Darwins theory
only the fittest organisms will adapt and survive through the process of natural selection
-only the fittest survive
sigmund freud
believed that unconscious and emotions had a strong impact on behavior
sigmund freud believed the mind was made of threee interacting structures
ID
- ID- storage site for early childhood experiences and the instinctual drives for self preservation, reproduction and the association for others
sigmund freud believed the mind was made of three interacting structures
EGO
- EGO- conscious mind, develops when the child becomes aware of themselves usually around 2 years of age (gains control over id)
sigmund freud beloved the mind was made of three interacting structures
superego
- superego- attitudes, values, role exceptions, taboo's, rules and ideas
repression
repressed memories
jean Piaget
devised a theory of intellectual or cognitive development
-personality is the result of interrelated
cognitive development:
4 stages
- sensory motor (birth-2 yrs old)
- preoperations (2-7)
- concrete (8-11yrs)
- formal operations (12-14)
Maslow
theories of personality, motivation, self-actualization, and human nature.
(hierarchy of needs)
the main goal is cognitive therapies is to replace
functional beliefs and thoughts for the purpose of causing a change in personal viewpoints
homeostasis
the tendency of the body to achieve and maintain a steady internal state
Hans Selye
described the bodies physical responses to stress and the process by which people adopt.
three stages: alarm, resistance, exhaustion
when stressors last too long, the glands fail to produce increase levels of hormones.
-death from exhaustion can occur
(T/F)
true
cognitive therapy
identifies and modifies distorted thinking patterns to improve emotions and behviors
behavioral therapy
modifies unhealthy behaviors through conditioning techniques
ex:exposure therapy or person with therapy of dogs undergos exposure therapy
cognitive behavioral therapy
combines cognitive and behavior approaches to change negative thought patterns and behaviors
ex: a person with anxiety learns relaxation techniques and reframes anxious thoughts about social situations
client centered psycho therapy
to provide a supportive enviorment where clients explores personal growth lead by their own experiences
group therapy
provides therapeutic support in a group setting
*originated in ww2, because there wasn't enough drs.
self help therapies
individuals use structured guides or groups independently
T-groups
focuses or interpersonal relationships and group dynamics for personal or professional growth
online therapies
video sessions online
psychobiology of mental health
genetics, neuro transsmitter activity, viruses,fetal development, immune system dysfunction (such as flu, herpes, Epstein bar)
goals for any therapeutic groups
- receive emotional discomfort and human misery
- cause change behavior (physiologically)
self help groups
people that have the same problem
(body) somatic therapies
ex: drug treatment therapy, electro convulsive treatment therapy, biofeedback , phototherapy, acupuncture, pharacotherapy
biofeedback example
flowers (something pretty too look at for someone with depression
health is a changing state that is influenced by genetics, behavior, and the environment
(t/f)
trueee
citizens label a person mentally ill after what?
after the ability to function independently is impaired for a period of time
seven principles of mental health carre
- do no harm
- accept each client as a whole person
- develop a mutual trust
- explore hevbors and emotions
- encourage responsibility
- encourage effective adaption
- provide consistency
trust between client and caregiver involves three concepts:
- caring
- empath
- advocacy
etcololia
echo
flight of ideas
what patients saying doesn't connect
(all over the place)
neologism
scizophrenics, coin new words and definitions (makes up own language)
ex: Zargels are good to eat
word salad
throwing in all kinds of different words
communication
the reciprocal exchange of info, beliefs, feelings, and attitudes between two persons or among a group of persons
people engage in two types of communications
- intrapersonal- self dialogue
- interpersonal- the verbal and non verbal messages that are sent and received during every interaction
characteristics of communication
five elements must be present for successful communication
- sender
- message
- receiver
- feedback
- context
dr Eric berne
used transactional analysis to refer to the process of investigating what people say and do to each other.
-believed that three ago states exist within all of us
what makes up ones individual personalities
child, parent, and adult
what is one of the most important tools for communicating with mentally ill clients ?
effective listening