brown fat
body fat used by infants to relate body temp
is surfactant produced in premature lungs
NO, it is not produced in the lungs
physiological adaptions
thermoregulation system
- -four mechanism of heat loss
- evaporation- liquids from skin
- conduction- direct skin contact with cold surface
- convection- heat taken away from body by drafts
- radiation- being near cold surface but not in direct contract with it
interventions for thermoregulation
dry, skin to skin, cover the head, monitor temp, avoid exposing, preheated radiant warmer, bathe, and drafter window
normal rate for respirations
30-60
how should a baby be positioned to help with patent airways?
a baby should be laid on their back or side
babies are NOT born with vitamin K
(true/false)
true
what does bile do to the urine?
it gives the urine color
why would you want to weigh the babies diaper ?
to measure output and be sure to weigh in grams
what is the capacity of newborns stomachs?
60-90 ml
what do you want to do in order to prevent damage to babies organs ?
make sure their eyes are covered and privates
newborns measurements: length
- head to heel
- 19-21 inches
- chest
- nipple line
- head
- above ear and eyebrows
caput succedaneum
swelling of the soft tissue of the scalp
cephalhemtoma
swelling on the head
- does not cross the sutor lines
- it develops from birth trauma that causes a rupture of blood vessels between the skull and periosteum (covering the bone)
tears are absent until what age?
1 years old
lanugo
fine hair
vernix caseosa
white protective fluid that protects skin from amniotic fluids
milia
red dots
moro
startle reflex
rooting
touching cheek, looking for food
tonic neck
when the head is turned to one side
dancing
stepping relex
smegma
a white cheesy substance found under the foreskin
what does swadding/wrapping due to the baby?
maintains temp and promotes sleep
breastfeeding- how many times do you feed a baby?
8-12 times a day
physiology of lactation - hormonal stimulation
- prolactin
- oxytocin
composition of milk
- foremilk
first milk, watery
composition of milk-
hindmilk
thicker, higher feet
signs of effective breastfeeding
- breasts
- infant swallowing
- number of wet diapers
- bowel movements
positions for breastfeeding- cradle hold
most common full term babies
postion for breastfeeding
side lying position
promotes rest useful at night reduces pressure on incision
postions for breastfeeding
-football hold
for large breast also or premies needing best for control and best for c-sections
latch on
how the newborn attaches the mouth to the breast in order to remove milk
signs of poor latch
- clicking sounds
- dimpling of the cheeks
- nipple pain
- flattened or creased nipples after feeding
- fussy or unsatisfied infant
when feeding the baby, what is the correct way to have the baby latch on?
bring baby to breast , not breast to baby
maternal nutrition
- mother needs an additional 500 calories over the non-pregnant diet
- 8-10 glasses of fluids per day
immune system
- born with passive antibodies from mom (immunoglobin G)
- active antibodies not produced until about 2 months of age
apghar score
done as soon as baby born. 1 min and 5 mins after
-score of 8 and higher indicates healthy newborn
newborns measurements
- length: head to the heel & 19-21 inches
- chest: nipple line & 12-13 inches
- head: above the ear and eyebrows & 13-14 inches
length and weight
average weight
6-9 pounds (2722 to 4802g)
- loses 5-10 body weight
- withdrawal from maternal hormones, fluid shifts, and loss of feces