Chapter 17-Deuterostomes

What is this species Phylum and SubPhylum? What is this species called?

Phylum Chordata

SubPhylum Cephalochordata

Lancelet

Chapter 17- Deuterostomes

Find:

The mouth

The tentacles

The Notochord

The Dorsal Fin

The Pharynx Gills

The Nerve Cord

The Myomeres

The Intestine

Chapter 17- Deuterostomes

Find these stages in Starfish Development:

Unfertilized Egg

Fertilized Envelope

Four Cell Staged Embryo

Blastula

Gastrula

Chapter 17- Deuterostomes

Identify Blastomere and Blastocoel

Know the stages to Gastrulation

Chapter 17- Deuterostomes

What is the difference between early and late blastulas?

Early blastulas are bundles of cells, later blastulas are divided and have smaller more abundant cells.

Chapter 17- Deuterostomes

Bipinnaria Larva (Starfish) display what type of Symmetry?

Bilateral

Chapter 17- Deuterostomes

What are the benefits of the holes in the urchin shell?

Tube feet are within allowing for movement and stabilization.

Chapter 17- Deuterostomes

How are tube feet effective?

There are multiple amounts of them that work together to form a strong suction.

Chapter 17- Deuterostomes

What organisms are Echinodermata?

Asteroidea (Starfish)

Ophiuroidea (Brittle Stars)

Crinoidea (Feather Stars, Sea Lilies)

Echinoidea (Sea Urchins and Sand Dollars)

Holothuroid (Sea Cucumbers)

Chapter 17- Deuterostomes

Identify the Mouth, Tube feet, Ampulla, Madreporite, Radial Nerve, and Neural Ring

Chapter 17- Deuterostomes

What is this an image of?

Tunicate Larva

Chapter 17- Deuterostomes

What is the pathway for a Tunicate to filter water?

Incurrent Siphon

Atrium

Stomach

Intestine

Excurrent Siphon

Chapter 17- Deuterostomes

What appendages of a perch is similar to other organisms?

Pectoral Fins

Pelvic Fins

Chapter 17- Deuterostomes

What are the three subphyla of Chordata?

Urochordata (Tunicates)

Cephalochordata (Lancelets)

Vertebrata (Frogs, Perch, Seahorse, other Fish)

Chapter 17- Deuterostomes

All Chordates have?

a notochord

pharyngeal gill slits

a dorsal hollow nerve cord

a post-anal tail

Identify Kidney, Gill Filaments, Heat, Liver, Stomach, Intestine, Swim Bladder, Gonad, Vent

Identify Anterior Fin, Posterior Dorsal Fin, Anal Fin, Pectoral Fin, Pelvic Fin

Chapter 17- Deuterostomes

A perch brain is made up of what?

Olfactory Bulb

Olfactory Lobe

Cerebrum

Optic Lobe

Cerebellum

Medulla

Chapter 18- Histology

Identify Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis, Hair Follicles, Sebaceous Glands, sweat glands, sweat glands, and adipose tissue

Chapter 18- Histology

What is this cell?

Cardiac Muscle

Chapter 18- Histology

This is an image of? What layer of muscle covers it?

Frog Intestine

Smooth Muscle

Chapter 18- Histology

What is this cell?

Smooth Muscle

Chapter 18- Histology

What is this cell? What makes up these cells?

Nervous Tissue

Neurons (nucleus, cell body, axons, dendrites) & Gila

Chapter 18- Histology

Identify these parts of frog skin: Epidermis (Stratified Squamous Epithelium), Dermis, Chromatophores, Mucous Glands, poisons glands

Chapter 18- Histology

What cell is this?

Human Skin

Chapter 18- Histology

What cell is this?

Skeletal Muscle

Chapter 18- Histology

What is this cell?

Frog Leukocytes

Chapter 18- Histology

What cells are these?

Human Blood Cells

Chapter 18- Histology

What is this an image of?

Cartilage

Chapter 18- Histology

What are these cells?

Human Cheek Cells

Chapter 18- Histology

What is this an image of? Identify Lumen, Columnar Epithelial tissue, nucleus.

