front 1 1. Which of the following is not one of the six antibody effector functions? A. Neutralization B. Complement activation C. DNA repair D. Opsonization | back 1 C. DNA repair |
front 2 2. Which antibody isotype is most abundant in secretions and provides mucosal immunity? A. IgE B. IgA C. IgG D. IgM | back 2 B. IgA |
front 3 3. Which antibody is involved in allergic reactions and defense against parasites? A. IgG B. IgA C. IgE D. IgD | back 3 C. IgE |
front 4 4. Which antibody is pentameric and most effective at complement activation? A. IgA B. IgE C. IgM D. IgG | back 4 C. IgM |
front 5 5. Which antibody is primarily membrane-bound and acts as a B-cell receptor along with IgM? A. IgE B. IgG C. IgA D. IgD | back 5 D. IgD |
front 6 6. Which antibody is the most diverse, present in several subclasses, and reflects the maturation of the immune response A. IgA B. IgE C. IgG D. IgM | back 6 C. IgG |
front 7 7. Fcγ receptors (FcγRs) bind to which antibody class? A. IgA B. IgG C. IgE D. IgM | back 7 B. IgG |
front 8 8. Which Fc receptor is primarily expressed on granulocytes and triggers degranulation? A. FcγR B. FcεR C. FcαR D. FcμR | back 8 B. FcεR |
front 9 9. Which Fc receptor is involved in the regulation of cell activation and binds to IgM? A. FcγR B. FcμR C. FcαR D. FcεR | back 9 B. FcμR |
front 10 10. Which Fc receptor is inhibitory and helps turn off antibody secretion by B cells? A. FcγRI B. FcγRIIb (CD32) C. FcεRI D. FcαR | back 10 B. FcγRIIb (CD32) |
front 11 11. Which therapeutic antibody targets CD20 and is used for B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma? A. Adalimumab B. Rituximab C. Ipilimumab D. Infliximab | back 11 B. Rituximab |
front 12 12. Adalimumab is a fully human antibody that targets: A. CTLA-4 B. CD20 C. TNF D. IL-2 | back 12 C. TNF |
front 13 13. Which therapeutic antibody targets CTLA-4 to treat metastatic melanoma? A. Rituximab B. Ipilimumab C. Adalimumab D. Nivolumab | back 13 B. Ipilimumab |
front 14 14. Which phase of the CD8+ cytotoxic T cell response occurs in secondary lymphoid tissue? A. Recognition B. Apoptosis C. Activation and differentiation D. Perforin release | back 14 C. Activation and differentiation |
front 15 15. What type of cell is known as a “killer cell” that eliminates infected or abnormal host cells? A. B cell B. NK cell C. Helper T cell D. Plasma cell | back 15 B. NK cell |
front 16 16. IgA can fix complement and induce inflammation. | back 16 false |
front 17 17. IgM has low affinity but high avidity due to its pentameric structure. | back 17 true |
front 18 18. FcεR receptors are found on mast cells and basophils. | back 18 true |
front 19 19. CD40/CD40L interaction is essential for dendritic cell licensing. | back 19 true |
front 20 20. CTLs can induce apoptosis through Fas/FasL interaction and granzyme release. | back 20 true |
front 21 21. List the six antibody effector functions. | back 21 Neutralization, ADCC, Agglutination, Opsonization, Degranulation, Complement Activation. |
front 22 22. Describe one function and characteristic of IgA and IgE. | back 22
IgA: mucosal defense, dimeric, no complement. |
front 23 23. What are Fc receptors and what is their general purpose? | back 23 Fc receptors bind antibody Fc regions to mediate effector functions like phagocytosis or degranulation |
front 24 24. Explain the role of FcγRIIb (CD32) in immune regulation. | back 24 FcγRIIb (CD32) is inhibitory; turns off B-cell activation and antibody secretion. |
front 25 25. Define DC licensing and explain how it involves CD40/CD40L. | back 25 DC licensing: CD4+ T cells activate DCs via CD40/CD40L so DCs can activate CD8+ T cells. |
front 26 26. What are the three signals required for CTL activation? | back 26 (1) TCR–MHC I recognition, (2) CD28–CD80/86 costimulation, (3) IL-2–IL-2R signaling. |
front 27 27. Compare the missing-self model and the balanced-signals model for NK cell activation. | back 27 Missing-self: NK kills when MHC I absent; Balanced-signals: integrates activating + inhibitory signals (more likely correct). |
front 28 28. Define ADCC and describe how NK cells use this process. | back 28 ADCC: antibodies tag target; NK cells bind via Fc receptors and kill tagged cell |