TEST #1: ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY Flashcards

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1

WHAT ARE THE 3 STAGES OF AKI?

  1. PRERENAL
  2. INTRARENAL
  3. POSTRENAL

2

WHAT HAPPENS IN THE PRERENAL STAGE

THERE IS HYPOPERFUSION TO THE KIDNEYS THAT IS CAUSED BY:

  • HEMORRHAGE
  • DEHYDRATION
  • GI LOSS (VOMITING, DIARRHEA, NG SUCTION)
  • HEART FAILURE
  • SHOCK
  • SEPSIS

S/S:

LOW URINE OUTPUT THAT IS DILUTE (LOW SG)

INCREASED BUN/CREATININE

3

WHAT HAPPENS IN INTRARENAL STAGE

THERE IS ACTUAL KIDNEY DAMAGE THAT MAY BE CAUSED BY:

  • NEPHROTOXIC DRUGS (ACE INHIBITORS, NSAIDS, AMINOGLYCOSIDES, CONTRAST DYE)
  • NEPHRITIS
  • GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

4

WHAT HAPPENS DURING POSTRENAL STAGE

THERE IS AN OBSTRUCTION IN URINE FLOW FROM KIDNEYS THAT MAY BE CAUSED BY:

  • BPH
  • KIDNEY STONES
  • TUMORS

BUN/CREATININE WILL BE HIGH