Exam 5 Microbio Comprehensive Flashcards

Who is considered the "father of Western medicine"?

Who was the first to observe "animalcules" under the microscope?

Which of the following is a prokaryotic microorganism?

Not a subfield of microbiology?

You place a specimen under the microscope and notice that parts of the specimen begin to emit light immediately.

Microscope for small surface structures of a cell

Mordant used in gram staining?

Microscope that shines a cone of light so that light only hits the specimen indirectly, producing a light image on a dark background

Prokaryotic cell that is COMMA shaped?

Bacterial cell walls are primarily composed of which of the following?

Which of the following organelles is not part of the endomembrane system?

Uptake of small dissolved molecules into vesicles:

The term microbiota refers to which of the following?

type of interaction between two prokaryotic populations in which one population benefits and the other is not affected?

Which of the following is the organelle that spirochetes use to propel themselves?

photosynthesis performed by bacteria with the use of water as the donor of electrons?

Archaea and Bacteria are most similar in terms of their _

Molecules bearing both polar and nonpolar groups are said to be which of the following?

Proteomic analysis is a methodology that deals with which of the following?

organism that obtains its energy from the transfer of electrons originating from chemical compounds and its carbon from an inorganic source?

are organic molecules that help enzymes work correctly?

Which is the location of electron transport systems in prokaryotes?

is not an electron carrier within an electron transport system?

Which of the following is the purpose of fermentation?

Is not produced during breakdown on phospholipids?

Which is NOT part of nitrogen → nitrogen gas conversion?

Glycolysis requires oxygen or another inorganic final electron acceptor to proceed.

What is the function of the Z ring in binary fission?

If a culture starts with 50 cells, how many cells will be present after five generations with no cell death?

Quorum sensing is used by bacterial cells to determine which of the following?

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common pathogen that infects the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis. It does not grow in the absence of oxygen.

A soup container was forgotten in the refrigerator and shows contamination. The contaminants are probably which of the following?

Which of the following is the reason jams and dried meats often do not require refrigeration to prevent spoilage?

Which of the following environments would harbor psychrophiles?

EMB agar is an example of which of the following?

not found with DNA?

Which of the following statements about base pairing in DNA is incorrect?

Which of the following is not involved in the initiation of replication?

Which of the following components is involved in the initiation of transcription?

Which component is the last to join the initiation complex during the initiation of translation?

When the ribosome reaches a nonsense codon, which of the following occurs?

Which of the following refers to the uptake of naked DNA from the surrounding environment?

Which of the following refers to the mechanism of horizontal gene transfer naturally responsible for the spread of antibiotic resistance genes within a bacterial population?

All of the following are processes used to introduce DNA molecules into bacterial cells except:

The enzyme that uses RNA as a template to produce a DNA copy is called:

Which biosafety level is appropriate for research with microbes or infectious agents that pose moderate risk to laboratory workers and the community, and are typically indigenous?

Which of the following is suitable for use on tissues for microbial control to prevent infection?

Which of the following microbial control methods does not actually kill microbes or inhibit their growth but instead removes them physically from samples?

Bleach is an example of which group of chemicals used for disinfection?

The effectiveness of chemical disinfectants has historically been compared to that of which of the following?

Which type of test is used to determine whether disinfectant solutions actively used in a clinical setting are being used correctly?

Which of the following refers to a germicide that can kill vegetative cells and certain enveloped viruses but not endospores?

Which of the following routes of administration would be appropriate and convenient for home administration of an antimicrobial to treat a systemic infection?

Which of the following combinations would most likely contribute to the development of a superinfection?

Which of the following terms refers to the ability of an antimicrobial drug to harm the target microbe without harming the host?

Which of the following does not bind to the 50S ribosomal subunit?

Which of the following would be a sign of an infection?

During an oral surgery, the surgeon nicked the patient's gum with a sharp instrument and bacterial endocarditis developed. Which type of disease is this?

A communicable disease that can be easily transmitted from person to person is which type of disease?

Which of the following is a pathogen that could not be identified by the original Koch's postulates?

Which of the following would be a virulence factor of a pathogen?

Which of the following lists the steps of pathogenesis in correct order?

A new toxin is gram-negative, protein, highly toxic, heat labile, and targets liver cells. What is its classification?

Major virulence factor for Cryptococcus:

Which pathogen undergoes antigenic variation?

Transmission of disease via mosquito bite is which type?

Contaminated well from cattle pasture is which type of transmission?

Which is NOT an emerging disease?

Why focus on emerging diseases with few cases?

Bacteriocins and defensins are:

Chemical mediator secreted onto skin surface:

Complement pathway triggered by acute-phase protein binding:

White blood cells are:

White blood cells are also referred to as:

Granulocytes are which type of cell?

PAMPs are found on:

Swelling due to inflammation:

Inflammation at site of injury or infection:

The innate nonspecific immune system is:

Cellular adaptive immunity is carried out by:

Most antigenic molecules are:

A superantigen:

Cytotoxic T cells bind:

Rabies antibody injection after bite is:

Cold infection and recovery with immunity after is:

Type I hypersensitivity cells include

An immune complex is:

Which cells are primarily responsible for adaptive immunity?

Which type of lymphocyte produces antibodies?

Cell-mediated immunity is mainly carried out by:

Main feature of adaptive immunity is:

Antibodies are produced after B cells become:

Helper T cells function by:

Activating other immune cells

Memory cells are important because they:

Vaccination works mainly by stimulating:

Adaptive immunity is best described as:

The wheel under the stage that adjusts the amount of light is called the:

Prokaryotes usually have a single origin of replication, whereas eukaryotes usually have multiple origins of replication

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