Motivation
Motivation is the reason why employees work hard and effectively for a business
Autocratic Leadership
Leader makes all decisions, one way communication
Bonus
an extra reward given to employees for reaching a certain target
Commission
salespeople are given a % of the selling price if they make a sale. employees get rewarded with a % of the firms profits annually
Delegation
Passing responsibility to subordinates to complete tasks
Democratic leadership
Leader consults with employees before making decision - two way communication
Discrimination
Treating an employee differently because of age, ethnicity, gender,
Dismissal
End of employement due to underperformance or breaking company regulations
Functions of management
Planning, Commanding, Controlling, Organising and co-ordinating
Herzberg's Hygiene Factors
"basic employee needs which must be fulfilled before employees can be motivated
Induction training
Training to familairise new employees with the workplace, co workers and procedures
Job enrichment
employees are given additional responsibility in their day to day tasks which often involved more training or development.
Job rotation
employees switch simple tasks for a short time.
Labour productivity
Labour productivity – output per worker measured by Output/no. of workers
Labour turnover
is the amount of employees leaving a business in a year and is calculated as a share of the total workforce
Lassez-Faire Leadership
A "hand's off" approach to leadership where most decisions and responisbility are delegated to employeeds
Legal Minimum Wage
Government sets the lowest pay rate for workers within a country
Maslow's Hierarchy of needs
ranked human needs in order from survival needs to self actualisation
Off the job training
Training off site at a college or specialist training location
On the job training
Training at the workplace under the direction of an experienced employee
Opportunities for promotion
Employees are given a position of higher responsibility and/or status in an organisation
Recruitment and Selection
Finding and choosing the correct candidate for the vacant job post
Salary
fixed payment usually paid monthly
Span of control
No of subordinates who report to each manager/supervisor
Taylor
viewed workers as machines – they more you pay they harder they will work.
Team working
– group of employees are given responsibility for a specific project, department or unit of work.
Trade Union
Organisation of employees who aim to improve the pay and conditions of their members
Training
improving the knowledge and skills of employees so they perform their jobs more effectively.
Unfair dismissal
Ending a work contract without proper or legal justification.
Wages
payment for work, usually paid weekly
External recruitment
Hiring an employee for a post not currently employed by the business
Internal recruitment
Hiring an employee for a post currently employed by the business in another post
Redundancy
Losing employment as the postion no longer exists - for example after a factory is closed
Mintzberg's Roles of Management,
Mintzberg identified 10 roles common to all managers under three categories, interpersonal, informational and decisional roles
McGregor's Leadership Roles,
Management attitudes to employees - theory X sees employees as lazy and irresponsible, theory y as hardworking and responsible
Mayo,
Recommended working in teams, greater consultation between workers and managers and allowing greater control over the daily lives of employees to improve motivation
McClelland/Vroom Expectancy Theory,
Expectancy theory based on valence, expectancy and instrumentality connecting employee efforts to rewards in order to improve motivation.
Performance Related Pay,
A bonus scheme used to motivate employees for above average performance
Emotional Intelligence,
managers ability to understand their own emotions and those around them, leading to attaining business objectives.
Worker participation,
o any process in the company that allows workers to exert influence over their work or their working conditions.
Job Redesign,
Restructuring the elements including tasks, duties and responsibilities of a specific job in order to make it more encouraging and inspiring for the employees or
Empowerment,
delegation of some authority and responsibility to employees and involving them in the decision-making process
Fringe benefit,
an extra benefit in addition to an employee's money wage or salary, for example a company car, private healthcare, etc.
Job description,
Duties and responsibilities of a postion
Person specifications,
description of the qualifications, skills, experience, knowledge and other attributes (selection criteria) which a candidate must possess to perform the job duties.
Contract of employment,
A contract is an agreement between employee and employer setting out terms and conditions of a job.
Staff morale,
attitude, satisfaction and overall outlook of employees towards an organization or a business.
Diversity and equality policies,
outlines how a business will avoid discrimination against employees, and create a safe and inclusive workplace