Water rights to a water supply that is acquired for the beneficial use of water by following a specific legal procedure are called?

Appropriative

A natural underground layer of porous, water-bearing materials usually capable of yielding a large amount of water is called?

Aquifer

A connection between a drinking water system and an unapproved or nonpotable water supply is called?

Crossconnection

The theoretical time it takes for a small amount of water to pass though a tank at a given flow rate is called?

Detention Time

The drop in the water table or level of water in the ground when water is being pumped is called?

Drawdown

When is the drawdown taken?

When the pump is running

What do you call the process by which water becomes a gas?

Evaporation

The process by which water vapor passes into the atmosphere from living plants is called?

Evapotranspiration or Transpiration

The actual time in hours, minutes, or seconds that a small amount of water is in a basin or tank is called?

Detention Time

A detailed description of all underground features discovered during the drilling of a well is called?

Geological Log

What do you call the process of evaporation of water into the air and its return to earth by precipitation?

Hydrologic Cycle

Water that contains objectionable pollution, contamination, minerals, or infective agents is called?

Nonpotable Water

Water that is free from objectionable tastes, odors, color, and turbidity and is at a desirable temperature is called?

Palatable Water

Disease causing organisms are called?

Pathogens

Water that does not contain objectionable pollution, contamination, minerals, or infective agents and is considered safe to drink is called?

Potable

Water rights which are acquired by diverting water and putting it to use in accordance with specified procedures are called?

Prescriptive Rights

Water rights which are acquired together with title to the land bordering a source of surface water are called?

Riparian Rights

When was the Safe Drinking Water Act put into law?

1974

When was the SDWA last amended?

1996

The annual quantity of water that can be taken from a source of supply over a period of years without depleting the source permanently is called?

Safe Yield

A condition that occurs in water tanks or basins that causes the water entering the tank to flow on a direct path from the inlet to the outlet is called?

Short-Circuiting

What is one method of fixing the problem in question 21?

Question 21:

A condition that occurs in water tanks or basins that causes the water entering the tank to flow on a direct path from the inlet to the outlet is called?

Adding Baffles to the tank or basin

The formation of separate layers of temperature, plant, or animal life in a lake or reservoir is called?

Stratification

The cloudy appearance of water caused by the presence of suspended and
colloidal matter is called?

Turbidity

Nephelometric units are used to measure what parameter?

Turbidity

What is the upper surface of the zone of saturation of groundwater in an unconfined aquifer called?

Water Table

The quantity of water that can be collected for a given use from surface or groundwater sources is called?

Yield

Approximately how many feet of water evaporate annually from oceans?

6 feet

What percent of treated water has groundwater as its supply source?

25%

What percent of treated water has surface water as its supply source?

75%

When do reservoirs or lakes destratify?

Spring or fall

Do algal blooms occur during the winter?

Yes, but are less likely to occur.

The porous material just above the water table containing water is called?

Capillary Fringe

A branch of medicine which studies epidemics is called?

Epidemiology

The largest cause of water borne illnesses in the United States is?

Cross Connection

Name five physical characteristics of water?

Color, Taste, Odors, Turbidity, and Temperature

A water system that has at least 15 service connections or regularly serves an average of at least 25 individuals daily at least 60 days of the year is called?

Public Water System

A water system that has at least 15 service connections used by year round residents or regularly serves at least 25 year round residents is called?

Community Water System

Any public water system that is not a community water system is classified as a?

Non-Community Water System

The three basic objectives of a WTP operator are?

Produce potable and palatable water at a reasonable cost

What is the first priority for operating a water treatment?

Production of potable water free of harmful bacteria and toxic materials; if that answer is not a choice then health and welfare of the consumer

The gathering of a liquid or gas on the surface or interface zone of another material is called?

ADSORPTION

What do you call an electrical system designed to prevent rust, corrosion, or pitting of metallic surfaces that are in contact with water or soil?

Cathodic Protection

What is the indicator organism that is found in the intestines of warm blooded animals including man and also in plants, soil, air, and water?

Coliform

The development of vertical mixing within a lake or reservoir to eliminate separate layers of temperature, plant, or animal life is called?

Destratification

In direct filtration, which treatment process is omitted?

Sedimentation

Reservoirs and lakes that are rich in nutrients and very productive in terms of aquatic animal and plant life are called?

Eutrophic

The vertical distance in feet equal to the pressure (PSI) at a specific point is called?

Head

What do you call the lowest layer in a thermally stratified lake of reservoir?

