?

The ________ ventricle has a greater workload than the ________ventricle? Why?

In cardiac muscle, the plateau phase of the action potential is the result of?

All oxygenated blood returns to the heart via which vein?

Depolarization of atria is represented by which waves in EKG (ECK)?

Blood being pumped out of the left ventricle enters the….?

Blood returning to the heart from the systemic circuit first enters the?

Blood is prevented from flowing back into the left ventricle by the…?

Which area of the heart is known as the pacemaker of the heart?

The right ventricle pumps blood to which organ?

Atrial repolarization occurs during which period of time, seen on an EKG? Hint: remember that repolarization of atrium should occur at the same time as depolarization of ventricles

Contractions of the papillary muscles prevent the _____valves from reversing into the atria?

The lub-dup heart sounds heard during auscultation of the heart are associated with……?

1. When all four heart valves are closed, it is termed as …………………contraction?

The atrioventricular valve on the side of the heart that receives the superior vena cava is the ________ valve?

The amount of blood pumped out of each ventricle in one minute is called?

Abnormalities of heart valves can be detected more accurately by auscultation than by electrocardiography. Why is this so?

1. Define ECG?

Draw an ECG wave form representing one heartbeat. Label the P, QRS, and T waves; the P-R interval; the S-T segment; and the Q–T interval?

The volume of blood ejected from each ventricle during a contraction is called the?

When the semilunar valves close, the AV valves ________?

Describe what happens in the cardiac cycle in the following situations:

1. immediately before the P wave?
2. during the P wave?
3. immediately after the P wave (P-R segment)?
4. during the QRS wave?
5. immediately after the QRS wave (S-T interval)?
6. during the T wave?

Why does heart rate increase during running?

List the elements of the intrinsic conduction system in order, starting from the SA node?

1. At what structure in the transmission sequence is the impulse temporarily delayed? Why?

Differentiate clearly between the roles of the pulmonary and systemic circulations?

Depolarization of the ventricles is represented on an electrocardiogram by the?

Use the key and match them to the correct descriptions provided below. Key: ventricles, coronary sinus , epicardium, atria, Mediastinum, myocardium

1. location of the heart in the thorax?
2. superior heart chambers?
3. inferior heart chambers?
4. visceral pericardium?
5. equals cardiac muscle?
6. actual “pumps” of the heart?
7. drains blood into the right atrium?

An anterior view of the heart is shown here. Use the key (1 to 24)and label the diagram bellow.