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Chapter 27 The Male Reproductive System

front 1

The main goal of meiosis is to

back 1

produce cells with one copy of each type of chromosome

front 2

In mitosis, each parent cell produces ______ daughter cells, while in meiosis, _____ daughter cells are produced

back 2

2, 4

front 3

The head of the sperm is comprised of what three components?

back 3

acrosome

nucleus

flagellar basal body

front 4

Infertility is defined as

back 4

the inability to fertilize an egg

front 5

Name the term for the process of sperm production

back 5

spermatogenesis

front 6

Human gametes (sperm and ova) are produced via the type of cell division called

back 6

meiosis

front 7

The fluid expelled (ejaculated) during male orgasm is called ______

back 7

semen

front 8

List the events that occur during spermiogenesis

back 8

growth of flagellum

loss of excess ctytoplasm

front 9

A mature sperm cell is also known as a ______

back 9

spermatozoon

front 10

When somatic cells are diploid, gametes are ________; they have one copy of each type of chromosome

back 10

haploid

front 11

Name the type of stem cell that produces cells which, in turn, enter meiosis

back 11

spermatogonium

front 12

Following the process of _____, daughter cells are produced that are genetically distinct from each other

back 12

meiosis

front 13

Meiosis I of spermatogenesis gives rise to two equal-size, haploid and genetically unique ______ spermatocytes

back 13

secondary

front 14

During prophase I homologous chromosomes exchange segments of DNA in a process called ______ _______

back 14

crossing over

front 15

Describe the morphology of a mature spermatozoon

back 15

pear-shaped with a long tail

front 16

The modified lysosome within the spermatozoon that contains enzymes needed to penetrate the egg is called the ______

back 16

acrosome

front 17

Mitochondria are located in the _____ of the sperm

back 17

midpiece

front 18

A typical ejaculation results in the discharge of 2 to 5 mL of the fluid called ________

back 18

semen

front 19

In prophase I of meiosis, each pair of homologous chromosomes line up side by side and form a _______

back 19

tetrad

front 20

As part of the secretion of the prostate, the compound _____ breaks down seminogelin, liquifying the semen

back 20

serine protease (PSA)

front 21

Two requirements must be met for sperm motility: ______, and an energy source (ATP)

back 21

elevated pH

front 22

A healthy, post-pubescent, young man can produce about _____ sperm per day

back 22

400 million

front 23

Each secondary spermatocytes undergo meiosis II, dividing into two

back 23

spermatids

front 24

The earliest stem cells specifically destined to become spermatogonia are called

back 24

primordial germ cells