Pharm 41 Flashcards

A class lowers glucose by activating AMPK:
A. Sulfonylureas
B. Biguanides
C. SGLT2 inhibitors
D. TZDs

A class improves insulin sensitivity via PPAR-γ:
A. DPP-4 inhibitors
B. Sulfonylureas
C. Biguanides
D. TZDs

A class blunts postprandial spikes by delaying carb digestion:
A. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
B. DPP-4 inhibitors
C. TZDs
D. Sulfonylureas

A class causes glycosuria by blocking PT reabsorption:
A. Sulfonylureas
B. Biguanides
C. SGLT2 inhibitors
D. GLP-1 agonists

A class increases insulin and slows gastric emptying:
A. GLP-1 receptor agonists
B. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
C. Biguanides
D. TZDs

A class prolongs incretin action by blocking degradation:
A. GLP-1 receptor agonists
B. SGLT2 inhibitors
C. Biguanides
D. DPP-4 inhibitors

The therapy most commonly causing hypoglycemia:
A. Biguanides
B. Insulin therapy
C. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
D. TZDs

A class triggers insulin release via KATP closure:
A. DPP-4 inhibitors
B. Biguanides
C. Sulfonylureas
D. SGLT2 inhibitors

A class gives fast meal-time insulin release:
A. TZDs
B. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
C. Biguanides
D. Meglitinides

“Euglycemic” class with rare hypoglycemia:
A. Biguanides
B. Sulfonylureas
C. Meglitinides
D. Insulin therapy

Class effect: fluid retention, worse with insulin:
A. SGLT2 inhibitors
B. Biguanides
C. TZDs
D. DPP-4 inhibitors

Class adverse effects: flatulence, diarrhea, abdominal pain:
A. Biguanides
B. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
C. TZDs
D. GLP-1 agonists

Class most linked to pancreatitis risk:
A. GLP-1 receptor agonists
B. DPP-4 inhibitors
C. Biguanides
D. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors

Class most linked to URI/nasopharyngitis:
A. GLP-1 receptor agonists
B. Sulfonylureas
C. SGLT2 inhibitors
D. DPP-4 inhibitors

Class adverse effects: genital mycoses and UTIs:
A. DPP-4 inhibitors
B. SGLT2 inhibitors
C. TZDs
D. Biguanides

Class effect: modest LDL increase:
A. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
B. DPP-4 inhibitors
C. SGLT2 inhibitors
D. GLP-1 agonists

Class linked to decreased bone mineral density:
A. SGLT2 inhibitors
B. TZDs
C. Biguanides
D. Sulfonylureas

Class avoided in type 1 and ketosis-prone:
A. DPP-4 inhibitors
B. GLP-1 agonists
C. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
D. SGLT2 inhibitors

Class lowers glucagon and slows gastric emptying:
A. DPP-4 inhibitors
B. GLP-1 agonists
C. Amylin analogs
D. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors

Injectable used for severe hypoglycemia rescue:
A. Rapid-acting insulin analogs
B. Glucagon
C. Biguanides
D. TZDs

Contraindicated in pheochromocytoma:
A. Glucagon
B. Insulin therapy
C. GLP-1 agonists
D. SGLT2 inhibitors

Used to treat β-blocker overdose bradycardia:
A. Pramlintide
B. Sitagliptin
C. Acarbose
D. Glucagon

First-line class for type 2 diabetes:
A. Sulfonylureas
B. Biguanides
C. TZDs
D. DPP-4 inhibitors

Class increases adiponectin, lowers resistin:
A. Biguanides
B. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
C. TZDs
D. Sulfonylureas

Brush-border enzyme inhibition to reduce post-meal spikes:
A. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
B. GLP-1 agonists
C. DPP-4 inhibitors
D. SGLT2 inhibitors

Contraindicated with MEN2 or medullary thyroid cancer:
A. DPP-4 inhibitors
B. SGLT2 inhibitors
C. Sulfonylureas
D. GLP-1 receptor agonists

Class suppresses glucagon and reduces islet apoptosis:
A. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
B. DPP-4 inhibitors
C. GLP-1 receptor agonists
D. Biguanides

Class MOA: prevents GLP-1 breakdown:
A. GLP-1 agonists
B. DPP-4 inhibitors
C. SGLT2 inhibitors
D. TZDs

Suffix “-glutide” indicates:
A. Sulfonylurea
B. DPP-4 inhibitor
C. SGLT2 inhibitor
D. GLP-1 receptor agonist

Suffix “-liptin” indicates:
A. DPP-4 inhibitor
B. GLP-1 agonist
C. TZD
D. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

