front 1 A class lowers glucose by activating AMPK: | back 1 B. Biguanides |
front 2 A class improves insulin sensitivity via PPAR-γ: | back 2 D. TZDs |
front 3 A class blunts postprandial spikes by delaying carb
digestion: | back 3 A. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors |
front 4 A class causes glycosuria by blocking PT reabsorption: | back 4 C. SGLT2 inhibitors |
front 5 A class increases insulin and slows gastric emptying: | back 5 A. GLP-1 receptor agonists |
front 6 A class prolongs incretin action by blocking degradation: | back 6 D. DPP-4 inhibitors |
front 7 The therapy most commonly causing hypoglycemia: | back 7 B. Insulin therapy |
front 8 A class triggers insulin release via KATP closure: | back 8 C. Sulfonylureas |
front 9 A class gives fast meal-time insulin release: | back 9 D. Meglitinides |
front 10 “Euglycemic” class with rare hypoglycemia: | back 10 A. Biguanides |
front 11 Class effect: fluid retention, worse with insulin: | back 11 C. TZDs |
front 12 Class adverse effects: flatulence, diarrhea, abdominal pain: | back 12 B. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors |
front 13 Class most linked to pancreatitis risk: | back 13 A. GLP-1 receptor agonists |
front 14 Class most linked to URI/nasopharyngitis: | back 14 D. DPP-4 inhibitors |
front 15 Class adverse effects: genital mycoses and UTIs: | back 15 B. SGLT2 inhibitors |
front 16 Class effect: modest LDL increase: | back 16 C. SGLT2 inhibitors |
front 17 Class linked to decreased bone mineral density: | back 17 A. SGLT2 inhibitors |
front 18 Class avoided in type 1 and ketosis-prone: | back 18 D. SGLT2 inhibitors |
front 19 Class lowers glucagon and slows gastric emptying: | back 19 C. Amylin analogs |
front 20 Injectable used for severe hypoglycemia rescue: | back 20 B. Glucagon |
front 21 Contraindicated in pheochromocytoma: | back 21 A. Glucagon |
front 22 Used to treat β-blocker overdose bradycardia: | back 22 D. Glucagon |
front 23 First-line class for type 2 diabetes: | back 23 B. Biguanides |
front 24 Class increases adiponectin, lowers resistin: | back 24 C. TZDs |
front 25 Brush-border enzyme inhibition to reduce post-meal spikes: | back 25 A. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors |
front 26 Contraindicated with MEN2 or medullary thyroid cancer: | back 26 D. GLP-1 receptor agonists |
front 27 Class suppresses glucagon and reduces islet apoptosis: | back 27 C. GLP-1 receptor agonists |
front 28 Class MOA: prevents GLP-1 breakdown: | back 28 B. DPP-4 inhibitors |
front 29 Suffix “-glutide” indicates: | back 29 D. GLP-1 receptor agonist |
front 30 Suffix “-liptin” indicates: | back 30 A. DPP-4 inhibitor |
front 31 Suffix “-flozin” indicates: | back 31 B. SGLT2 inhibitor |
front 32 Class reduces post-meal glucose by delaying absorption: | back 32 C. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors |
front 33 Class adverse effects: GI upset and B12 deficiency: | back 33 A. Biguanides |
front 34 Class risk: lactic acidosis with kidney disease: | back 34 D. Biguanides |
front 35 Secretagogue class requiring functional beta cells: | back 35 C. Sulfonylureas |
front 36 Class increases GLUT1/GLUT4 expression: | back 36 B. TZDs |
front 37 Class lowers glucose via enterohepatic interruption: | back 37 D. Bile acid sequestrants |
front 38 Class is a dopamine agonist for modest HbA1c drop: | back 38 A. Dopamine agonists |
front 39 Insulin pumps most commonly use: | back 39 B. Rapid-acting insulin analogs |
