What type of microbe is Bacillus anthracis?

Gram Positive Endospore Forming Bacteria

What type of microbe is Bacillus cereus?

Gram Positive Endospore Forming Bacteria

What type of microbe is Clostridium perfringens?

Gram Positive Endospore Forming Bacteria

What type of microbe is Staphylococcus aureus?

Gram Positive Bacteria

What type of microbe is Streptococcus pneumoniae?

Gram Positive Bacteria

What type of microbe is Streptococcus mutans?

Gram Positive Bacteria

What type of microbe is Yersinia pestis?

Gram Negative Bacteria

What type of microbe is Borrelia burgdorferi?

Gram Negative Bacteria

What type of microbe is Bartonella henselae?

Gram Negative Bacteria

What type of microbe is Rickettsia species?

Gram Negative Bacteria

What type of microbe is Helicobacter pylori?

Gram Negative Bacteria

What type of microbe is E. coli?

Gram Negative Bacteria

What type of microbe is Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

Gram Negative Bacteria

What type of microbe is Chlamydia trachomatis?

Gram Negative Bacteria

What type of microbe is Treponema pallidum?

Gram Negative Bacteria

What type of microbe is Haemophilus ducreyi?

Gram Negative Bacteria

What type of microbe is Epstein-Barr virus?

DNA Virus

What type of microbe is Hepatitis B virus?

DNA Virus

What type of microbe is Herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2?

DNA Virus

What type of microbe is Human papillomavirus?

DNA Virus

What type of microbe is Sars-CoV-2?

RNA Virus

What type of microbe is Yellow Fever virus?

RNA Virus

What type of microbe is Mumps virus?

RNA Virus

What type of microbe is Rotavirus?

RNA Virus

What type of microbe is Hepatitis A virus?

RNA Virus

What type of microbe is Hepatitis C virus?

RNA Virus

What type of microbe is HIV 1 and 2?

Retroviruses

What type of microbe is Giardia duodenalis?

Protozoa

What type of microbe is Trichomonas vaginalis?

Protozoa

What type of microbe is Enterobius vermicularis?

Helminths-Nematodes

What type of microbe is Taenia solium?

Helminths-Cestodes

What type of microbe is Fasciola hepatica?

Helminths-Trematodes

What type of microbe is Schistosoma mansoni, S. japonicum?

Helminths-Trematodes

What type of microbe is Schistosoma haematobium?

Helminths-Trematodes

What type of microbe is Candida albicans?

Fungi

What disease does this microbe cause: Bacillus Anthracis?

Anthrax

What disease does this microbe cause: Bacillus cereus?

Food Poisoning

What disease does this microbe cause: Clostridium perfingens?

Food Poisoning

What disease does this microbe cause: Staphylococcus aureus?

Acute Endocarditis and Food Poisoning

What disease does this microbe cause: Streptococcus pnuemonia?

Acute Endocarditis

What disease does this microbe cause: Streptococcus mutans?

Dental caries

What disease does this microbe cause: Yersinia pestis?

Plague

What disease does this microbe cause: Borrelia burgdoferi?

Lyme disease

What disease does this microbe cause: Bartonella henselae?

Cat scratch disease

What disease does this microbe cause: Rickettsia species?

Spotted fever rickettsiosis

What disease does this microbe cause: Helicobacter pylori?

Gastritis/ gastric ulcers

What disease does this microbe cause: E. coli?

UTI

What disease does this microbe cause: Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

Gonorrhea

What disease does this microbe cause: Chlamydia trachomatis?

Chlamydia

What disease does this microbe cause: Treponema pallidum?

Syphilis

What disease does this microbe cause: Haemophilus ducreyi?

Chancroid

What disease does this microbe cause: Epstein-Barr virus?

Infectious mononucleosis

What disease does this microbe cause: Hepatitis B virus?

Serum hepatitis

What disease does this microbe cause: Herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2?

Genital herpes

What disease does this microbe cause: Human papillomavirus?

Genital warts and cervical carcinoma

What disease does this microbe cause: Sars-CoV-2?

COVID 19

What disease does this microbe cause: Yellow fever virus?

