front 1 Dividing of a cell into two new cells | back 1 Mitosis |
front 2 The totality of a cells DNA | back 2 Genome |
front 3 When DNA is divided into pieces | back 3 Chromosomes |
front 4 Non-reproductive cells that have two sets of chromosomes = Diploid (2N) | back 4 Somatic Cells |
front 5 Reproductive cells that have one set of chromosomes = Haploid (N) | back 5 Gametes |
front 6 Each DNA strand in the duplicated DNA chromosome | back 6 Sister Chromatids |
front 7 Where duplicated DNA molecules attach the sister chromatids | back 7 Centromere |
front 8 What is DNA packaged into? | back 8 Chromosomes |
front 9 Where spindles extend from in animal cells. | back 9 centrioles |
front 10 A complex of proteins associated with the centromere | back 10 Kinetochore |
front 11 What are the functions of Interphase? | back 11
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front 12 What are the three sub-phases that happen during Interphase? | back 12
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front 13 What happens in G1 of Interphase? | back 13 Growth of the cell |
front 14 What happens in S of Interphase? | back 14 DNA is replicated |
front 15 What happens in G2 of Interphase? | back 15 Preparing the cell for the Mitotic phase |
front 16 What are the functions of the Mitotic Phase? | back 16 Cell division (splitting of chromosomes / cells) |
front 17 What are the two sub-phases of the Mitotic (M) Phase? | back 17
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front 18 Involves a single division, and results in two identical daughter cells that each contain the full, diploid genome. | back 18 Mitosis |
front 19 What are the 5 phases of Mitosis? | back 19
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front 20 In what stage of the cell cycle does centrosomes replicate (including centrioles in animals) | back 20 G2 of Interphase |
front 21 The nuclear envelope remains intact in what stage of the cell cycle? | back 21 G2 of Interphase |
front 22 In what stage of the cell cycle are chromosomes that were replicated in S-phase remain diffused (spread out)? | back 22 G2 of Interphase |
front 23 Chromosomes/Chromatin Condense (start to change) in what phase of the cell cycle? | back 23 Prophase |
front 24 The nucleoli disappears in this phase of the cell cycle. | back 24 Prophase |
front 25 Centrosomes separate, moving to opposite poles during what phase in the cell cycle? | back 25 Prophase |
front 26 Mitotic spindle begins to form in what phase of the cell cycle? | back 26 Prophase |
front 27 The nuclear envelope breaks down in the phase | back 27 Prometaphase |
front 28 Spindle microtubules invade the nuclear region in what phase of the cell cycle? | back 28 Prometaphase |
front 29 Kinetochore microtubules attach to centromeres of chromosomes. (each chromosome is attached to two microtubules, one from each side) | back 29 Prometaphase |
front 30 Centrosomes arrive at opposite ends in what phase? | back 30 Metaphase |
front 31 Chromosomes align on the metaphase plate in what phase? | back 31 Metaphase |
front 32 Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of the cell | back 32 Anaphase |
front 33 The cell begins to lengthen via interactions between the non-kinetochore microtubules | back 33 Anaphase |
front 34 Two daughter nuclei reform | back 34 Telophase |
front 35 Chromosomes decondense (go back to diffused state) | back 35 Telophase |
front 36 Cytokinesis, or the division of the cytoplasm occurs concurrently and finishes soon after this phase. | back 36 Telophase |
front 37 Consists of fibers made of microtubules and centrosomes | back 37 Mitotic Spindle |
front 38 Move chromosomes to the metaphase plate | back 38 Spindle Microtubules |
front 39 Some _________ _______________ attach to the kinetochores of chromosomes. | back 39 Spindle Microtubules |
front 40 What type of microtubules from opposite poles overlap and push against each other to elongate the cell? | back 40 Nonkinetochore |
front 41 The separation of chromosomes = _________ and The division of the cytoplasm = ___________ | back 41 Mitosis, Cytokinesis |
front 42 Cytokinesis occurs by a process known as cleavage, forming a cleavage furrow in what type of cell? | back 42 Animal Cell |
front 43 A cell plate forms during cytokinesis in what type of cell? | back 43 Plant Cell |
front 44 Has specific checkpoints where the cell cycle stops until a go-ahead signal is received. | back 44 Cell Cycle Control System |
front 45 Either commits to dividing or dies | back 45 G1 Checkpoint |
front 46 Does a final check and looks for any problems | back 46 G2 Checkpoint |
front 47 Checking to see if everything is in order | back 47 M Checkpoint |
front 48 If G1 chooses not to divide where does the cell go? | back 48 G0 |
front 49 What cues trigger cell cycle regulation? | back 49 Internal and External |
front 50 Kinetochores that are not attached to spindle microtubules | back 50 Internal Cue |
front 51 DNA that has not completed replication | back 51 Internal Cue |
front 52 Insufficient cell growth | back 52 Internal Cue |
front 53 Growth factors, proteins released by certain cells that stimulate other cells to divide | back 53 External Cue |
front 54 Density-dependent inhibition | back 54 External Cue |
front 55 Chromosome replication begins. Soon thereafter, one copy of the origin moves rapidly toward the other end of the cell. | back 55 Binary Fissioning |
front 56 Replication continues. One copy of the origin is now at each end of the cell. | back 56 Binary Fissioning |
front 57 Replication finishes. The plasma membrane grows inward, and new cell wall is deposited. | back 57 Binary Fissioning |
front 58 Two daughter cells result. | back 58 no data |
front 59 Prokaryotes reproduce by a type of cell division called? | back 59 Binary Fissioning |
front 60 How do bacteria divide? | back 60 Binary Fissioning |
front 61 What is Binary Fissioning? | back 61 A type of cell division |
front 62 When do Mitotic Spindles begin to form? | back 62 In the cytoplasm during prophase |
front 63 Short microtubules that extend from each centrosome. | back 63 Aster Microtubules |
front 64 Microtubules that elongate by incorporating more subunits of the protein tubulin. | back 64 Spindle Microtubules |