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52 notecards = 13 pages (4 cards per page)

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Pathophysiology Test 1

front 1

Infection, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia are all complications of ____________.

back 1

Cancer

front 2

Cancer cells rely on what to supply blood for its growth?

back 2

Angiogenesis

front 3

What grows by expansion and has a well-defined capsule?

back 3

Benign tumor

front 4

SIADH and Cushing's syndrome are considered ______________ syndromes.

back 4

Paraneoplastic

front 5

HPV and HBV are viruses linked to ____________.

back 5

Cancer

front 6

What kind of necrosis is seen with ischemic brain injury?

back 6

Liquefactive

front 7

Reperfusion injury develops as a result of __________________.

back 7

Free radical formation

front 8

_______________ movement into the cell contributes to cellular swelling that may be the result of hypoxic injury.

back 8

Sodium

front 9

__________________ bacterium may be responsible for gas gangrene.

back 9

Clostridium

front 10

Breast and pancreas are prone to __________ necrosis.

back 10

Fat

front 11

_____________ develops if a stressor is not adequately defeated.

back 11

Exhaustion

front 12

Epinephrine and norepinephrine come from the ________________.

back 12

Adrenal medulla

front 13

________________ increases sodium and water reabsorption.

back 13

Aldosterone

front 14

_______________ increases blood flow to skeletal muscles.

back 14

Norepinephrine

front 15

The ___________________ dumps the hormone ACTH into the bloodstream stimulating adrenal glands.

back 15

Anterior pituitary

front 16

What syndrome is found in 1 out of every 5000 females and is caused by a single X chromosome that may present with gonadal streaks, short stature, and amenorrhea.

back 16

Turner Syndrome

front 17

Marfan's and Huntington's syndrome are known as ________________ disorders.

back 17

Autosomal dominant

front 18

A ______________ has 92 chromosomes.

back 18

Tetraploidy

front 19

Who are predominantly affected by X-linked recessive disorders?

back 19

Males

front 20

In order for autosomal recessive diseases to be expressed a ____________ recessive chromosomal pairing need to be present.

back 20

Homozygous

front 21

In autosomal dominant inherited disorders Affected persons mating with normal persons have a _________% risk of having an affected offspring.

back 21

50

front 22

Stress-induced stimulation of the posterior pituitary cause it to secrete ______________.

back 22

Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)

front 23

Preinvasive.
A glandular or epithelial lesion.
The cervix is a common area for this type of cancer to develop.

back 23

Carcinoma in situ

front 24

Disuse may lead to

Decreased hormonal stimulation can lead to

A decrease in cell size

back 24

Atrophy

front 25

__________ begins within six hours and in twelve to fourteen hours affects the entire body.

back 25

Rigor mortis

front 26

_______________ is the replacement of one adult cell by another cell that better tolerates the environment.

back 26

Metaplasia

front 27

_________________ hyperplasia is an adaptive mechanism that allows certain organs to regenerate after a loss of substance.

back 27

Compensatory

front 28

Lipid ______________ results in cell membrane damage.

back 28

Peroxidation

front 29

______________ is a condition in which cells program themselves to die.

back 29

Apoptosis

front 30

Free radicals are ____________ molecules that can cause cellular damage.

back 30

Unstable

front 31

A TB lesion is an example of _____________ necrosis.

back 31

Caseous

front 32

Dry gangrene is the due to lack of O2, which causes ____________ necrosis.

back 32

Coagulative

front 33

_____________ is an increase in cell size.

back 33

Hypertrophy

front 34

An example of ____________ hyperplasia is warts.

back 34

Pathologic

front 35

_______________ is associated with neoplastic growth.

back 35

Dysplasia

front 36

______________ is an increase in the number of cells.

back 36

Hyperplasia

front 37

It takes __________ hours for the body temperature to reach that of the environment after death.

back 37

24

front 38

______________ is a condition in which a person has an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome.

back 38

Turner syndrome

front 39

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a sex-linked ___________ trait.

back 39

Recessive

front 40

Klinefelter syndrome is a genetic disorder that that affects mostly _________.

back 40

Males

front 41

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulates the release of __________.

back 41

Cortisol

front 42

Cortisol is an example of a ______________.

back 42

Glucocorticoid

front 43

Epinephrine is a hormone excreted from the _______________.

back 43

Adrenal medulla

front 44

Aldosterone is an example of a ___________________.

back 44

Mineralcorticoid

front 45

The _________________ integrates the stress response.

back 45

Hypothalmus

front 46

Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption by the ____________.

back 46

Kidneys

front 47

______________ elevates as the result of glucogenesis.

back 47

Glucose

front 48

ADH comes from the ________________.

back 48

Posterior pituitary

front 49

ACTH comes from the ________________.

back 49

Anterior pituitary

front 50

______________ comes from the adrenal cortex.

back 50

Cortisol

front 51

Epinephrine ___________ the heart rate.

back 51

Increases

front 52

SIADH ______________ antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

back 52

Increases