morphology
the shape of an organism’s cells
culture
grow bacteria from samples to observe how grow and gross morphology
diagnostic microbiology
isolate and identify bacteria from a patient sample
normal flora
bacteria that live with us all the time
pure cultures
samples with only one type of bacteria, necessary for accurate study
Petri dish
clear plastic container used to culture bacteria
colonies
the groups bacteria grow in
agar
growth media in the Petri dish
Tryptic soy agar (TSA) is common food used for culturing bacteria. TSA provides the glucose, amino acids, vitamins, and nutrients many bacteria need to live.
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isolation streak
the process by which bacteria are streaked onto a plate to form isolated colonies
Tryptic soy agar (TSA)
common food used for culturing bacteria. TSA provides the glucose, amino acids, vitamins, and nutrients many bacteria need to live.
bacteria forms
circular, irregular (pleomorphism), filamentous, rhizoid
bacteria elevation
raised, convex, flat, umbonate, crateriform
bacteria margin
entire, undulate, filiform, curled, lobate
coccus (cocci)
sphere
bacillus (bacilli)
rod
spirillum (spirilla)
spiral
How do bacilli group?
individual cells, chains
How do cocci group?
individual cells, groups of two (diplococci), four (tetrad), eight, or form chains
How do spirilla group?
always individual cells
Gram stain
a test that differentiates bacteria into one of two groups based on their cell wall composition
What is the bacterial cells wall made of?
peptidoglycan (sugars and amino acids)
Gram positive
purple (crystal violet), peptidoglycan thick layer
Gram negative
pink (safranin), thin peptidoglycan layer, more dangerous
lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
layer outside in Gram negative bacteria peptidoglycan (can cause septic shock)
morbidity
having a disease or symptom of disease or the rate of disease in a population
mortality
# of deaths in a certain group of people in a certain period of time