TAC Exam #1 Flashcards

Formal institutions through which a territory is ruled.

Goods that benefit everyone but that no individual or group on its own could afford. (ex. foreign defense)

A form of government in which there is a single ruler. (ex. king or dictator)

A small group controls most of the decisions. (ex. land owners, military officers, or wealthy persons)

A system in which citizens elect key public officials.

A system of rule in which formal and effective limits are placed on government powers.

Government recognizes no formal limits but may be restrained by the power of other social institutions. (some limits)

Government recognizes no formal limits on its power and seeks to absorb or eliminate other social institutions that may challenge it. (no limits)

An economic system in which the means of production and distribution are privately owned and operated for profit with minimal or no government interference.

Conflict over leadership, structures, and policies of government.

A system of government in which officials are democracy elected to make decisions.

A system of rule in which citizens vote directly to make decisions.

The theory that all interests are and should be free to compete for influence in the government; the outcome of this competition is compromise and moderation.

Possessing information about the formal institutions of government, political actors, and political issues.

Using the internet and social media.

Citizens trust in their ability to change the government and believe that they can understand and influence political affairs.

The effect culture has on politics.

Freedom from government and control.

The right to participate in politics.

- "All men are created equal"

- "One person one vote"

A political structure where laws limit the powers of government.

A principle of democracy in which political authority rests ultimately in the hands of the people.

Antitax Americans blocked the unloading of taxed tea, resulting in its return to Britain. A group led by Samuel Adams boarded the 3 shiploads of unsold tea and threw it into the harbor.

The attempt to identify and put into words a history and set of principles to forge national unity. The government couldn't deprive people of certain "unalienable rights" (life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness)

Social contract theory: Argued that government needs the consent of the people.

America's first written constitution; served as the basis for American national government till 1789.

A former army captain led a mob of debt-ridden farmers in an effort to prevent foreclosures on their land.

Five slaves counted as three people.

The supreme law of the USA.

The legislative, executive, and judicial functions of government are divided among separate and independent branches.

A body of citizens entitled to elect a representative. (as to a legislative or executive office)

System of shared powers, divided between a central government and the state government.

The first 10 amendments; ensures certain rights and liberties to the people.

The principle source of the theory of separation of powers.

Specific powers granted by the constitution to congress and the president.

Political powers granted to the United States government that aren't explicitly stated in the Constitution.

Provides each branch of government with individual powers to check the other branches and prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful.

House and senate.

Judicial review is the idea, fundamental to the U.S. system of government, that the actions of the executive and legislative branches of government are subject to review and possible invalidation by the judiciary.

It establishes that the federal constitution, and federal law generally, take precedence over state laws, and even state constitutions.

The party favored centralization, federalism, modernization, industrialization, and protectionism.

Opposed the ratification of the 1787 U.S. Constitution because they feared that the new national government would be too powerful and thus threaten individual liberties, given the absence of a bill of rights.

The Federalist Papers is a collection of 85 articles and essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay under the collective pseudonym "Publius" to promote the ratification of the Constitution of the United States.

A nation under a cruel and oppressive government.

Minor change or addition designed to improve a text, piece of legislation, etc.

Protections from improper government action.

A court order demanding that an individual in custody be brought into court and shown the course for detention.

The U.S. Supreme Court began applying the Bill of Rights to state actions.

The process by which different protections in the Bill of Rights were incorporated into the 14th amendment, guaranteeing citizens protection from state as well as national governments.

Freedom of religion.

The government can't impose religion on anyone.

Freedom to practice one's own religion.

Test to find out if a religious school can get aide.

- Cannot be used for religious purposes

- Cannot encourage or discourage religion

- Cannot entangle the government in religion

The ability to challenge government through speech with no punishment.

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Not protected and likely to face consequences.

A written statement that is considered damaging to a victim.

An oral statement that is considered damaging to the victim.

The right to bear arms.

Due process balances the power of law of the land and protects the individual person from it.

A procedural defense that prevents an accused person from being tried again on the same (or similar) charges.

Law that prevents evidence collected or analyzed in violation of the defendant's constitutional rights from being used in a court of law.

The Miranda warning is a type of notification customarily given by police to criminal suspects in police custody advising them of their rights.

The power of the government to take private property and convert it into public use.

The right to privacy is an element of various legal traditions that intend to restrain governmental and private actions that threaten the privacy of individuals.

Granted more authority to federal law enforcement agencies. (creation of homeland security)