front 1 What are the two most common causes of dementia in the elderly? | back 1 Alzheimer disease (most common) |
front 2 What is the likely diagnosis for an adult with a history of chronic alcohol consumption who is exhibiting anterograde amnesia and confabulation in the emergency department? | back 2 Korsakoff syndrome |
front 3 What type of amnesia is present in a patient who sustained a head injury and is unable to recall anything that occurred from the time that the injury occurred? | back 3 Anterograde amnesia |
front 4 What type of amnesia is present in a patient who cannot recall anything that occurred before they sustained a head injury but can still make new memories? | back 4 Retrograde amnesia |
front 5 Korsakoff syndrome is a late neuropsychiatric manifestation of what disease? | back 5 Wernicke encephalopathy |
front 6 What is the definition of an anxiety disorder?
| back 6 When a patient experiences inappropriate fear and worry |
front 7 Which three other conditions must be ruled out to make a diagnosis of
anxiety disorder? | back 7 Another psychiatric disorder |
front 8 In a person with bipolar disorder, what mood can you expect between
episodes of mania/hypomania and depression? | back 8 Mood generally returns to normal |
front 9 What disorder is present in a patient who has mild dysthymia and has been experiencing hypomanic episodes for 3 years? | back 9 Cyclothymic disorder |
front 10 What class of drugs are used most commonly to treat bipolar disorder? ____ ____ ____ ____ | back 10 Mood stabilizers |
front 11 How does bipolar I disorder differ from bipolar II disorder? | back 11 Bipolar I disorder includes manic episodes with or without a
hypomanic or depressive episode |
front 12 What class of drugs can cause mania and increase suicide risk in patients with bipolar disorder? ______ | back 12 Antidepressant |
front 13 How long are symptoms required to be present for a diagnosis of
cyclothymic disorder? | back 13 2 or more years with symptoms present at least 50% of the time, with any remission lasting for 2 months or less |
front 14 What additional disorder do patients with selective mutism usually have? | back 14 Social anxiety disorder |
front 15 How do you treat selective mutism? | back 15 Behavioral, family, and play therapies with or without SSRIs |
front 16 What is selective mutism? | back 16 Anxiety disorder that involves refraining from speech in specific situations for less than or equal to 1 month in a child older than 5 years who has no impairment in speech/language development |
front 17 Selective mutism interferes with performance of what kinds of
tasks? | back 17 Academic tasks |
front 18 In _____ disorder, the basic rights of others or social norms are
violated | back 18 In conduct disorder, the basic rights of others or social norms are
violated |
front 19 What is the treatment for conduct disorder? | back 19 Psychotherapy |
front 20 How do you treat a child with oppositional defiant disorder? | back 20 Psychotherapy |
front 21 Up to what age is separation anxiety considered a normal
phenomenon? | back 21 3 to 4 years |
front 22 An episode of separation anxiety in older
children must last how long for it to be considered a
disorder? | back 22 4 weeks or more |
front 23 What can be used to treat a child with separation anxiety
disorder? | back 23 Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Family therapy Play therapy |
front 24 What modalities are used to treat intractable tics
in a patient with Tourette syndrome? | back 24 High-potency antipsychotics |
front 25 Tourette syndrome presents with what symptoms and at what age? | back 25 Sudden, rapid, recurrent, nonrhythmic stereotyped vocal and motor tics that are present > 1 year(s) before the age of 18 years |
front 26 What is the first-line therapy for Tourette syndrome? | back 26 Behavioral therapy |
front 27 What features and associated disorders may be seen in a patient with
Tourette syndrome? | back 27 Vocal and motor tics |
front 28 ____ is the medical term for the involuntary outburst of obscene words, slurs, or socially inappropriate remarks. | back 28 Coprolalia |
front 29 How long do symptoms need to be present for Tourette syndrome to be diagnosed? More than __ year(s) | back 29 More than 1 year(s) |
front 30 ADHD symptoms must last for how long before diagnosis? | back 30 6 months |
front 31 What three traits characterize attention-deficit hyperactivity
disorder? | back 31 Inattention |
front 32 ADHD symptoms must be found in ____ or more settings | back 32 2 |
front 33 What are the treatment options for attention-deficit hyperactivity
