Campbell Biology 10th Edition: Chapter 14 Flashcards


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1

A feature that can be inherited, and shows variation between individuals.

Character

2

Each version of a character

Trait

3

Example of a character

Flower color

4

Example of a trait

White flower color

5

Characters have what type of locus?

Single gene

6

Organisms that through self-fertilization always produces offspring with the same trait of interest.

True Breeding

7

The cross-pollination of two true breeding organisms.

Hybridize

8

True breeding parents are hybridized.

Parental Generation (P)

9

The hybrid offspring of the parental generation who self-pollinate.

Fist Filial Generation (F1)

10

The offspring from F1 self-fertilized plants.

Second Filial Generation (F2)

11

What generation produces only purple flower plants?

F1

12

_________ flower plants were being generated from _______ flower plants.

White, Purple

13

What generation produces white flower plants?

F2

14

Version of a gene

Allele

15

What are traits determined by?

Two Alleles

16

Determines organisms appearance

Dominant Allele

17

Has a noticeable influence on organisms appearance.

Recessive Allele

18

The hybrid offspring receives ____ allele from the purple flower and ____ allele from the white flower.

one, one

19

The observable trait of an organism

Phenotype

20

The genetic makeup of an organism

Genotype

21

Two different alleles for the same gene.

Heterozygous

22

Two of the same allele for a gene.

Homozygous

23

Two alleles for a given character separates during gamete formation, and go into different gametes.

Law of Segregation

24

What does it mean if a gene has AA or aa?

It is homozygous

25

What does it mean if a gene is Aa or aA?

It is heterozygous

26

The lower case a represents?

The recessive gene

27

The upper case A represents?

The dominant gene

28

What determines the phenotype?

The dominant gene

29

When gametes and offsprings are crossed it produces?

Prodigy

30

Physical location on a chromosome where a gene is located.

Locus

31

Crossing true-breeding parents (homozygotes) differing in two characters produces produces?

Dihybrids