Frog Kidney

Center= Lumen

Outer tissue= Columnar Epithelial

Dots= Nucleus

Chapter 18- Histology

What is this an image of?

Frog Intestine

Chapter 18- Histology

What cell is this? Identify the Haversian Canal, lacunae, matrix, canaliculi

Bone

Chapter 18- Histology

Checks Cells are?

Stratified Squamous

Chapter 18- Histology

Types of Cells?

Simple Squamous

Simple Cuboidal

Simple Columnar

Stratified Squamous (Keratinized or not)

Chapter 18- Histology

What are red blood cells called?

What are bone cells called?

Erythrocytes

Chondrocytes

Chapter 18- Histology

What determines a frogs green color?

Chromatophores

Chapter 19- Anatomy of a Frog

Be able to Identify: Cloacal Aperture, External nares, Tympanic membrane

Cloacal Aperture- Butt Hole

External nares- nose

Tympanic membrane- side of head

Chapter 18- Anatomy of a Frog

What is special about frog skin?

It is used as a respiratory surface

Chapter 18- Anatomy of a Frog

What hole is located directly behind the tongue of a frog?

Glottis

Chapter 18- Anatomy of a Frog

What muscles are used?

Flexion of leg at knee?

Extension of leg at knee?

Flexion of foot at ankle?

Extension of foot at ankle?

Legs coming together?

Semimembranosus, Gracilis minor

Triceps Femoris

Peroneus

Gastrocnemius

Sartorius, Adductors, Gracilis Major

Chapter 18- Anatomy of a Frog

Describe how Frogs breathe?

Through skin

Start through nostrils, Buccal Cavity Expands, Nostrils close, Buccal Cavity (Contracts), Glottis opens, lungs expand, Glottis closes, oxygen distributed

Chapter 18- Anatomy of a Frog

What is the endoskeleton divided into?

Axial skeleton, and appendicular skeleton

Chapter 18- Anatomy of a Frog

Flexors:

Extensors:

Adductors:

Abductors:

Bend

Straighten

Toward Midline

Away from Midline

Chapter 18- Anatomy of a Frog

Be able to identify: Fat Bodies, Eggs or Testis, Intestine, Oviduct& Uterus if (Female), Cloaca, Kidney, Bladder, Lungs, Liver, Heart, Stomach, Small intestine, Spleen, Pancreas, Esophahus

Chapter 18- Anatomy of a Frog

Identify the Bones

Chapter 18- Anatomy of a Frog

Study This and know it.

Chapter 18- Anatomy of a Frog

Know these muscles (NOT 1,2,5)

3.Tricep Femoris

4. Semimembranosus

6.Gastrocnemius

Chapter 18- Anatomy of a Frog

Know these muscles (NOT 2,3)

1. Sartorius

4. Adductors

5. Gracilis Major

6. Gracilis Minor

Chapter 18- Anatomy of a Frog

Circulatory System is divided into what?

Pulmonary Circuit (Out of Heart)

Systemic Circuit (In the Heart)

Chapter 18- Anatomy of a Frog

Know parts of Frog Heart

Chapter 20- Ecology

Levels of Consumers?

Quaternary (Humans)

Tertiary (Carnivores)

Secondary (Carnivores)

Primary (Herbivores)

Decomposers (Bacterias, and Fungi) (Omnivores)

Producers (Photosynthetic Plants, Algae, Bacteria)

Chapter 20- Ecology

Abiotic Factors

Biotic Factors

Light, Temperature, Oxygen Level, Precipitation, Soil

Producers, Consumers, Decomposers

Chapter 20- Ecology

Define these:

Benthic zone

Pelagic Zone

Littoral Zone

Limnetic Zone

Profundal Zone

Bottom of a lake

Open Water

Shallow region along a shore(Photic)

Layer of water where light penetrates (Photic)

Water where light doesn't Penetrate (Aphotic)

Chapter 20- Ecology

Species Diversity

Species Richness

Relative Abundence

Species in that community

Number of species in the community

Number of individuals of a specific species

Chapter 20 -Ecology

Simpsons Dominance index

Add up all proportions and square each

Chapter 20- Ecology

Simpsons Diversity Index

1- Simpson dominance index