15 BMD 430 lecture 15 Flashcards

1. Which of the following is not one of the six antibody effector functions?

A. Neutralization

B. Complement activation

C. DNA repair

D. Opsonization

2. Which antibody isotype is most abundant in secretions and provides mucosal immunity?

A. IgE

B. IgA

C. IgG

D. IgM

3. Which antibody is involved in allergic reactions and defense against parasites?

A. IgG

B. IgA

C. IgE

D. IgD

4. Which antibody is pentameric and most effective at complement activation?

A. IgA

B. IgE

C. IgM

D. IgG

5. Which antibody is primarily membrane-bound and acts as a B-cell receptor along with IgM?

A. IgE

B. IgG

C. IgA

D. IgD

6. Which antibody is the most diverse, present in several subclasses, and reflects the maturation of the immune response

A. IgA

B. IgE

C. IgG

D. IgM

7. Fcγ receptors (FcγRs) bind to which antibody class?

A. IgA

B. IgG

C. IgE

D. IgM

8. Which Fc receptor is primarily expressed on granulocytes and triggers degranulation?

A. FcγR

B. FcεR

C. FcαR

D. FcμR

9. Which Fc receptor is involved in the regulation of cell activation and binds to IgM?

A. FcγR

B. FcμR

C. FcαR

D. FcεR

10. Which Fc receptor is inhibitory and helps turn off antibody secretion by B cells?

A. FcγRI

B. FcγRIIb (CD32)

C. FcεRI

D. FcαR

11. Which therapeutic antibody targets CD20 and is used for B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma?

A. Adalimumab

B. Rituximab

C. Ipilimumab

D. Infliximab

12. Adalimumab is a fully human antibody that targets:

A. CTLA-4

B. CD20

C. TNF

D. IL-2

13. Which therapeutic antibody targets CTLA-4 to treat metastatic melanoma?

A. Rituximab

B. Ipilimumab

C. Adalimumab

D. Nivolumab

14. Which phase of the CD8+ cytotoxic T cell response occurs in secondary lymphoid tissue?

A. Recognition

B. Apoptosis

C. Activation and differentiation

D. Perforin release

15. What type of cell is known as a “killer cell” that eliminates infected or abnormal host cells?

A. B cell

B. NK cell

C. Helper T cell

D. Plasma cell

16. IgA can fix complement and induce inflammation.

17. IgM has low affinity but high avidity due to its pentameric structure.

18. FcεR receptors are found on mast cells and basophils.

19. CD40/CD40L interaction is essential for dendritic cell licensing.

20. CTLs can induce apoptosis through Fas/FasL interaction and granzyme release.

21. Which of the following lists SIX major antibody effector functions?

A. Neutralization, Agglutination, Apoptosis, ADCC, Transcytosis, Complement Activation
B. Neutralization, ADCC, Agglutination, Opsonization, Degranulation, Complement Activation
C. ADCC, Transcytosis, Opsonization, Neutralization, Clonal Selection, Complement Activation
D. Neutralization, Chemotaxis, Opsonization, ADCC, Transcytosis, Apoptosis

22. Which pairing correctly matches an antibody class with one of its functions or characteristics?

A. IgA – activates classical complement pathway
B. IgE – found mainly in blood as a dimer
C. IgA – mucosal immunity; dimeric; does NOT activate complement
D. IgE – neutralizes pathogens in mucosal secretions

23. What is the general purpose of Fc receptors?

A. To enhance antigen presentation by binding MHC molecules
B. To bind Fc regions of antibodies and trigger effector functions
C. To degrade circulating antibodies
D. To activate B cells independently of antigen

24. What is the role of FcγRIIb (CD32) in immune regulation?

A. It enhances B-cell activation and promotes antibody secretion
B. It activates NK cells to induce ADCC
C. It serves as an inhibitory receptor that decreases B-cell activation
D. It triggers complement-dependent cytotoxicity

25. What is the purpose of DC licensing, and which interaction is essential for it?

A. Allows DCs to activate B cells; requires CD28–CD80
B. Allows DCs to activate CD8+ T cells; requires CD40–CD40L
C. Enhances NK cell cytotoxicity; requires Fas–FasL
D. Stimulates macrophage activation; requires IL-4 signaling

26. Which of the following includes the THREE signals needed for CTL activation?

A. TCR–MHC II binding, IL-4 signaling, perforin release
B. TCR–antigen recognition; CD28 costimulation; IL-2 signaling
C. CD4–MHC II binding; CD40–CD40L; IFN-γ signaling
D. Antibody binding; complement activation; IL-12 release

27. Which statement best compares the missing-self model and the balanced-signals model of NK cell activation?

A. Both models require high MHC I expression for NK killing
B. Missing-self says NK cells kill when MHC I is absent; balanced-signals says NK cells weigh activating vs. inhibitory signals
C. Missing-self depends on antibodies; balanced-signals does not
D. Both models state that inhibitory signals dominate when MHC I is missing

28. Which best describes antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) performed by NK cells?

A. NK cells kill pathogens using complement proteins
B. NK cells recognize antigen via TCR and directly induce apoptosis
C. Antibodies coat a target, NK cells bind the Fc region, and induce killing
D. NK cells phagocytose antibody-coated pathogens