Last ditch effort Flashcards

What type of microbe is Bacillus anthracis?

What type of microbe is Bacillus cereus?

What type of microbe is Clostridium perfringens?

What type of microbe is Staphylococcus aureus?

What type of microbe is Streptococcus pneumoniae?

What type of microbe is Streptococcus mutans?

What type of microbe is Yersinia pestis?

What type of microbe is Borrelia burgdorferi?

What type of microbe is Bartonella henselae?

What type of microbe is Rickettsia species?

What type of microbe is Helicobacter pylori?

What type of microbe is E. coli?

What type of microbe is Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

What type of microbe is Chlamydia trachomatis?

What type of microbe is Treponema pallidum?

What type of microbe is Haemophilus ducreyi?

What type of microbe is Epstein-Barr virus?

What type of microbe is Hepatitis B virus?

What type of microbe is Herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2?

What type of microbe is Human papillomavirus?

What type of microbe is Sars-CoV-2?

What type of microbe is Yellow Fever virus?

What type of microbe is Mumps virus?

What type of microbe is Rotavirus?

What type of microbe is Hepatitis A virus?

What type of microbe is Hepatitis C virus?

What type of microbe is HIV 1 and 2?

What type of microbe is Giardia duodenalis?

What type of microbe is Trichomonas vaginalis?

What type of microbe is Enterobius vermicularis?

What type of microbe is Taenia solium?

What type of microbe is Fasciola hepatica?

What type of microbe is Schistosoma mansoni, S. japonicum?

What type of microbe is Schistosoma haematobium?

What type of microbe is Candida albicans?

What disease does this microbe cause: Bacillus Anthracis?

What disease does this microbe cause: Bacillus cereus?

What disease does this microbe cause: Clostridium perfingens?

What disease does this microbe cause: Staphylococcus aureus?

What disease does this microbe cause: Streptococcus pnuemonia?

What disease does this microbe cause: Streptococcus mutans?

What disease does this microbe cause: Yersinia pestis?

What disease does this microbe cause: Borrelia burgdoferi?

What disease does this microbe cause: Bartonella henselae?

What disease does this microbe cause: Rickettsia species?

What disease does this microbe cause: Helicobacter pylori?

What disease does this microbe cause: E. coli?

What disease does this microbe cause: Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

What disease does this microbe cause: Chlamydia trachomatis?

What disease does this microbe cause: Treponema pallidum?

What disease does this microbe cause: Haemophilus ducreyi?

What disease does this microbe cause: Epstein-Barr virus?

What disease does this microbe cause: Hepatitis B virus?

What disease does this microbe cause: Herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2?

What disease does this microbe cause: Human papillomavirus?

What disease does this microbe cause: Sars-CoV-2?

What disease does this microbe cause: Yellow fever virus?

What disease does this microbe cause: Mumps virus?

What disease does this microbe cause: Rotavirus?

What disease does this microbe cause: Hepatitis A virus?

What disease does this microbe cause: Hepatitis C virus?

What disease does this microbe cause: HIV 1 and 2?

What disease does this microbe cause: Giardia duodenalis?

What disease does this microbe cause: Trichomonas vaginalis?

What disease does this microbe cause: Enterobius vermicularis?

What disease does this microbe cause: Taenia solium?

What disease does this microbe cause: Fasciola hepatica?

What disease does this microbe cause: Schistosoma mansoni, S. japonicum?

What disease does this microbe cause: Schistosoma haematobium?

What disease does this microbe cause: Candida albicans?

G+ endospore forming rod that is aerobic and catalase positive. VF: tripartite toxin (Edema factor, Protective antigen, and Lethal factor)
Transmission: vehicle, indirect contact

2 G+ bacteria of acute endocarditis
Features: Fever, Osler's nodes, Janeway lesions, abdominal/side pain

G- bacteria causing the Black Plague. can manifest in respiratory tract, inflammation/necrosis of lymph node or bubo in groin, or septicemic plague
Transmission: flea bite, droplet, direct contact with body fluids

G- bacteria that causes a large bull's eye rash. Features: Fever, headache, and can progress to cardiac/neurological symptoms.
Transmission: Biological vector (tick)
VF: evades immune system by shifting antigens

DNA virus that has infected more than 90% of the world's population. VF: latency and ability to incorporate into host DNA. Unique: Monospot test and Downey cells.

Hemorrhagic fever disease causing jaundice. Transmission: Biological vector (Aedes mosquito)

G- bacteria where infection is connected with being clawed or bitten by a cat. Symptoms: swollen lymph nodes. VF: non-hemorragic and endotoxin

G-bacteria that causes distinctive spotted rash and can cause cardiovascular disruption.
Transmission: tick bite
VF: induces apoptosis in endothelial cells lining blood vessels

Retrovirus that causes AIDS. Symptoms: Kaposi's sarcoma, sudden weight loss, swollen lymph nodes, syncytia formation, and diarrhea. Transmission: Direct contact (sexual), parenteral (blood), Vertical.

