front 1 Water rights to a water supply that is acquired for the beneficial use of water by following a specific legal procedure are called? | back 1 Appropriative |
front 2 A natural underground layer of porous, water-bearing materials usually capable of yielding a large amount of water is called? | back 2 Aquifer |
front 3 A connection between a drinking water system and an unapproved or nonpotable water supply is called? | back 3 Crossconnection |
front 4 The theoretical time it takes for a small amount of water to pass though a tank at a given flow rate is called? | back 4 Detention Time |
front 5 The drop in the water table or level of water in the ground when water is being pumped is called? | back 5 Drawdown |
front 6 When is the drawdown taken? | back 6 When the pump is running |
front 7 What do you call the process by which water becomes a gas? | back 7 Evaporation |
front 8 The process by which water vapor passes into the atmosphere from living plants is called? | back 8 Evapotranspiration or Transpiration |
front 9 The actual time in hours, minutes, or seconds that a small amount of water is in a basin or tank is called? | back 9 Detention Time |
front 10 A detailed description of all underground features discovered during the drilling of a well is called? | back 10 Geological Log |
front 11 What do you call the process of evaporation of water into the air and its return to earth by precipitation? | back 11 Hydrologic Cycle |
front 12 Water that contains objectionable pollution, contamination, minerals, or infective agents is called? | back 12 Nonpotable Water |
front 13 Water that is free from objectionable tastes, odors, color, and turbidity and is at a desirable temperature is called? | back 13 Palatable Water |
front 14 Disease causing organisms are called? | back 14 Pathogens |
front 15 Water that does not contain objectionable pollution, contamination, minerals, or infective agents and is considered safe to drink is called? | back 15 Potable |
front 16 Water rights which are acquired by diverting water and putting it to use in accordance with specified procedures are called? | back 16 Prescriptive Rights |
front 17 Water rights which are acquired together with title to the land bordering a source of surface water are called? | back 17 Riparian Rights |
front 18 When was the Safe Drinking Water Act put into law? | back 18 1974 |
front 19 When was the SDWA last amended? | back 19 1996 |
front 20 The annual quantity of water that can be taken from a source of supply over a period of years without depleting the source permanently is called? | back 20 Safe Yield |
front 21 A condition that occurs in water tanks or basins that causes the water entering the tank to flow on a direct path from the inlet to the outlet is called? | back 21 Short-Circuiting |
front 22 What is one method of fixing the problem in question 21? Question 21: A condition that occurs in water tanks or basins that causes the water entering the tank to flow on a direct path from the inlet to the outlet is called? | back 22 Adding Baffles to the tank or basin |
front 23 The formation of separate layers of temperature, plant, or animal life in a lake or reservoir is called? | back 23 Stratification |
front 24 The cloudy appearance of water caused by the presence of suspended
and | back 24 Turbidity |
front 25 Nephelometric units are used to measure what parameter? | back 25 Turbidity |
front 26 What is the upper surface of the zone of saturation of groundwater in an unconfined aquifer called? | back 26 Water Table |
front 27 The quantity of water that can be collected for a given use from surface or groundwater sources is called? | back 27 Yield |
front 28 Approximately how many feet of water evaporate annually from oceans? | back 28 6 feet |
front 29 What percent of treated water has groundwater as its supply source? | back 29 25% |
front 30 What percent of treated water has surface water as its supply source? | back 30 75% |
front 31 When do reservoirs or lakes destratify? | back 31 Spring or fall |
front 32 Do algal blooms occur during the winter? | back 32 Yes, but are less likely to occur. |
front 33 The porous material just above the water table containing water is called? | back 33 Capillary Fringe |
front 34 A branch of medicine which studies epidemics is called? | back 34 Epidemiology |
front 35 The largest cause of water borne illnesses in the United States is? | back 35 Cross Connection |
front 36 Name five physical characteristics of water? | back 36 Color, Taste, Odors, Turbidity, and Temperature |
front 37 A water system that has at least 15 service connections or regularly serves an average of at least 25 individuals daily at least 60 days of the year is called? | back 37 Public Water System |
front 38 A water system that has at least 15 service connections used by year round residents or regularly serves at least 25 year round residents is called? | back 38 Community Water System |
front 39 Any public water system that is not a community water system is classified as a? | back 39 Non-Community Water System |
front 40 The three basic objectives of a WTP operator are? | back 40 Produce potable and palatable water at a reasonable cost |
front 41 What is the first priority for operating a water treatment? | back 41 Production of potable water free of harmful bacteria and toxic materials; if that answer is not a choice then health and welfare of the consumer |
front 42 The gathering of a liquid or gas on the surface or interface zone of another material is called? | back 42 ADSORPTION |
front 43 What do you call an electrical system designed to prevent rust, corrosion, or pitting of metallic surfaces that are in contact with water or soil? | back 43 Cathodic Protection |
front 44 What is the indicator organism that is found in the intestines of warm blooded animals including man and also in plants, soil, air, and water? | back 44 Coliform |
front 45 The development of vertical mixing within a lake or reservoir to eliminate separate layers of temperature, plant, or animal life is called? | back 45 Destratification |
front 46 In direct filtration, which treatment process is omitted? | back 46 Sedimentation |
front 47 Reservoirs and lakes that are rich in nutrients and very productive in terms of aquatic animal and plant life are called? | back 47 Eutrophic |