disorder? | back 33 Stimulants with or without cognitive behavioral
therapy |
front 34 You suspect that a child who does poorly in school has attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Does this disorder affect intelligence? | back 34 No |
front 35 What classes of drugs are used to treat disruptive mood dysregulation disorder? _____ _____ | back 35 Stimulants |
front 36 How does disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
present? | back 36 Severe, recurrent temper outbursts incongruent to situation |
front 37 How long must symptoms be present before a diagnosis of disruptive mood dysregulation can be made? | back 37 1 year |
front 38 Autism must present in [early/late] childhood and is more common in [boys/girls] | back 38 Autism must present in early childhood and is more common in boys |
front 39 At what age would you diagnose a patient with conduct
disorder? | back 39 Before the age of 18 years |
front 40 After age 18, conduct disorder is reclassified as _____ _____ disorder. | back 40 After age 18, it is reclassified as antisocial personality disorder. |
front 41 A child with autism may have an intellectual _______ or _______ abilities or specific skills. Size of head and/or brain may be _______. | back 41 A child with autism may have an intellectual disability or exceptional abilities or specific skills. Size of head and/or brain may be increased |
front 42 Which childhood disorder is characterized by poor social interactions, communication deficits, ritualized or repetitive behavior, and restricted interests? _____ _____ disorder | back 42 Autism spectrum disorder |
front 43 What is intellectual disability? | back 43 Global cognitive deficits that affect memory, reasoning, judgment, abstract thinking, language, and learning |
front 44 Why do patients with intellectual disability have
difficulties in socialization, education, employment, and
independence? | back 44 Adaptive functioning is impaired due to global cognitive deficits |
front 45 How do you treat a patient with intellectual disability? | back 45 By providing multidisciplinary support to improve global functioning |
front 46 A child is unable to read near the level of proficiency for his or her age even after working with a tutor 7 months. What is the most likely diagnosis? _____ _____ disorder | back 46 Specific learning disorder |
front 47 What happens to general functioning and intelligence in an individual with specific learning disorder? | back 47 They are usually normal |
front 48 How long must symptoms persist for a diagnosis of specific learning childhood disorder? > ___ months | back 48 > 6 months |
front 49 How do you treat a patient with specific learning disorder? | back 49 Academic support |
front 50 How do you treat delirium? | back 50 Treatment of delirium is aimed at identifying and addressing the underlying condition |
front 51 _____ may be used as needed for acute episodes of delirium | back 51 Antipsychotics may be used as needed for acute episodes. |
front 52 What classes of medication should be avoided in the
treatment of delirium? | back 52 Benzodiazepines |
front 53 What could be the cause of sudden waning of consciousness in hospitalized older patients? | back 53 delirium |
front 54 You suspect that your patient with altered mental status has delirium. What test may help to confirm the diagnosis? _____ | back 54 EEG |
front 55 EEG may reveal _____ _____ _____ slowing, a finding associated with delirium. | back 55 diffuse background rhythm |
front 56 Define delirium. | back 56 Acute, reversible, onset of waxing/waning consciousness with rapidly decreasing attention span and level of arousal |
front 57 How do you begin management of delirium before considering
medication? | back 57 Identifying/treating underlying condition |
front 58 What is the treatment for atypical depression? | back 58 SSRIs |
front 59 What symptoms differentiate atypical depression from
classical depression? | back 59 Mood reactivity |
front 60 Heavy feeling in legs and arms is called what? Transient improvement in mood in response to a positive event is called what? | back 60 Leaden paralysis Mood reactivity |
front 61 What is the most common subtype of depression? | back 61 Depression with atypical features |
front 62 How long must symptoms be present for a diagnosis of delusional
disorder to be made? | back 62 > 1 month(s) |
front 63 How long must symptoms persist for a diagnosis of brief psychotic
disorder? | back 63 < 1 month(s) |
front 64 Symptoms of major depressive disorder last ≥ [...]
