What are cells?
A working process of chemical reactions
What does organic mean?
Carbon containing
What are the 4 major types of biomolecules?
Carbs, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids
What are indicators?
The presence of a specific chemical by color change(positive result).
What is a carb?
It is made up of sugar and it provide substrates for cellular respiration for energy production.
What is a carbs general equation?
Cn H2n On
What is an example of a monosaccharide?
Glucose, fructose
What is an example of a disaccharide?
sucrose(table sugar), lactose(milk sugar)
What is carb condensation?
When 2 molecules combine to form on molecule with the loss of H2O. (glucose to sucrose).
What is carb hydrolysis?
When the water molecules are split into hydrogen and hydroxide ions. (Sucrose to glucose)
What does the benedicts reagent test for?
Reducing sugars
What does Lugol's test dectect?
Starch
What are lipids?
They are fats insoluble in water. They are used for energy and building cell structures.
What does Sudan IV test for?
Fats (lipids)
What do proteins do?
Perform a variety of functions and are the most diverse macromolecule.
What is the most basic unit of proteins?
amino acids
How many known amino acids are in proteins?
20
Know the structure of protein...
What is a peptide bond?
when amino acids are joined together form polypepetides
What does the buiret reagent test for?
Proteins because it reacts with peptide bonds
What does ninhydrin test for?
Amino acids - purple
with proline - yellow
What is the subunit of nucleic acids and give an example.
Nucleotides and an example is DNA and RNA.
What is qualitative vs quantitative data?
Qualitative - observational data (color change, sex, dead vs alive)
Quantitative - info measured by numbers (age, weight, height)