front 48 The vertical distance in feet equal to the pressure (PSI) at a specific point is called? | back 48 Head |
front 49 What do you call the lowest layer in a thermally stratified lake of reservoir? | back 49 Hypolimnion |
front 50 What do you call the portion of a body of fresh water extending from the shoreline lakeward to the limit of occupancy of rooted plant life? | back 50 Littoral Zone |
front 51 What is the strip of land along the shoreline between the high and
low water | back 51 Littoral Zone |
front 52 A reservoir or lake that has a moderate amount of nutrients is called? | back 52 Mesotrophic |
front 53 Methyl Orange is used to measure what water parameter? | back 53 Alkalinity |
front 54 What is the middle layer of a thermally stratified lake or reservoir called? | back 54 Metalimnion or Thermocline |
front 55 Lakes and reservoirs that do not freeze during the winter and are relatively deep and generally undergo a single stratification and mixing cycle are called? | back 55 Monomictic |
front 56 Lakes and reservoirs that are nutrient poor and contain little plant or aquatic plant or animal life are called? | back 56 Oligotrophic |
front 57 What do you call the spontaneous mixing of all layers of water in a thermally stratified lake or reservoir? | back 57 Destratification; Overturn; Turnover |
front 58 What term is used to express the intensity of the basic or acidic condition of water (liquid)? | back 58 pH |
front 59 The logarithm (base ten) of the reciprocal of the hydrogen ion activity is called? | back 59 pH |
front 60 What is the numerical range of pH? | back 60 0-14 |
front 61 What do you call the process by which organisms with the aid of chlorophyll (green plant enzyme) convert carbon dioxide (CO₂) and inorganic substances into oxygen and additional plant material, using sunlight for energy? | back 61 Photosynthesis |
front 62 What compounds react with chlorine to form THMs? | back 62 Naturally occurring volatile organics |
front 63 Why is air added to a lake or reservoir? | back 63 To replenish DO |
front 64 A flat, white disc lowered into water by a rope until it is just barely visible is called? | back 64 Secchi Disc |
front 65 The point at which the Secchi Disc is barely visible is called? | back 65 Secchi Disc Transparency |
front 66 The minimum odor of a water sample that can be detected after successive dilutions with odorless water is called? | back 66 Threshold Odor Number (TON) |
front 67 The greatest dilution of a sample with odor free water that still yields a just- detectable odor is called? | back 67 The greatest dilution of a sample with odor free water that still yields a just- detectable odor is called? |
front 68 Small, usually microscopic animals (such as protozoans) found in lakes and reservoirs are called? | back 68 Zooplankton |
front 69 What change takes place in a lake or reservoir during day time when there is an algal bloom? | back 69 pH goes up |
front 70 After sundown, what change takes place in a lake or reservoir that has experienced an algal bloom? | back 70 pH goes down |
front 71 When is the pH at its lowest level in a lake or reservoir? | back 71 Just before sunrise (5 AM, 6 AM) |
front 72 After sundown, plants give off carbon dioxide which drastically
reduces the dissolved oxygen level in a lake or reservoir. The oxygen
depletion can cause | back 72 Fish kill |
front 73 Regulations enacted for land areas that surround a source of water are called? | back 73 Watershed |
front 74 What is another name for copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO₄ 5 H₂0)? | back 74 Bluestone |
front 75 What affects the efficiency of bluestone? | back 75 Alkalinity, pH, suspended matter, water temperature |
front 76 If the total alkalinity of a lake or reservoir is less than 50 mg/L, the effective dosage of copper sulfate is? | back 76 0.9 lb/acre-foot |
front 77 If the total alkalinity of a lake or reservoir is more than 50 mg/L, the effective dosage of copper sulfate is? | back 77 5.0 lbs/acre-foot |
front 78 Which acid when added to bluestone, will delay the precipitation of copper sulfate from the bluestone solution? | back 78 Aliphatic Hydroxy Acid (such as citric acid) |
front 79 What term is used to define a well or underground basin, in which the water is under pressure greater than atmospheric and will rise above the level of its upper confining surface if given the opportunity? | back 79 Artesian |
front 80 When is the drawdown of a well taken? | back 80 When the pump is running |
front 81 What term is used to define a detailed evaluation and/or inspection of a source of water supply and all conveyances, storage, treatment and distribution facilities to ensure protection of the water supply from all pollution sources? | back 81 Sanitary Survey |
front 82 The gathering of a gas or liquid on the surface or interface zone of another material is called? | back 82 Adsorption |
front 83 What do you call small, usually microscopic plants, such as algae, found in lakes and reservoirs? | back 83 Phytoplankton |
front 84 What do you call small, usually microscopic animals (such as protozoans) found in lakes or reservoirs? | back 84 Zooplankton |
front 85 When a reservoir freezes, what action is necessary to protect structures and embankments? | back 85 Lower the reservoir water level |
front 86 When a reservoir freezes, ball floats for level control become virtually useless. What other level device en be used in place of the ball floats? | back 86 Bubbler tube or manometer |
front 87 To protect the bubbler tube from ice formation, the tube should be equipped with what device? | back 87 Pyrotenax Cable (heating tape |
front 88 What type of device is usually used for withdrawing water from a lake or reservoir? | back 88 Multilevel Intake |
front 89 Lakes or reservoirs are classified according to what parameter? | back 89 Depth |
front 90 What type of lakes or reservoirs are operators more likely to encounter? | back 90 2nd Order Classification |
front 91 What is the purpose of a screen or trash rack on a multilevel intake structure? | back 91 Prevent fish, leaves, debris, etc from entering the WTP |
front 92 How can you minimize the entrance of silt into the intake system of a reservoir? | back 92 Install Baffles |