weeks | back 64 Symptoms of major depressive disorder last ≥ 2 weeks |
front 65 After how many months of anxiety-related symptoms can the diagnosis
of generalized anxiety disorder be made? | back 65 > 6 months |
front 66 After how many months of symptoms can the diagnosis of panic disorder
be made? | back 66 > 1 month(s) |
front 67 How many months of symptoms are necessary for a narcolepsy
diagnosis? | back 67 > 3 months |
front 68 How long must symptoms be present in a child for a diagnosis of
oppositional defiant disorder to be made? | back 68 > 6 months |
front 69 How long must symptoms be present for the diagnosis of tic disorder
be made? | back 69 > 1 year(s) |
front 70 How long must symptoms be present for the diagnosis of a phobia be
made? | back 70 > 6 months |
front 71 Symptoms persisting ____ than ____ months indicate adjustment disorder Symptoms persisting ____ than ____ months indicate generalized anxiety disorder | back 71 Symptoms persisting less than 6 months indicate adjustment disorder Symptoms persisting more than 6 months indicate generalized anxiety disorder |
front 72 Compare the duration of symptoms in acute stress disorder versus
post-traumatic stress disorder. | back 72 Acute stress disorder → Symptoms persist less than 1
month(s) |
front 73 How long must symptoms be present for a diagnosis of
schizophreniform disorder to be made? | back 73 Symptoms must be present for 1 to 6 months |
front 74 How long must symptoms be present for a diagnosis of schizophrenia to be made? | back 74 > 6 months |
front 75 Name six psychiatric conditions associated with dissociative identity
disorder. | back 75 Post-traumatic stress disorder |
front 76 Dissociative identity disorder is more common in which sex? | back 76 female |
front 77 Depersonalization → Feelings of detachment/estrangement from one's
____ | back 77 Depersonalization → Feelings of detachment/estrangement from one's
self |
front 78 A man often feels estranged from his surroundings and from himself,
almost as if he is merely an observer. What could this condition
be? | back 78 Depersonalization/derealization disorder |
front 79 If a patient has two or more distinct personality states or identities, what is the diagnosis? | back 79 Dissociative identity disorder |
front 80 Due to the severe trauma of child abuse, a woman is unable to recall her date of birth. What type of amnesia is this? _____ amnesia | back 80 Dissociative amnesia |
front 81 A man abruptly travels to the other side of the country and is found
wandering on the streets there. What is the most likely
diagnosis? | back 81 Dissociative fugue |
front 82 Dissociative fugue occurs during a period of dissociative amnesia, which is often associated with _____ circumstances. | back 82 traumatic |
front 83 Which eating disorder involves dieting, fasting, and/or exercising excessively without purging or binge eating for ≥ 3 months? | back 83 Anorexia nervosa, restricting type |
front 84 Which eating disorder involves recurrent purging behaviors or binge eating for ≥ 3 months? | back 84 Anorexia nervosa, binge-eating/purging type |
front 85 What three treatment options are available for patients with anorexia
nervosa? | back 85 Psychotherapy |
front 86 What is the definition of anorexia nervosa? | back 86 Intense fear of gaining weight, distortion of body image, and overvaluation of thinness → Calorie restriction, extreme weight loss, and inappropriately low BMI |
front 87 Name three electrolyte disturbances that occur in refeeding syndrome
in patients with anorexia. | back 87 Hypokalemia |
front 88 In anorexia nervosa, what three symptoms or diseases may present due
to disruption of the endocrine symptom? | back 88 Hypothyroidism |
front 89 How may body hair be altered in anorexia nervosa? | back 89 Development of soft hair on the arms and legs |
front 90 Compare the body weight profiles of patients with anorexia nervosa
and bulimia nervosa. | back 90 Anorexia nervosa → Low BMI |
front 91 What four findings may be seen in a patient with bulimia
nervosa? | back 91 Erosion of enamel on teeth |
front 92 What is the definition of pica? | back 92 Recurring consumption of nonfood items, not considered normal for an individual's culture or developmental stage, for 1 month(s) or longer |
front 93 What is the treatment for pica? | back 93 First-line treatment → Nutritional rehabilitation and
psychotherapy |
front 94 What population of patients does pica typically affect? | back 94 Children |
front 95 What four comorbidities is pica associated with? | back 95 Iron deficiency anemia |
front 96 Describe the mechanism of refeeding syndrome and
three potential complications in a patient with
anorexia. | back 96 Sudden increase in calorie intake → Increase in insulin → Hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia → Rhabdomyolysis, seizures, and cardiac complications |
front 97 What treatment options are available for binge-eating disorder? | back 97 Psychotherapy (first-line treatment) |
front 98 Why is bupropion contraindicated for patients with bulimia nervosa? Elevated risk of ______ | back 98 Elevated risk of seizures |
front 99 Why might a doctor order an endoscopy for a patient with
bulimia nervosa? | back 99 To check for tears in the lower part of the esophagus. This is Malory-Weiss syndrome. |
front 100 Which enzyme would increase as a result of parotid gland hypertrophy in patients with bulimia nervosa? Serum _____ | back 100 Serum amylase |