front 40 “Peakless” basal insulin category: | back 40 C. Long-acting insulin analogs |
front 41 Insulin lispro is a: | back 41 C. Rapid insulin analog |
front 42 Insulin glargine is a: | back 42 A. Long insulin analog |
front 43 Regular insulin is a: | back 43 D. Short-acting insulin |
front 44 NPH insulin is a: | back 44 B. Intermediate insulin |
front 45 Afrezza is a: | back 45 A. Inhaled rapid insulin |
front 46 A premixed insulin labeled “70/30” most commonly contains which
combination? | back 46 D. NPH plus regular |
front 47 Which is a rapid insulin analog? | back 47 B. Insulin aspart |
front 48 Which is a rapid insulin analog? | back 48 C. Insulin glulisine |
front 49 Long-acting analog with >42h action: | back 49 D. Insulin degludec |
front 50 Insulin detemir is a: | back 50 A. Long insulin analog |
front 51 Tolbutamide is a: | back 51 B. Sulfonylurea 1st gen |
front 52 Chlorpropamide is a: | back 52 C. Sulfonylurea 1st gen |
front 53 Which is a 2nd-gen sulfonylurea? | back 53 A. Glyburide |
front 54 Glipizide is a: | back 54 D. Sulfonylurea 2nd gen |
front 55 Glimepiride is a: | back 55 C. Sulfonylurea 2nd gen |
front 56 Acetohexamide is a: | back 56 B. Sulfonylurea 1st gen |
front 57 Gliclazide is a: | back 57 D. Sulfonylurea 2nd gen |
front 58 Tolazamide is a: | back 58 A. Sulfonylurea 1st gen |
front 59 Repaglinide is a: | back 59 C. Meglitinide analog |
front 60 Nateglinide is a: | back 60 B. D-phenylalanine derivative |
front 61 Mitiglinide is a: | back 61 A. Meglitinide analog |
front 62 Metformin is a: | back 62 D. Biguanide |
front 63 Pioglitazone is a: | back 63 B. TZD |
front 64 Rosiglitazone is a: | back 64 C. TZD |
front 65 Acarbose is a: | back 65 A. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor |
front 66 Miglitol is a: | back 66 D. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor |
front 67 Exenatide is a: | back 67 C. GLP-1 agonist |
front 68 Liraglutide is a: | back 68 B. GLP-1 agonist |
front 69 Albiglutide is a: | back 69 D. GLP-1 agonist |
front 70 Dulaglutide is a: | back 70 A. GLP-1 agonist |
front 71 Sitagliptin is a: | back 71 B. DPP-4 inhibitor |
front 72 Saxagliptin is a: | back 72 C. DPP-4 inhibitor |
front 73 Linagliptin is a: | back 73 A. DPP-4 inhibitor |
front 74 Alogliptin is a: | back 74 D. DPP-4 inhibitor |
front 75 Vildagliptin is a: | back 75 B. DPP-4 inhibitor |
front 76 Empagliflozin is a: | back 76 C. SGLT2 inhibitor |
front 77 Canagliflozin is a: | back 77 A. SGLT2 inhibitor |
front 78 Dapagliflozin is a: | back 78 D. SGLT2 inhibitor |
front 79 Pramlintide is a: | back 79 C. Amylin analog |
front 80 Colesevelam is a: | back 80 B. Bile acid sequestrant |
front 81 Bromocriptine is a: | back 81 D. Dopamine agonist |
front 82 Glucagon is a: | back 82 A. Counterregulatory hormone drug |
front 83 Diazoxide is a: | back 83 B. Insulin release inhibitor |
front 84 Phenytoin is a: | back 84 C. Insulin release inhibitor |
front 85 Vinblastine is a: | back 85 A. Insulin release inhibitor |
front 86 Colchicine is a: | back 86 D. Insulin release inhibitor |
front 87 Which pair are rapid insulin analogs? | back 87 C. Lispro and aspart |
front 88 Which pair are DPP-4 inhibitors? | back 88 B. Sitagliptin and saxagliptin |
front 89 Which pair are alpha-glucosidase inhibitors? | back 89 A. Acarbose and miglitol |
front 90 Tolbutamide and tolazamide are: | back 90 C. Sulfonylureas 1st gen |
front 91 Glyburide and glipizide are: | back 91 D. Sulfonylureas 2nd gen |
front 92 Repaglinide belongs to: | back 92 B. Meglitinide analog |