OB-exam 1
what is the first menstrual period called?
menarche
episiotomy
cut the perineum to allow stretching at birth
vaginal vestibule- urethral meatus
exit for urine
shape of ovaries?
almond shape and size of a walnut
facts about ovaries
fallopian tubes
attached to the uterus
- curve over the ovaries with fingerlike projections called fimbrige capture the ovum (egg) as it is released from the ovary
Fallopian tubes : passage way
passage way for sperm to meet the ovum, site of fertilization safe, nourishing environment for the ovum or zygote
the upper part of the uterus is best for the fertilized ovum to implant due to it being the best for nourishing
(T/F)
true
mucosal lining has 4 functions
gynecoid
most favorable for vaginal delivery
platypelloid
unfavorable for vaginal delivery
follicular phase
first half of the cycle
follicular phase: hormones
luteal phase
last half of cycle
which is responsible for ovulation?
luteal phase (LH)
fibrinolysis
responsible for the prevention of clotting
MALE:
internal genitalia
decrease in sperm production is often due to the testes being to warm
vas deferens
this is what gets cut when getting a vasectomy
epididymis
stores sperm 2-10 days allowing them to mature
placenta and baby connect the umbilical cord in that umbilical cord is 2 ovaries and 1 vein
(T/F)
true
arteries carry waste and the vein carries the good stuff
(T/F)
true
3 temporary ducts
ductus arteriosis
diverts blood past the lungs
foreman ovale
allows blood to pass
ductus venosus
allow blood to pass to the inferior vena cava
DNA and Nucleous control cell function
the genes and chromosomes in the DNA determine individual traits
facts about DNA
women
XX
male
XY
Mitosis
continuous process
spermatogenesis
making of sperm
oogenesis
ovaries
fertilization
takes place in the outer third of the Fallopian tube, near the ovary
prior to fertilization, women should take what?
0.4 mg of folic acid
-to prevent neural tube defects
The egg ONLY survives how many hours?
12-24 hrs
how long does the sperm last?
5 days
(T/F)
only one to 10 sperm will reach the fallopian tube
true
HCG
the human chorionic gonadotropin is produced to support the development of the embryo
estrogen
takes care of the living for pregnancy
where does blood circulate through the placenta ?
vein
unoxygenated blood travels
through the umbilical vein and bypasses the liver via the ductous venosus
how long does it take for the foremen ovale to close
within 2 hours
how long does it take for ductus arteriosus to close
within 15 hurs
ductus venous closes when?
closes functionally when card is cut
embryo
second to eighth week of development
age of viability
when the fetus can survive outside of the mom
lowest age of viability
a fetal weight of 500 grams or a disgestation greater than 20-24 weeks
surfactant
within the outside of our lungs
- fetal lungs not produced until 25 weeks
betamathasone
to help develop lungs quickly
first trimester
1-12 weeks
second trimester
13-28 weeks
third trimester
29-40 weeks
what to avoid while pregnant
toxoplasmosis
can cause still birth, blind, hearing loss, seizures, learning disabilities
placenta
temp organ taht develops in the uterus during pregnancy
-function: allows exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste; also producing hormones. that support prgenacny
umbilical cord
cord oonecting the uterus to placenta, Ava, transports oxygen nutrients and waste
amontic fluid (bag of water)
aminon and chrion embraces surround the fetus and contain amniotic fluid fushions fetus, maintains temp, allows movement for growth and protects against infection
human placental lactogen
assists with milk productions
increases the mothers metabolism during pregnancy