Suffix “-flozin” indicates:
A. GLP-1 agonist
B. SGLT2 inhibitor
C. Biguanide
D. Sulfonylurea

Class reduces post-meal glucose by delaying absorption:
A. TZDs
B. Biguanides
C. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
D. SGLT2 inhibitors

Class adverse effects: GI upset and B12 deficiency:
A. Biguanides
B. TZDs
C. DPP-4 inhibitors
D. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors

Class risk: lactic acidosis with kidney disease:
A. TZDs
B. Sulfonylureas
C. SGLT2 inhibitors
D. Biguanides

Secretagogue class requiring functional beta cells:
A. Biguanides
B. SGLT2 inhibitors
C. Sulfonylureas
D. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors

Class increases GLUT1/GLUT4 expression:
A. DPP-4 inhibitors
B. TZDs
C. SGLT2 inhibitors
D. Biguanides

Class lowers glucose via enterohepatic interruption:
A. GLP-1 agonists
B. DPP-4 inhibitors
C. TZDs
D. Bile acid sequestrants

Class is a dopamine agonist for modest HbA1c drop:
A. Dopamine agonists
B. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
C. GLP-1 agonists
D. SGLT2 inhibitors

Insulin pumps most commonly use:
A. Long-acting insulin analogs
B. Rapid-acting insulin analogs
C. NPH insulin
D. Premixed insulin only

“Peakless” basal insulin category:
A. Rapid-acting insulin analogs
B. Regular insulin
C. Long-acting insulin analogs
D. NPH insulin

Insulin lispro is a:
A. Long insulin analog
B. Intermediate insulin
C. Rapid insulin analog
D. Biguanide

Insulin glargine is a:
A. Long insulin analog
B. Rapid insulin analog
C. Intermediate insulin
D. DPP-4 inhibitor

Regular insulin is a:
A. Rapid insulin analog
B. Long insulin analog
C. Intermediate insulin
D. Short-acting insulin

NPH insulin is a:
A. Long insulin analog
B. Intermediate insulin
C. Rapid insulin analog
D. Short-acting insulin

Afrezza is a:
A. Inhaled rapid insulin
B. Long insulin analog
C. TZD
D. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

A premixed insulin labeled “70/30” most commonly contains which combination?
A. Lispro plus glargine
B. Aspart plus detemir
C. Glulisine plus degludec
D. NPH plus regular

Which is a rapid insulin analog?
A. Insulin glargine
B. Insulin aspart
C. NPH insulin
D. Regular insulin

Which is a rapid insulin analog?
A. Insulin detemir
B. Insulin degludec
C. Insulin glulisine
D. NPH insulin

Long-acting analog with >42h action:
A. Insulin glargine
B. Insulin detemir
C. NPH insulin
D. Insulin degludec

Insulin detemir is a:
A. Long insulin analog
B. Rapid insulin analog
C. Short-acting insulin
D. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

Tolbutamide is a:
A. Sulfonylurea 2nd gen
B. Sulfonylurea 1st gen
C. Meglitinide analog
D. DPP-4 inhibitor

Chlorpropamide is a:
A. Meglitinide analog
B. Sulfonylurea 2nd gen
C. Sulfonylurea 1st gen
D. Biguanide

Which is a 2nd-gen sulfonylurea?
A. Glyburide
B. Tolazamide
C. Repaglinide
D. Metformin

Glipizide is a:
A. Sulfonylurea 1st gen
B. Meglitinide analog
C. DPP-4 inhibitor
D. Sulfonylurea 2nd gen

Glimepiride is a:
A. Sulfonylurea 1st gen
B. Biguanide
C. Sulfonylurea 2nd gen
D. GLP-1 agonist

Acetohexamide is a:
A. Sulfonylurea 2nd gen
B. Sulfonylurea 1st gen
C. TZD
D. SGLT2 inhibitor

Gliclazide is a:
A. Sulfonylurea 1st gen
B. Meglitinide analog
C. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
D. Sulfonylurea 2nd gen

Tolazamide is a:
A. Sulfonylurea 1st gen
B. Sulfonylurea 2nd gen
C. DPP-4 inhibitor
D. SGLT2 inhibitor

Repaglinide is a:
A. Sulfonylurea 2nd gen
B. D-phenylalanine derivative
C. Meglitinide analog
D. Biguanide

Nateglinide is a:
A. Meglitinide analog
B. D-phenylalanine derivative
C. Sulfonylurea 1st gen
D. GLP-1 agonist

