Skeleton Test Bones, Foramina, etc. Flashcards

Superior facial bone, forms the forehead

Forms the superior lateral portion of the cranial vault

Base/posterior portion of the skull

Visible portion of the sphenoid, located anterior to the temporal bone and posterior to the zygomatic bone

Cheek bone that forms the floor of the bony orbit

Composed of a portion of the zygomatic and temporal bones, located superficial to the TMJ (temporomandibular joint)

Lateral and inferior bone of the cranial vault

Tunnel in the temporal bone that leads to the inner ear

Bony projection located posterior to the external auditory meatus

Sharp bony projection located anterior and medial from the external auditory meatus, used for muscle attachment

Paired bones that form the bridge of the nose and

Paired bones that form the upper jaw and roof of the mouth

Lower jawbone

The suture between the maxillary bones, located inferior to the nasal cavity

Small bony projection located at the superior aspect of the intermaxillary suture

Makes up the posterior wall of the eye socket

Makes up the roof of the eye socket

Makes up the lateral wall of the eye socket

Makes up the floor of the eye socket

Makes up the medial wall of the eye socket, anterior to the ethmoid; contains the lacrimal duct

Makes up the medial wall of the eye socket, posterior to the lacrimal bone

Deep in the orbit, between the ethmoid, maxilla, and sphenoid

Inferior bone of the nasal septum

Superior bone of the nasal septum

Bulges lateral to the nasal septum (middle and inferior visible)

Large opening located in the occiput, brain stem passes through here

Bony area located anterior to the foramen magnum on the inferior view of the skull

Convex articulation surfaces located lateral to the foramen magnum

Paired bones located on the posterior portion of the roof of the mouth

Anterior portion of the roof of the mouth

Bony area located anterior to the foramen magnum on the internal view of the skull

"Turkish Saddle" located in the sphenoid bone to protect the pituitary gland; comprised of the dorsum sella, trabeculum sella, and hypophyseal sella

Posterior portion of the sella turcica, superior to the clivus

Anterior portion of the sella turcica

The depression located between the dorsum sellae and tuberculum sellae

Pointy projection of the ethmoid bone in the anterior cranial fossa, continuous with the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid

Surrounds the crista galli and is full of olfactory foramina

Internal portion of the temporal bone, runs posterolateral from the dorsum sellae; houses the inner ear

Separates the parietal bones

Separates the parietal bones from the occipital bone

Separates the frontal bone from the parietal bones

Between the parietal and temporal bones

Between the temporal and sphenoid bones

Located along the superior ridge of the eye socket in the frontal bone

Large holes inferior to the eye socket on the maxilla bone

Located on the anterior surface of the body of the mandible

Superior slit in the posterior wall of the sphenoid bone of the eye socket

Large slit located on the posterior and slightly lateral aspect of the floor of the eye socket

Round hole located in the posterior portion of the eye socket, just medial to the superior orbital fissure

Hole located at the distal/inferior end of the lacrimal bone, contains the lacrimal duct

Located lateral to the basioccipital, has slightly jagged edges

Located lateral to the foramen lacerum, medially and slightly anterior to foramen spinosum; oval-shaped

Small foramen slightly posterior and lateral to the foramen ovale

Foramen posterior to the foramen spinosum; the internal carotid artery enters the skull through this foramen

Large foramen posterior to the carotid foramen and superior to the hypoglossal foramen; the internal jugular vein exits the skull through this foramen

The small foramen posterior to the occipital condyes

The foramen passing superior to the occipital condyles in a medial to lateral path; where the hypoglossal nerve exits the skull

Foramen located posterior to the incisors on the anterior palatine

This canal is superior to the jugular foramen, still on the posterior portion of the petrous portion of the temporal bone; where the vestibulocochlear nerve exits the ear and enters the temporal lobe of the brain

Many small holes located on the cribriform plate; the olfactory sensory nerve endings pass through these foramina from the nasal cavity to form the olfactory nerve

Located at the lateral edges of the tuberculum sellae; where the optic enters the cranial vault

Large, rounded articulation surfaces located at the superior posterior portion of the ramus

The depression on the temporal bone that forms the socket for the mandibular condyle

Depression located between the mandibular condyle and the coronoid process

Sharp, bony projection located on the anterior superior portion of the ramus

Vertical portion of the mandible

Sharp angle created by the meeting of the ramus and body of the mandible

Main horizontal portion of the mandible

Raised bump on the anterior portion of the mandible, for muscle attachment

Tooth socket

Anterior structure of vertebra that bears weight

Contains the spinal cord, posterior to the body

Extend posteriorly from the body

Extend posteromedially from the pedicles

Project posteriorly from the junction of the laminae

Extends laterally from both sides of the pedical/lamina junction

Between the pedicals of two adjacent foramina; where the spinal nerves emerge

C1, articulates superiorly with the occipital condyles, articulates inferiorly with the C2 and the dens of the C2

