tissues
epithelial tissues, connective tissue, muscles tissue, nerve tissue
epithelial tissue
covers body, organs, lines cavities, secretory portions of glands.
connective tissue
most abundant, support, protect, an connect
muscle tissue
contraction, movement
nerve tissue
make and conduct nerve impulses, rapid coordinate
epithelial tissue
packed cells, basement membrane, no blood vessels, no nerve, great regeneration
epithelial classification
number of cell layers, shape of the cells
number of cell layers of epithelial classification
simple epithelial, stratified
simple epithelial
one cell layer
stratified
more than one cell layer
shape of cells
squamous, cuboidal, columnar, transitional
squamous
flat cells
cuboidal
cube shape
columnar
column
transitional
irregular cell
simple squamous epithelium
one layer of flat cell, diffusion and filtration
stratified squamous
more than one layer of flat cells, protection, skin
simple columnar and simple cuboidal
secretion and absorption
stratified
protection
transitional
always more than one cell layer, stretchable, urinary bladder
connective tissue
a few fibers cells, fibers, acellular substance called matrix
fibers of connective tissues
collagen fibers, elastic fibers, reticular fibers
collagen fibers
strength
elastic fibers
elasticity
reticular fibers
branched collagen, support
acellular substance
matrix
matrix
not a cell, is a chemical, contains protein
fibroblast
fiber making cells
used for classification
matrix
bone
connective with solid and hard matrix
cartilage
connective tissue with semisolid matrix
blood
connective tissue with liquid matrix
connective tissue proper includes
areolar connective tissue, adipose fat, fibrous connective tissue, elastic connective tissues
connective tissue proper
simple, connection
areolar connective tissue
big and jelly matrix, air bubbles, white blood cells
adipose tissue
fat
fibrous connective tissue
1) regular: tendons and ligaments 2) irregular: skin
elastic connective tissue
elastic fibers, elasticity, lungs
specialized connective tissue
bone, cartilage, blood
bone
...
elastic cartilage
elastic fiber, elacity, ear, epiglottis
fibrocartilage
collagen fibers, strength, discs between vertebrae
hayline cartilage
the abundant cartilage no fiber
cartilage
hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, fibrocartilage
muscle tissue
skeletal muscles, cardiac muscles, smooth muscles
skeletal muscle
attached to bone, voluntary, striation, long fibers, parallel with peripherally multiple nuclei
cardiac muscle
heart, involuntary, striation, fibers are branched with one nucleus, intercalated disks
smooth muscles
wall of the hollow organs, no striation, involuntary, and each fiber has one nucleus.
nerve tissue:
brain, spinal cord, nerves
nerve tissues include
neurons, neuroglial cells
neurons
main cells and make and conduct nerve impulses
neuroglial cells
supporting cells
integumentary system organs
skins, nails, hair, sweat glands, oil glands
integumentary functions
protection, vitamin d production, temperature adjustment, excretion releasing oil and sweat, and absorption: fat-soluble substances
stratum cotneum
dead cells slough off. protect against infection, cells are filled with keratin
stratum lucidum
clear layer, pals and sole
stratum basale, stratum germinatvum
ability of mitosis
epidermis
the top layer of the skin, stratified squamous epithelium, protects against
dermis, thich
middle layer, fibrous connective tissue, contain all skin appendages, collagen and elastic fiber, has blood vessels and nerves
responsible for stength and elasticity of the skin.
hypodermis
deepest layer, subcutaneous fatty tissue, fat and fibers and big blood vessels and nerves
hypodermis function
connects to underlying muscles
keratin
protein, makes skin water proof, makes skin resistant to abrasion, released by keratinocytes
keratin epidermis
...
skin color
melanin: brown, black pigments
melanocytes: melanin making cells
skin color function
absorbs uv rays of sunlight
carotene
yellowish
hemoglobin
red, inside of red blood cells
hemoglobin function
o2 transportation
hair dead epidemral cells
hair shaft, hair root, hair follicle, arrector pill muscle
hair shaft
visible part of hair
hair root
invisible part of hair located in hair follicle
hair follicles
inward tube enclosed hair root
arrector pill muscle
goosebumps
nails
nail body , nail root, nail bed, cuticle
nails body
visible part of the nail
nail root
invisible part of the nail
nail bed
connect tissue underneath of the nails, pink, bluish: cyanosis (lack of o2)