disorders of the pituitary gland include

• tumors
• hypofunction
• hyperfunction
• damage to gland (trauma)

pituitary tumors (usually benign tumors)

S/S:

• local- on brain, can cause visual problems
• systemic- vague and slow to progress, personality changes

treatment for pituitary tumors

transsphernoidal hypophysectomy (removing the pituitary gland)

-going into the nose, into the pituitary gland

hypophysectomy :

post op care

neuro checks (making sure nothings changing-ex: speech)

-monitor for bleeding

-monitor the drainage (should be bloody/mucus)

-do not want to see clear drainage that would be CHS

Acromegaly

over secretion of growth hormone (GH)

-increase in bone size

-enlargement of facial features, hands and feet

Giantism (before puberty)

over secretion of GH in children

acromegaly most of caused by

pituitary tumors which secrete excess amounts of GH

acromegaly S/S

• changes in ring size
• change in shoe size
• enlargement of nose, jaw, brow, hands, feet
• protrusion of jaw and orbital ridges
• muscle weakness and joint pain

acromegaly diagnosis

lab test- hormone levels

acromegaly treatment

aimed at cause, hypophysectomy, and radiation

removing a hormone, a patient will need hormone replacement for the rest of their lives

(T/F)

true

decrease in GH

leads to short stature

Dwarfism

results in limited growth- congenital or from damage to the pituitary gland

Diabetes Insipids (DI)

does NOT have anything to do with blood sugars!

-decrease antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

-excretion of copious amounts of urine (excessive amount)

-can result in hypovolemic shock if untreated

diabetes inspipids (DI)

goal

replace fluid; electrolytes/hormone therapy

strict I&O and daily weights

(DI) high sodium

patient may present with seizures, headaches , excess thirst

SIADH

excessive amounts of ADH produced

-fluid retention -thick sticky urine

-can be caused by a tumor -overly hydrated

SIADH s/s

weight gain, edema, hyponatremia (to much sodium) , high blood pressure, NPO, have to give oral salt tablets

SIADH treatment

fluid restrictions, sodium chloride PO, diuretics

-monitor vital signs, daily weights, neuro checks

stick hourly I&O