Yellow fever

What disease does this microbe cause: Mumps virus?

Mumps

What disease does this microbe cause: Rotavirus?

Acute diarrhea

What disease does this microbe cause: Hepatitis A virus?

Infectious hepatitis

What disease does this microbe cause: Hepatitis C virus?

Serum hepatitis

What disease does this microbe cause: HIV 1 and 2?

HIV Infection and AIDS

What disease does this microbe cause: Giardia duodenalis?

Chronic diarrhea

What disease does this microbe cause: Trichomonas vaginalis?

Trichomoniasis/ vaginitis

What disease does this microbe cause: Enterobius vermicularis?

Intestinal distress

What disease does this microbe cause: Taenia solium?

Cysticercosis

What disease does this microbe cause: Fasciola hepatica?

Liver and intestinal disease

What disease does this microbe cause: Schistosoma mansoni, S. japonicum?

Schistosomiasis

What disease does this microbe cause: Schistosoma haematobium?

Urinary Schistosomiasis

What disease does this microbe cause: Candida albicans?

Vaginitis

G+ endospore forming rod that is aerobic and catalase positive. VF: tripartite toxin (Edema factor, Protective antigen, and Lethal factor)
Transmission: vehicle, indirect contact

Bacillus anthracis

2 G+ bacteria of acute endocarditis
Features: Fever, Osler's nodes, Janeway lesions, abdominal/side pain

Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae

G- bacteria causing the Black Plague. can manifest in respiratory tract, inflammation/necrosis of lymph node or bubo in groin, or septicemic plague
Transmission: flea bite, droplet, direct contact with body fluids

Yersinia Pestis

G- bacteria that causes a large bull's eye rash. Features: Fever, headache, and can progress to cardiac/neurological symptoms.
Transmission: Biological vector (tick)
VF: evades immune system by shifting antigens

Borrelia burgdorferi

DNA virus that has infected more than 90% of the world's population. VF: latency and ability to incorporate into host DNA. Unique: Monospot test and Downey cells.

Epstein-Barr Virus

Hemorrhagic fever disease causing jaundice. Transmission: Biological vector (Aedes mosquito)

Yellow Fever

G- bacteria where infection is connected with being clawed or bitten by a cat. Symptoms: swollen lymph nodes. VF: non-hemorragic and endotoxin

Bartonella henselae

G-bacteria that causes distinctive spotted rash and can cause cardiovascular disruption.
Transmission: tick bite
VF: induces apoptosis in endothelial cells lining blood vessels

Spotted fever rickettsiosis

Retrovirus that causes AIDS. Symptoms: Kaposi's sarcoma, sudden weight loss, swollen lymph nodes, syncytia formation, and diarrhea. Transmission: Direct contact (sexual), parenteral (blood), Vertical.

HIV

G+ bacteria that produces a heat stable exotoxin inducing acute diarrhea.
Associated with custards, sauces, cream pastries, processed meats, chicken salad, ham

Staphylococcus aureus

G- spiral shaped bacteria causing stomach ulcers. Transmission: oral-oral. Treatment: clarithromycin.

Helicobacter pylori

G+ endospore-forming rod shaped bacteria producing an exotoxin causing acute diarrhea with vomiting
Contaminates meat, fish, beans

Clostridium perfringen

Nonenveloped, ssRNA enterovirus causing flu-like symptoms
Transmission: fecal-oral
Unique: Has vaccine, causes jaundice in 10% of cases, and IgM serology.

Hepatitis A

Enveloped DNA virus causing infection of the liver. Symptoms: fever, chills, abdominal discomfort, potential rashes and arthritis. Cause of hepatocellular carcinoma. Transmission: minute amounts of blood, HIGHLY contagious. Vaccine: YES. Likely to be chronic: NO. ELISA

Hepatitis B

Enveloped DNA virus causing infection of the liver. Silent epidemic. Symptoms: fever, chills, abdominal discomfort, potential rashes and arthritis. Transmission: blood transfusions, needle sharing. No vaccine but yes cure. Likely to be chronic: YES (75-85% chance of indefinite infection) Serology/PCR.

