- Reductive biosynthesis
- Utilizes free energy
- Gains electrons
Anabolism
- Oxidative Degradation
- Produces free energy
- Redox reactions
Catabolism
Catabolism breaks down _____ to ______ compounds.
- complex
- simple
What is the starting material in catabolism?
- carbohydrates
-lipids
-proteins
What is the end product of catabolism?
- CO2
- H2O
- NH3
catabolism is _____ favored
-entropically
Anabolism is entropically _______
unfavorable
What are the starting materials of anabolism?
-Amino acids
-sugars
- fatty acids
- nitrogenous bases
What are the end products of anabolism?
- Proteins
- Polysaccharides
- lipids
- Nucleic acids
Does anabolism require ATP?
YES
Catabolism is an electron acceptor uses _________
Oxidative degradation
Anabolism is an electron donor that is used for_______
reductive biosynthesis
What are the stages of catabolism?
Stage 1: Breakdown of macromolecules to component monomers
- Carbohydrates, Fats, and proteins
Stage 2: Oxidation of monomers to the common metabolite Acetyl-CoA
- Glucose, Fatty Acids, and Amino acids
Stage 3: Complete Oxidation and Degradation of Acetyl-CoA
-Three chemical end products: H2O, CO2 and NH3
- Electron Carrier products: NADH and FADH2
Stage 4: Oxidative Phosphorylation to produce ATP
Produces free energy to drive:
-Biosynthesis
- Osmotic work
- Muscle contractions
- Cell Motility
ATP Hydrolysis