Hypolimnion

What do you call the portion of a body of fresh water extending from the shoreline lakeward to the limit of occupancy of rooted plant life?

Littoral Zone

What is the strip of land along the shoreline between the high and low water
levels?

Littoral Zone

A reservoir or lake that has a moderate amount of nutrients is called?

Mesotrophic

Methyl Orange is used to measure what water parameter?

Alkalinity

What is the middle layer of a thermally stratified lake or reservoir called?

Metalimnion or Thermocline

Lakes and reservoirs that do not freeze during the winter and are relatively deep and generally undergo a single stratification and mixing cycle are called?

Monomictic

Lakes and reservoirs that are nutrient poor and contain little plant or aquatic plant or animal life are called?

Oligotrophic

What do you call the spontaneous mixing of all layers of water in a thermally stratified lake or reservoir?

Destratification; Overturn; Turnover

What term is used to express the intensity of the basic or acidic condition of water (liquid)?

pH

The logarithm (base ten) of the reciprocal of the hydrogen ion activity is called?

pH

What is the numerical range of pH?

0-14

What do you call the process by which organisms with the aid of chlorophyll (green plant enzyme) convert carbon dioxide (CO₂) and inorganic substances into oxygen and additional plant material, using sunlight for energy?

Photosynthesis

What compounds react with chlorine to form THMs?

Naturally occurring volatile organics

Why is air added to a lake or reservoir?

To replenish DO

A flat, white disc lowered into water by a rope until it is just barely visible is called?

Secchi Disc

The point at which the Secchi Disc is barely visible is called?

Secchi Disc Transparency

The minimum odor of a water sample that can be detected after successive dilutions with odorless water is called?

Threshold Odor Number (TON)

The greatest dilution of a sample with odor free water that still yields a just- detectable odor is called?

The greatest dilution of a sample with odor free water that still yields a just- detectable odor is called?

Small, usually microscopic animals (such as protozoans) found in lakes and reservoirs are called?

Zooplankton

What change takes place in a lake or reservoir during day time when there is an algal bloom?

pH goes up

After sundown, what change takes place in a lake or reservoir that has experienced an algal bloom?

pH goes down

When is the pH at its lowest level in a lake or reservoir?

Just before sunrise (5 AM, 6 AM)

After sundown, plants give off carbon dioxide which drastically reduces the dissolved oxygen level in a lake or reservoir. The oxygen depletion can cause
what event?

Fish kill

Regulations enacted for land areas that surround a source of water are called?

Watershed

What is another name for copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO₄ 5 H₂0)?

Bluestone

What affects the efficiency of bluestone?

Alkalinity, pH, suspended matter, water temperature

If the total alkalinity of a lake or reservoir is less than 50 mg/L, the effective dosage of copper sulfate is?

0.9 lb/acre-foot

If the total alkalinity of a lake or reservoir is more than 50 mg/L, the effective dosage of copper sulfate is?

5.0 lbs/acre-foot

Which acid when added to bluestone, will delay the precipitation of copper sulfate from the bluestone solution?

Aliphatic Hydroxy Acid (such as citric acid)

What term is used to define a well or underground basin, in which the water is under pressure greater than atmospheric and will rise above the level of its upper confining surface if given the opportunity?

Artesian

When is the drawdown of a well taken?

When the pump is running

What term is used to define a detailed evaluation and/or inspection of a source of water supply and all conveyances, storage, treatment and distribution facilities to ensure protection of the water supply from all pollution sources?

Sanitary Survey

The gathering of a gas or liquid on the surface or interface zone of another material is called?

Adsorption

What do you call small, usually microscopic plants, such as algae, found in lakes and reservoirs?

Phytoplankton

What do you call small, usually microscopic animals (such as protozoans) found in lakes or reservoirs?

Zooplankton

When a reservoir freezes, what action is necessary to protect structures and embankments?

Lower the reservoir water level

When a reservoir freezes, ball floats for level control become virtually useless. What other level device en be used in place of the ball floats?

Bubbler tube or manometer

To protect the bubbler tube from ice formation, the tube should be equipped with what device?

Pyrotenax Cable (heating tape

What type of device is usually used for withdrawing water from a lake or reservoir?

Multilevel Intake

Lakes or reservoirs are classified according to what parameter?

Depth

What type of lakes or reservoirs are operators more likely to encounter?

2nd Order Classification

What is the purpose of a screen or trash rack on a multilevel intake structure?

Prevent fish, leaves, debris, etc from entering the WTP

How can you minimize the entrance of silt into the intake system of a reservoir?

Install Baffles