front 101 What is the treatment for bulimia nervosa? | back 101 Antidepressants |
front 102 Is electroconvulsive therapy safe for pregnant patients and elderly patients? | back 102 Yes. There are no absolute contraindications to electroconvulsive therapy. |
front 103 Name four clinical indications for electroconvulsive therapy. | back 103 Acute suicidality |
front 104 What is the mechanism of electroconvulsive therapy? | back 104 Electroconvulsive therapy induces tonic-clonic seizures in patients under anesthesia and neuromuscular blockade |
front 105 What are the adverse effects of electroconvulsive therapy? | back 105 Headache |
front 106 What is the first-line treatment for someone diagnosed with enuresis? | back 106 Behavioral modifications |
front 107 For nocturnal urinary incontinence refractory to behavioral
modifications, what are two treatment options? | back 107 Bedwetting alarm |
front 108 How long must symptoms of nighttime incontinence last for a diagnosis
of enuresis to be made? | back 108 ≥ 2 times per week for ≥ 3 months |
front 109 How old does a person have to be for a diagnosis of enuresis to be made? | back 109 > 5 years |
front 110 A caregiver—usually a parent—intentionally fabricates, exaggerates, or induces physical or psychological symptoms in a dependent (often a child) to deceive others and gain attention or sympathy. _____ disorder imposed on [self/another] | back 110 Factitious disorder imposed on another |
front 111 Patients with factitious disorder imposed on self are _____ to undergo tests and procedures Patients with malingering often _____ treatment | back 111 Patients with factitious disorder imposed on self are willing to undergo tests and procedures Patients with malingering often avoid treatment |
front 112 What is the primary goal of a patient with a factitious disorder? | back 112 To get sympathy and medical attention by means of the sick role |
front 113 In which two population groups is factitous disorder imposed
on self more common?
| back 113 Healthcare workers |
front 114 What is the definition of gambling disorder? | back 114 Persistent, recurrent, problematic gambling that cannot be better explained as a manic episode |
front 115 What is the treatment of gambling disorder? ______ | back 115 Psychotherapy |
front 116 What is the definition of transgender? | back 116 When a patient lives their life as a different gender than what was assigned at birth |
front 117 What is definition of gender dysphoria? | back 117 A difference between the way an individual experiences gender and the gender assigned at birth |
front 118 gender dysphoria lasts for over ______ months and causes persistent ______. | back 118 gender dysphoria lasts for over 6 months and causes persistent distress. |
front 119 Is gender nonconformity a mental disorder? | back 119 No |
front 120 At what age does gender identity develop? | back 120 3 yo |
front 121 What are seven of the most common symptoms associated with
generalized anxiety disorder? | back 121 Excessive anxiety |
front 122 By definition, the symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder must be
present for how long to be clinically significant? | back 122 On most days for 6 months or longer |
front 123 What are three first-line treatment options available for generalized
anxiety disorder? | back 123 Cognitive behavioral therapy |
front 124 What are three second-line treatment options for generalized anxiety disorder? | back 124 Buspirone |
front 125 How do the criteria for a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder
in adults compare with the criteria for a diagnosis of generalized
anxiety disorder in children? | back 125 Adults → ≥ 3 symptoms of generalized anxiety |
front 126 Compare hypomanic and manic episodes in terms of severity. | back 126 Hypomanic episodes are less intense |
front 127 What treatment options are first line for major depressive disorder? | back 127 Cognitive behavioral therapy |
front 128 What are the features of major depressive disorder? | back 128 Sleep disturbance |
front 129 For major depressive episode: Symptoms must have been present for most days for a period of ____ ____ or longer | back 129 2 weeks |
front 130 Which disorder is often milder than major depressive
disorder with at least 2 depressive symptoms lasting
at least 2 years and with remission of 2
months or less?
| back 130 Persistent depressive disorder AKA dysthymia |
front 131 In which depressive disorder do episodes occur only during a
particular season in 2 or more consecutive years?
| back 131 Major depressive disorder with seasonal pattern |
front 132 What are the treatment options for major depressive disorder
with seasonal pattern?
| back 132 Cognitive behavior therapy |
front 133 Psychotic features occur only ______ the major depressive episode in a patient with major depressive disorder with psychotic features A patient with schizoaffective disorder will have psychotic symptoms [dependent/independent] of a depressive episode | back 133 Psychotic features occur only during the major depressive episode in a patient with major depressive disorder with psychotic features A patient with schizoaffective disorder will have psychotic symptoms independent of a depressive episode |
front 134 What is the treatment for major depressive disorder with
psychotic features?