G+ bacteria that produces a heat stable exotoxin inducing acute diarrhea.
Associated with custards, sauces, cream pastries, processed meats, chicken salad, ham

G- spiral shaped bacteria causing stomach ulcers. Transmission: oral-oral. Treatment: clarithromycin.

G+ endospore-forming rod shaped bacteria producing an exotoxin causing acute diarrhea with vomiting
Contaminates meat, fish, beans

Nonenveloped, ssRNA enterovirus causing flu-like symptoms
Transmission: fecal-oral
Unique: Has vaccine, causes jaundice in 10% of cases, and IgM serology.

Enveloped DNA virus causing infection of the liver. Symptoms: fever, chills, abdominal discomfort, potential rashes and arthritis. Cause of hepatocellular carcinoma. Transmission: minute amounts of blood, HIGHLY contagious. Vaccine: YES. Likely to be chronic: NO. ELISA

Enveloped DNA virus causing infection of the liver. Silent epidemic. Symptoms: fever, chills, abdominal discomfort, potential rashes and arthritis. Transmission: blood transfusions, needle sharing. No vaccine but yes cure. Likely to be chronic: YES (75-85% chance of indefinite infection) Serology/PCR.

Blood flukes (mansoni and japonicum) Cycle D, Vehicle (water) Symptoms: liver disease, bladder obstruction, blood in urine, itching at site of invasion (can invade intact skin) VF: parasite coats its outer surface with proteins from bloodstream, cloaking it from host defenses. Diagnosis: eggs in urine or feces. Treatment: Praziquantel

ssRNA virus from Paramyxovirus genus associated with distinctive and painful swelling at angle of jaw. Transmission: Droplet contact. Symptoms: fever, nasal discharge, inflammation of salivary glands. VF: SYNCYTIA and has vaccine

Protozoan causing chronic diarrhea with greasy and stinky stools. Found in dirty water. Heart shaped with flagella

Pinworm causing pronounced anal itching. Cycle A. Vehicle (water, food) or self-inoculation.

Tapeworm found in undercooked pork. Cycle C. Leads to cysts in brain.

Liver fluke common in sheep, cattle, goats, and other mammals. Cycle D with mammal as definitive host. Symptoms: vomiting, diarrhea, hepatomegaly.

dsRNA genome with inner and outer capsid. Transmission: fecal-oral route
Treatment: children treated with oral rehydration therapy

G+ endospore-forming bacteria that causes acute diarrhea and lives in the soil. Transmission: Food that has been cooked and kept warm for a long time. 2 forms: Emetic (vomiting) and diarrheal.

G+ bacteria that does fermentation, producing lactic acid or ethanol, which causes dissolution of the tooth surface and formation of plaque biofilm. Transmission: Direct contact

G- bacteria causing 80% of UTI's
Transmission: opportunism: GI tract (community-acquired or via catheter) or environmental.

G- bacteria and obligate intracellular parasite with different effects in men and women. Male Symptoms: discharge and painful urination. Female Symptoms: cervicitis, discharge, salpingitis. Transmission: direct contact (STI), vertical

Urinary blood fluke (helminth) that lodges in the blood vessels of the bladder. Diagnosis: identifying eggs in urine. Transmission: contaminated water. VF: antigenic cloaking

Fungus that causes inflammation of vagina, itching, burning, and white curd-like discharge. Transmission: Opportunism.

Protozoa that cause inflammation of vagina, itching, burning, and greenish discharge. Transmission: Direct contact (STI)

G- diplococcus bacteria that uses fimbriae to attach to mucosal epithelial cells. Transmission: Direct contact (STI) and Vertical. Male Symptoms: urethritis, painful urination, yellowish discharge. Female Symptoms: mucopurulent or bloody vaginal discharge, painful urination. Children both to these carriers can be infected as they pass through the birth canal

G- bacteria that binds to epithelial cells by its hooked tip. Transmission: Direct contact and Vertical. Primary syphilis: Chancres - small, red, hard bump that appears at the site of entry of the pathogen. Secondary syphilis: Fever, headache, sore throat, red/brown rash on all skin surfaces. Tertiary syphilis: damage to small arteries and aortic wall, gumma development

G- rod causing genital ulcers/chancroids (soft chancres that often go unnoticed in women, but are painful in men) Transmission: direct sexual contact - association with sex workers and poor hygiene

DNA viruses causing genital ulcers that become latent in the ganglion of lumbosacral spinal nerve trunk
Reactivation: stress, UV radiation, injury, menstruation. Transmission: direct exposure to secretions containing the virus

Viral causative agent of genital warts
Female Symptoms: growths on the vulva and in/around the vagina as well as silent infections of the cervix. Male Symptoms: warts on penis and scrotum

Mixed infection that produces discharge with a fishy odor. Likely a result of reduction of lactobacilli in vagina. Mixed infection with clue cells. Does not produce inflammation in vagina