Campbell Biology 10th Edition: Biology Exam 1 Flashcards


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1

Complex carbohydrate found in potatoes

Starch

2

The structural component of tick exoskeletons

Chitin

3

A monosaccharide that is a very important source of energy

Glucose

4

Storage form of glucose found in animal livers

Glycogen

5

A disaccharide of plant cell walls

Cellulose

6

The sugar found in beer

Maltose

7

A monosaccharide isomer of glucose

Fructose

8

Formed from the dehydration of glucose and fructose

Sucrose

9

Atom

Smallest unit of matter

10

Cell

Basic unit of life

11

Taxonomic Categories

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

12

Scientific Method

Observation, Question, Hypothesis, Experiment, Conclusion, Theory, Law

13

Atomic Number

Number of protons present in an element

14

Atomic Weight

Sum of protons and neutrons

15

Ionic Bond

Bond formed when an atom donates an electron to another atom

16

Non-polar Covalent Bonds

Equal sharing of electrons

17

Polar Covalent Bonds

Unequal sharing of electrons

18

Hydrogen Bond

Bond formed when a Hydrogen atom already covalently bonded to a negative atom is attracted to another negative atom

19

High Specific Heat

Amount of heat needed to raise one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius

20

High Heat of Vaporization

Amount of heat needed to convert one gram of liquid to a gas

21

High Heat of Fusion

Amount of energy needed to freeze water

22

Cohesion

Water sticks to water molecules (Horizontal)

23

Adhesion

Water sticks to water molecules (Vertical)

24

Acid

Substance that releases Hydrogen Ions in solution

25

Basic (Alkaline)

Substance that releases Hydroxide Ions in solution

26

Salt

Substance that releases cations and ions in solution

27

Enantiomer

Mirror image isomer

28

Polymers

Large organic molecules formed by binding many monomers together

29

Carbohydrates

Contain elements C,H,O and are used for quick energy

30

Monosaccharides

Glucose, Fructose, Ribose

31

Disaccharides

Sucrose, Lactose, Maltose also have Glycosidic Linkage

32

Sucrose

Glucose + Fructose

33

Lactose

Glucose + Galactose

34

Maltose

Glucose + Glucose

35

Polysaccharides

Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose, Chitin

36

Lipids

Contain C,H,O and store six times more energy than carbs

37

Triglycerides

Glycerol plus three fatty acid chains

38

Saturated Fats

Do not have double bonds, Animal Products

39

Unsaturated Fats

Do have double bonds, Plant Products

40

Steroids

Lipid, four ring structure

41

Nucleic Acids

Contains C,H,O,N,P

42

Purines

two rings, Adenine, Guanine

43

Pyrimidines

Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil

44

Proteins

Contains C,H,O,N,S and are the building blocks of amino acids

45

Amino Acid

Central Carbon and Peptide bond

46

Primary Structure

Linear chains of Amino Acids

47

Secondary Structure

Primary chain folds on itself, Alpha Helix, Beta pleated sheet, Hydrogen bonds

48

Tertiary Structure

Globular

49

Quaternary Structure

Hemoglobin, Collagen, Aggregate of two or more tertiaries