OB-exam 1 Flashcards

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1

what is the first menstrual period called?

menarche

2

episiotomy

cut the perineum to allow stretching at birth

3

vaginal vestibule- urethral meatus

exit for urine

4

shape of ovaries?

almond shape and size of a walnut

5

facts about ovaries

  • held in place by ovarian and uterine ligaments
  • the two functions- production of hormones and mainly estrogen & progestogen

6

fallopian tubes

attached to the uterus

- curve over the ovaries with fingerlike projections called fimbrige capture the ovum (egg) as it is released from the ovary

7

Fallopian tubes : passage way

passage way for sperm to meet the ovum, site of fertilization safe, nourishing environment for the ovum or zygote

8

the upper part of the uterus is best for the fertilized ovum to implant due to it being the best for nourishing

(T/F)

true

9

mucosal lining has 4 functions

  • lubicates vagina
  • acts as a bacterial static agent
  • provides alkaline environment to shelter deposited sperm
  • produces a mucus plug in cervical canal during pregnancy

10

gynecoid

most favorable for vaginal delivery

11

platypelloid

unfavorable for vaginal delivery

12

follicular phase

first half of the cycle

13

follicular phase: hormones

  • maturing egg follicle secretes follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
  • elevated estrogen level causes FSH to stop and luteinizing hormone (LH) is released

14

luteal phase

last half of cycle

15

which is responsible for ovulation?

luteal phase (LH)

16

fibrinolysis

responsible for the prevention of clotting

17

MALE:

internal genitalia

decrease in sperm production is often due to the testes being to warm

18

vas deferens

this is what gets cut when getting a vasectomy

19

epididymis

stores sperm 2-10 days allowing them to mature

20

placenta and baby connect the umbilical cord in that umbilical cord is 2 ovaries and 1 vein

(T/F)

true

21

arteries carry waste and the vein carries the good stuff

(T/F)

true

22

3 temporary ducts

  • ductus arteriosis
  • foramen ovale
  • ductus venosus

23

ductus arteriosis

diverts blood past the lungs

24

foreman ovale

allows blood to pass

25

ductus venosus

allow blood to pass to the inferior vena cava

26

DNA and Nucleous control cell function

the genes and chromosomes in the DNA determine individual traits

27

facts about DNA

  • each contains 46 chromosomes
  • 22 pairs of auto somes
  • 1 pair of sex chromosomes
  • the mother gives 23 chromosomes and the father gives 23

28

women

XX

29

male

XY

30

Mitosis

continuous process

31

spermatogenesis

making of sperm

32

oogenesis

ovaries

33

fertilization

takes place in the outer third of the Fallopian tube, near the ovary

34

prior to fertilization, women should take what?

0.4 mg of folic acid

-to prevent neural tube defects

35

The egg ONLY survives how many hours?

12-24 hrs

36

how long does the sperm last?

5 days

37

(T/F)

only one to 10 sperm will reach the fallopian tube

true

38

HCG

the human chorionic gonadotropin is produced to support the development of the embryo

39

estrogen

takes care of the living for pregnancy

40

where does blood circulate through the placenta ?

vein

41

unoxygenated blood travels

through the umbilical vein and bypasses the liver via the ductous venosus

42

how long does it take for the foremen ovale to close

within 2 hours

43

how long does it take for ductus arteriosus to close

within 15 hurs

44

ductus venous closes when?

closes functionally when card is cut

45

embryo

second to eighth week of development

46

age of viability

when the fetus can survive outside of the mom

47

lowest age of viability

a fetal weight of 500 grams or a disgestation greater than 20-24 weeks

48

surfactant

within the outside of our lungs

- fetal lungs not produced until 25 weeks

49

betamathasone

to help develop lungs quickly

50

first trimester

1-12 weeks

51

second trimester

13-28 weeks

52

third trimester

29-40 weeks

53

what to avoid while pregnant

  • medications
  • alcohol, tobacco, and street drugs
  • cat liter; wear mask gloves; change everyday (can cause toxoplasmosis)

54

toxoplasmosis

can cause still birth, blind, hearing loss, seizures, learning disabilities

55

placenta

temp organ taht develops in the uterus during pregnancy

-function: allows exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste; also producing hormones. that support prgenacny

56

umbilical cord

cord oonecting the uterus to placenta, Ava, transports oxygen nutrients and waste

57

amontic fluid (bag of water)

aminon and chrion embraces surround the fetus and contain amniotic fluid fushions fetus, maintains temp, allows movement for growth and protects against infection

58

human placental lactogen

assists with milk productions

increases the mothers metabolism during pregnancy