Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function: Chapter 27 The Male Reproductive System Flashcards


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1

The main goal of meiosis is to

produce cells with one copy of each type of chromosome

2

In mitosis, each parent cell produces ______ daughter cells, while in meiosis, _____ daughter cells are produced

2, 4

3

The head of the sperm is comprised of what three components?

acrosome

nucleus

flagellar basal body

4

Infertility is defined as

the inability to fertilize an egg

5

Name the term for the process of sperm production

spermatogenesis

6

Human gametes (sperm and ova) are produced via the type of cell division called

meiosis

7

The fluid expelled (ejaculated) during male orgasm is called ______

semen

8

List the events that occur during spermiogenesis

growth of flagellum

loss of excess ctytoplasm

9

A mature sperm cell is also known as a ______

spermatozoon

10

When somatic cells are diploid, gametes are ________; they have one copy of each type of chromosome

haploid

11

Name the type of stem cell that produces cells which, in turn, enter meiosis

spermatogonium

12

Following the process of _____, daughter cells are produced that are genetically distinct from each other

meiosis

13

Meiosis I of spermatogenesis gives rise to two equal-size, haploid and genetically unique ______ spermatocytes

secondary

14

During prophase I homologous chromosomes exchange segments of DNA in a process called ______ _______

crossing over

15

Describe the morphology of a mature spermatozoon

pear-shaped with a long tail

16

The modified lysosome within the spermatozoon that contains enzymes needed to penetrate the egg is called the ______

acrosome

17

Mitochondria are located in the _____ of the sperm

midpiece

18

A typical ejaculation results in the discharge of 2 to 5 mL of the fluid called ________

semen

19

In prophase I of meiosis, each pair of homologous chromosomes line up side by side and form a _______

tetrad

20

As part of the secretion of the prostate, the compound _____ breaks down seminogelin, liquifying the semen

serine protease (PSA)

21

Two requirements must be met for sperm motility: ______, and an energy source (ATP)

elevated pH

22

A healthy, post-pubescent, young man can produce about _____ sperm per day

400 million

23

Each secondary spermatocytes undergo meiosis II, dividing into two

spermatids

24

The earliest stem cells specifically destined to become spermatogonia are called

primordial germ cells