tuberculosis
common infections sites: lungs, brain, bone, liver, kidney
-conveyed by droplets
-NIGHT SWEATS- THINK TB
latent tb infection
in the body but not active
active tb infection
serious illness that could kill if left untreated
RIPE
- R- rifam
- I- INH
- P-pyrodoxine
- E- ethambutol
Isoniazid
drug of choice for TB
- numbness and tingling of extremities dizziness and ataxia are common concurrent use of pyridoxine (vitamin b6) prevents or relives these symptoms
Rifampin
treatment of TB
- think red-right of secretions (tears,saliva,sweat or urine)
Ethanbutol
can cause red/green vision changes THINK EYES
Isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol
all three mediations must be used in combination to prevent resistant organisms
what does rifampin cause?
oral contraceptives to become ineffective; another form of birth control form of birth control is needed
Inoculation
route takes several forms (sexual contract/blood transfusion)
-viruses are difficult are difficult to kill because they live inside the cells
Antiretroviral drugs
used to treat infections caused by HIV, the virus that causes AIDS
HEP B has a vaccine
true
HEP C
leading cause of liver failure leading to liver transplantation
TREATMENT: any meds that end in VIR
Pregnant women or planning on becoming pregnant do NOT want to be around aerosol form of ribavirin
true or false
true
Gancicloui
used to treat infection with CMV
-can cause bone morrow toxicity-ensure proper use
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
reduces the duration of the illness
- TREATMENT should begin within 2 days of influenza symptom onset
VIR
THINK ANTIVIRAL MED
ribavirin
effective against DNA type viral families, inhibitory activity against RSV
(know its antiviral)
Aerosol should not be used in those who are pregnant or want to become pregnant.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Ribavirin black box warning
contraindicated in pregnant women and their male sexual partners
Zanamivir
uncomplicated acute illness from influenza
sofoslovir
used in combination with ribavirin
HIV THINK
RETROVIRUS
HIV is transmitted through bodily fluids. (blood,semen, vaginal secretions)
true or false
true
at the end of stage 1 and 2, patient is extremely contagious
AT risk for opportunistic infections
Antiretroviral drugs
highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)
Amphotericin B
very nephrotoxic
want to watch kidney levels
very important to know serious adverse effect nephrotoxicity and electrolyte imbalances
Itraconazole
want to watch in patients with heart failure
Serious adverse effect- heart failure and hepatoxicity
variconazole
can cause fetal harm in pregnant women
amphoterican B
renal toxic and cardiac dysrthmias
a patient is taking nystatin (mycostatin) in an oral troche form for oral candidiasis, which instruction is correct?
allow the troche to dissolve slowly in the mouth
women on fluconazole need an alternate form of birth control, instruct patient to report any jaundice, N/V, clay colored stools, or dark urine
(T/F)
true
women of childbearing age need to use contraception due to teratogenic effects
(T/F)
true