Mitiglinide is a:
A. Meglitinide analog
B. DPP-4 inhibitor
C. Biguanide
D. TZD

Metformin is a:
A. GLP-1 agonist
B. Sulfonylurea 2nd gen
C. SGLT2 inhibitor
D. Biguanide

Pioglitazone is a:
A. Biguanide
B. TZD
C. GLP-1 agonist
D. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

Rosiglitazone is a:
A. DPP-4 inhibitor
B. SGLT2 inhibitor
C. TZD
D. Meglitinide analog

Acarbose is a:
A. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
B. TZD
C. DPP-4 inhibitor
D. SGLT2 inhibitor

Miglitol is a:
A. GLP-1 agonist
B. DPP-4 inhibitor
C. Biguanide
D. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

Exenatide is a:
A. DPP-4 inhibitor
B. SGLT2 inhibitor
C. GLP-1 agonist
D. Sulfonylurea 1st gen

Liraglutide is a:
A. DPP-4 inhibitor
B. GLP-1 agonist
C. TZD
D. Biguanide

Albiglutide is a:
A. DPP-4 inhibitor
B. Biguanide
C. Sulfonylurea 2nd gen
D. GLP-1 agonist

Dulaglutide is a:
A. GLP-1 agonist
B. DPP-4 inhibitor
C. SGLT2 inhibitor
D. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

Sitagliptin is a:
A. GLP-1 agonist
B. DPP-4 inhibitor
C. SGLT2 inhibitor
D. TZD

Saxagliptin is a:
A. Sulfonylurea 2nd gen
B. GLP-1 agonist
C. DPP-4 inhibitor
D. Meglitinide analog

Linagliptin is a:
A. DPP-4 inhibitor
B. GLP-1 agonist
C. SGLT2 inhibitor
D. Biguanide

Alogliptin is a:
A. GLP-1 agonist
B. TZD
C. Sulfonylurea 1st gen
D. DPP-4 inhibitor

Vildagliptin is a:
A. GLP-1 agonist
B. DPP-4 inhibitor
C. SGLT2 inhibitor
D. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

Empagliflozin is a:
A. DPP-4 inhibitor
B. GLP-1 agonist
C. SGLT2 inhibitor
D. Biguanide

Canagliflozin is a:
A. SGLT2 inhibitor
B. DPP-4 inhibitor
C. TZD
D. Sulfonylurea 2nd gen

Dapagliflozin is a:
A. GLP-1 agonist
B. TZD
C. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
D. SGLT2 inhibitor

Pramlintide is a:
A. GLP-1 agonist
B. DPP-4 inhibitor
C. Amylin analog
D. SGLT2 inhibitor

Colesevelam is a:
A. Dopamine agonist
B. Bile acid sequestrant
C. Biguanide
D. Sulfonylurea 1st gen

Bromocriptine is a:
A. Biguanide
B. TZD
C. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
D. Dopamine agonist

Glucagon is a:
A. Counterregulatory hormone drug
B. Biguanide
C. SGLT2 inhibitor
D. GLP-1 agonist

Diazoxide is a:
A. Sulfonylurea 2nd gen
B. Insulin release inhibitor
C. Biguanide
D. GLP-1 agonist

Phenytoin is a:
A. DPP-4 inhibitor
B. Meglitinide analog
C. Insulin release inhibitor
D. TZD

Vinblastine is a:
A. Insulin release inhibitor
B. GLP-1 agonist
C. SGLT2 inhibitor
D. Sulfonylurea 1st gen

Colchicine is a:
A. DPP-4 inhibitor
B. TZD
C. Biguanide
D. Insulin release inhibitor

Which pair are rapid insulin analogs?
A. Glargine and detemir
B. NPH and regular
C. Lispro and aspart
D. Degludec and NPH

Which pair are DPP-4 inhibitors?
A. Exenatide and liraglutide
B. Sitagliptin and saxagliptin
C. Canagliflozin and metformin
D. Pioglitazone and rosiglitazone

Which pair are alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?
A. Acarbose and miglitol
B. Metformin and pioglitazone
C. Repaglinide and nateglinide
D. Empagliflozin and sitagliptin

Tolbutamide and tolazamide are:
A. Meglitinide analogs
B. TZDs
C. Sulfonylureas 1st gen
D. DPP-4 inhibitors

Glyburide and glipizide are:
A. Sulfonylureas 1st gen
B. Meglitinide analogs
C. Biguanides
D. Sulfonylureas 2nd gen

Repaglinide belongs to:
A. Sulfonylurea 2nd gen
B. Meglitinide analog
C. GLP-1 agonist
D. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor