A pharmacist is reading about a new drug that is a non-selective muscarinic antagonist. Which of the following is an expected side effect of this medication?
Dry mouth
Phenylephrine is an alpha-1 agonist. Which statement describes how phenylephrine interacts with the alpha-1 receptor?
It behaves similarly to an endogenous substrate at alpha- 1 receptors
Irinotecan is a chemotherapy drug known to cause many side effects through an increase in acetylcholine. Which of the following are expected side effects of increased acetylcholine?
Urination, increase peristalsis, increase secretion of tears, salivation
What role does catechol-O-methyltransferase have in the body?
Breaks down levodopa
Which drug-receptor interaction would most likely result in smooth muscle vasodilation?
Alpha- 1 receptor antagonist
Which drug contains an acidic, carboxyl functional group?
Aspirin
The somatic nervous system controls voluntary muscle movement by releasing which neurotransmitter?
Acetylcholine
(The peripheral nervous system has two main divisions, the somatic nervous system (voluntary) and the autonomic nervous system (involuntary). For voluntary muscle movement, acetylcholine acts on the nicotinic receptors in the skeletal muscle.)
Which of the following drugs contains a ketone functional group?
Fenofibrate
Which of the following statements describes the expected effect of a drug that is a selective beta-2 agonist?
Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle
Stimulation of the alpha-2 adrenergic receptors will cause:
Decreased sympathetic output
(Centrally acting alpha-2 adrenergic agonists (e.g., clonidine) lower blood pressure and heart rate by decreasing sympathetic outflow (epinephrine, norepinephrine).)
Which enzyme does allopurinol work on?
Xanthine oxidase
TZ presents to the community pharmacy with a prescription for
selegiline. The pharmacist notes that TZ has a diagnosis of depression
and Parkinson Disease and is currently taking tranylcypromine (Parnate).
What must the pharmacist do?
Call the prescriber to discuss the major drug interaction
(The pharmacist must alert the physician to the major drug-drug interaction between tranylcypromine and selegiline (both are MAO inhibitors). A 14-day washout period is generally recommended between MAO inhibitors. Using multiple MAO inhibitors together increases the risk of serotonin syndrome and/or hypertensive crisis.)
Which of the following are side effects of IV epinephrine?
Increased HR, increased BP, bronchodilation
What complication can occur if there is an excess of norepinephrine in the body?
Hypertensive crisis
JW is a 40-year-old man with a long-standing history of
treatment-resistant depression. He presents to the emergency
department with a chief complaint of feeling agitated. On physical
exam, he is noted to have tremor, tachycardia and elevated
temperature.
Social History:
Drinks ~6 beers per night and just started a new job at a
brewery a couple of weeks ago. He denies smoking.
Medications:
Phenelzine (Nardil) 15 mg PO TID - started 2 years
ago
Vitamin B12 1 tablet PO daily - started 1 month
ago
Sertraline (Zoloft) 25 mg PO daily - started 2 weeks
ago
Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim double strength (Bactrim
DS) 1 tab BID - started 4 days ago
Which of the following factors could be contributing to his
current condition? (Select ALL that apply.)
Increase in consumption of tyramine-containing food/beverages, phenelzine, sertraline
Which of the following is metabolized by monoamine oxidase?
Serotonin