Hepatitis C

Blood flukes (mansoni and japonicum) Cycle D, Vehicle (water) Symptoms: liver disease, bladder obstruction, blood in urine, itching at site of invasion (can invade intact skin) VF: parasite coats its outer surface with proteins from bloodstream, cloaking it from host defenses. Diagnosis: eggs in urine or feces. Treatment: Praziquantel

Schistosomas

ssRNA virus from Paramyxovirus genus associated with distinctive and painful swelling at angle of jaw. Transmission: Droplet contact. Symptoms: fever, nasal discharge, inflammation of salivary glands. VF: SYNCYTIA and has vaccine

Mumps

Protozoan causing chronic diarrhea with greasy and stinky stools. Found in dirty water. Heart shaped with flagella

Giardia duodenalis

Pinworm causing pronounced anal itching. Cycle A. Vehicle (water, food) or self-inoculation.

Enterobius vermicularis

Tapeworm found in undercooked pork. Cycle C. Leads to cysts in brain.

Taenia solium

Liver fluke common in sheep, cattle, goats, and other mammals. Cycle D with mammal as definitive host. Symptoms: vomiting, diarrhea, hepatomegaly.

Fasciola hepatica

dsRNA genome with inner and outer capsid. Transmission: fecal-oral route
Treatment: children treated with oral rehydration therapy

Rotavirus

G+ endospore-forming bacteria that causes acute diarrhea and lives in the soil. Transmission: Food that has been cooked and kept warm for a long time. 2 forms: Emetic (vomiting) and diarrheal.

Bacillus cereus

G+ bacteria that does fermentation, producing lactic acid or ethanol, which causes dissolution of the tooth surface and formation of plaque biofilm. Transmission: Direct contact

Streptococcus mutans

G- bacteria causing 80% of UTI's
Transmission: opportunism: GI tract (community-acquired or via catheter) or environmental.

E. coli

G- bacteria and obligate intracellular parasite with different effects in men and women. Male Symptoms: discharge and painful urination. Female Symptoms: cervicitis, discharge, salpingitis. Transmission: direct contact (STI), vertical

Chlamydia trachomatis

Urinary blood fluke (helminth) that lodges in the blood vessels of the bladder. Diagnosis: identifying eggs in urine. Transmission: contaminated water. VF: antigenic cloaking

Urinary Schistosomiasis

Fungus that causes inflammation of vagina, itching, burning, and white curd-like discharge. Transmission: Opportunism.

Candida albicans (Vaginitis)

Protozoa that cause inflammation of vagina, itching, burning, and greenish discharge. Transmission: Direct contact (STI)

Trichomonas vaginalis (Vaginitis)

G- diplococcus bacteria that uses fimbriae to attach to mucosal epithelial cells. Transmission: Direct contact (STI) and Vertical. Male Symptoms: urethritis, painful urination, yellowish discharge. Female Symptoms: mucopurulent or bloody vaginal discharge, painful urination. Children both to these carriers can be infected as they pass through the birth canal

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

G- bacteria that binds to epithelial cells by its hooked tip. Transmission: Direct contact and Vertical. Primary syphilis: Chancres - small, red, hard bump that appears at the site of entry of the pathogen. Secondary syphilis: Fever, headache, sore throat, red/brown rash on all skin surfaces. Tertiary syphilis: damage to small arteries and aortic wall, gumma development

Treponema pallidum

G- rod causing genital ulcers/chancroids (soft chancres that often go unnoticed in women, but are painful in men) Transmission: direct sexual contact - association with sex workers and poor hygiene

Haemophilus ducreyi

DNA viruses causing genital ulcers that become latent in the ganglion of lumbosacral spinal nerve trunk
Reactivation: stress, UV radiation, injury, menstruation. Transmission: direct exposure to secretions containing the virus

HSV 1 and 2

Viral causative agent of genital warts
Female Symptoms: growths on the vulva and in/around the vagina as well as silent infections of the cervix. Male Symptoms: warts on penis and scrotum

HPV

Mixed infection that produces discharge with a fishy odor. Likely a result of reduction of lactobacilli in vagina. Mixed infection with clue cells. Does not produce inflammation in vagina

Vaginosis