C2, articulates superiorly with C1, stabilized by the transverse ligament

Acts as a pivot for the lateral rotation of C1

Where the ribs articulate with the thoracic vertebrae

Point projection that articulates with the coccyx

Wide superior portion of the sacrum that articulates with L5

Tail bone, articulates superiorly with the apex of the sacrum; filum terminale (end of spinal cord) attaches here

Consists of thoracic vertebrae posteriorly, ribs laterally, and sternum anteriorly

Broad, upper portion of sternum

Shallow depression in the superior end of the manubrium

Horizontal ridge that separates the manubrium from the body

Small, sword-shaped process at inferior end of sternum

Attach directly to sternum via their own costal cartilages; 1-7

Attach indirectly to the sternum via costal cartilage of rib 7; 8-12

Do not attach to the sternum; 11-12

Large prominent ridge on the posterior side of the scapula; runs from the medial border, superiorly and laterally terminating at the acromion process

Large bulge located at the lateral edge of the spine of the scapula

Depression immediately superior to the spine of the scapula; where the supraspinatus muscle is found

Depression immediately inferior to the spine of the scapula; where the infraspinatus muscle is located

The point located at the superior, medial portion of the scapula

The point at the distal (inferior) end of the scapula

The depression along the superior, lateral margin of the scapula, just distal to the acromion; where the head of the humerus attaches to form the shoulder joint

The border on the lateral side of the scapula; same side as the glenoid cavity

The border of the scapula nearest the spinal column

Bulge located near the glenoid cavity, anterior to the acromion; hook-shaped

Located between the superior angle and the coracoid process, nearest the coracoid process

Main portion of the complete anterior side of the scapula; depression close to the area of the suprascapular notch

Medial end of the clavicle, connects to the manubrium of the sternum; rounded/quadrangular

Lateral end of the clavicle, connects to the acromion of the scapula; flattened

Bulge on the inferior, posterior, lateral aspect of the clavicle; nearest the acromial end

The superior, medial, rounded portion of the humerus

Large bulge on humerus located laterally

Smaller bulge located on the anterior aspect of the humerus, proximal end

Groove located between the greater and lesser tubercles; also known as the bicipital groove; the tendon of the long head of the biceps passes through here

Roughened area located a few centimeters inferior to the greater tubercle of the humerus

Condyle located on the distal lateral end of the humerus; more rounded, articulates with the head of the humerus

Condyle located at the distal medial end of the humerus; articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna

Located just lateral and proximal to the trochlea

Bulge located on the distal, lateral edge of the humerus, just proximal to the capitulum

Depression located between the epicondyles on the anterior side, closer to the trochlea

Deep depression located on the distal, posterior side of the humerus

Large, rounded, posterior bulge located at the proximal end of the ulna; makes up the elbow; goes into the olecranon fossa of the humerus when elbow extends

Huge notch/depression located at the proximal, anterior end of the ulna; articulates with the trochlea of the humerus

Anterior rim of the trochlear notch; fits into the coronoid fossa of the humerus when elbow flexes

Shallow depression located on the lateral side of the trochlear notch, articulates with the radial head

Pointy process located at the distal end of the ulna

Proximal end of the radius, articulates with the capitulum

Bulge located just a few centimeters distal to the head of the radius

Bumpy area located on the posterior side distal end of the radius

Pointy process located at the distal, lateral end of the radius

Comprised of the ilium, ischium, and pubic bones; also known as the hemipelvis

Largest bone of the os coxa; superior

Superior margin of the ilium

Marks the posterior side of the os coxa

Posterior lower bone of the os coxa

Anterior inferior bone of the os coxa

Anterior margin of the pubic bone that the pubic symphysis attaches to

A cup-shaped depression on the lateral aspect of the os coxa; where the head of the femur articulates

Large foramen just inferior to the acetabulum

Superior to the pelvic brim

Inferior to the pelvic brim

Articulates with the acetabulum of the os coxa

A divot in the head of the femur, attachment site of the ligamentum teres

The narrowed region that connects the head to the diaphysis of the femur

Large bump lateral to the head of the femur

Smaller bump on the medial aspect of the femur, distal to the neck

At the posterior, distal end of the femur, same side as the greater trochanter; smaller of the two condyles

Distal end of the femur, same side as the head; larger of the two condyles

Deep depression between the condyles of the femur, posterior side

Large bulge just lateral and proximal to the medial condyle of the femur

Small bump just proximal and lateral to the lateral condyle of the femur

A vertical ridge for muscle attachment that runs along the posterior aspect of the diaphysis of the femur

Largest sesamoid bone in the body

Distal to the femur, medial to the fibula; weight-bearing

Large bump on the anterior surface of the tibia just distal to the condyles; attachment for the patellar ligament

Flattened surfaces on the proximal end of the tibia

Located on the superior surface between the condyles of the tibia

Each bump within the intercondylar eminence; for attachment of the cruciate ligaments

A sharp ridge that runs vertically along the anterior surface of the tibia, distal to the tibial tuberosity; what you think of when you say shin bone

Distal medial end of the tibia, a large bump that extends distally

Lateral to the tibia, non-weight bearing, most commonly broken leg bone

Large bulbous structure located at the distal end of the fibula