| back 134 A(n) antidepressant combined with a(n) atypical antipsychotic or electroconvulsive therapy |
front 135 Define major depressive disorder with psychotic features. | back 135 Major depressive disorder accompanied by delusions or hallucinations |
front 136 In major depressive disorder with psychotic features, hallucinations
and delusions typically have what overlying theme? | back 136 They are typically mood congruent with depressed mood |
front 137 Which disorder is intentional and the patient's complaints stop after something is gained? | back 137 Malingering |
front 138 Which disorder occurs when a patient consciously fakes, exaggerates, or reports a disorder with goal of attaining a secondary gain? | back 138 Malingering |
front 139 How does malingering affect a patient's compliance with treatment and follow-up? | back 139 Compliance with treatment or follow-up is often poor |
front 140 What are the seven symptoms of a manic episode? | back 140 Distractibility |
front 141 For diagnosis of a manic episode, how many manic
symptoms must be present and for how long? | back 141 At least 3 symptoms for at least 1 week |
front 142 Define mood disorders: disorders in which an abnormal range of internal emotions/moods and loss of ____ over them cause distress and impairment in ____ function | back 142 Disorders in which an abnormal range of internal emotions/moods and loss of control over them cause distress and impairment in daily function |
front 143 Give four examples of disorders that are classified as mood disorders. | back 143 Major depressive disorder |
front 144 Can a patient with a mood disorder experience symptoms of psychosis, such as hallucinations or delusions? | back 144 Yes |
front 145 List the order in which a person loses his or her components of orientation. | back 145 First → Time |
front 146 What is orientation in the context of the psychiatric exam? | back 146 An individual’s ability to know who he/she is, where he/she is, and the date and time |
front 147 What are the common causes of loss of orientation? | back 147 Head injury |
front 148 What are the criteria for a diagnosis of panic disorder?
| back 148 Panic attack followed by history of ≥ 1 month of 1 or more of the
following criteria: |
front 149 What is the treatment for panic disorder? | back 149 Cognitive behavioral therapy |
front 150 For panic disorder, what drug class may be used for acute episodes? | back 150 Benzodiazepines may be used for acute episodes. |
front 151 Is panic disorder genetic? | back 151 Yes |
front 152 What disorder causes recurrent episodes of intense fear, nausea, paresthesias, and depersonalization for short periods? | back 152 Panic Disorder |
front 153 How does panic disorder affect the risk for suicide? | back 153 Increases sucide risk |
front 154 What are risk factors for postpartum psychosis? | back 154 Bipolar disorder |
front 155 Which of the peripartum mood disturbances is the only one that does not usually warrant pharmacologic therapy? _____ _____ | back 155 Postpartum blues |
front 156 What postpartum mental disorder could cause a woman to have delusions and threaten to kill herself and the baby? _____ _____ | back 156 Postpartum psychosis |
front 157 What is the treatment for major depressive disorder with
peripartum onset?
| back 157 SSRIs |
front 158 When will the symptoms of postpartum blues likely resolve? Within ____ ____ | back 158 Within 2 weeks |
front 159 What are three peripartum mood disturbances that new mothers may
experience in order from highest to lowest incidence rate? | back 159 Postpartum blues (50% to 85%) |
front 160 What is the treatment for postpartum psychosis?
Administration of _____ _____ or _____ therapy if drug therapy is ineffective | back 160 Admission to inpatient psychiatric unit Administration of atypical antipsychotics or electroconvulsive therapy if drug therapy is ineffective |
front 161 What is the definition of personality disorder? | back 161 Inflexible and maladaptive pattern of behavior that is pervasive in their life → Distress and/or impaired function |
front 162 What is the definition of personality trait? | back 162 A personality trait is an enduring pattern in which a person processes and relates to his/her environment and his/her role in it |
front 163 In what age group do personality disorders usually present? | back 163 Before or during early adulthood |
front 164 What are the three clusters of personality disorders? | back 164 Cluster A → "Weird" |
front 165 What are the three cluster A personality disorders? | back 165 Paranoid personality disorder |
front 166 Cluster A personality disorders have a genetic association with which other psychiatric disorder? _______ | back 166 Schizophrenia |
front 167 What common characteristics could be observed in an individual with
paranoid personality disorder?
| back 167 Pervasive distrust |
front 168 What are four common characteristics of schizotypal
personality disorder?
| back 168 Odd beliefs |
front 169 What three characteristics are common with schizoid
personality disorder?
| back 169 Limited emotional expression |
front 170 What are the four cluster B personality disorders? | back 170 Antisocial personality disorder |
front 171 What three characteristics do cluster B personality disorders share?
| back 171 Dramatic behavior |
front 172
Cluster B personality disorders are genetically
associated with what two other disorders? | back 172 Substance abuse |
front 173 What personality disorder could cause a person who has fragile self-esteem to demonstrate entitlement, grandiosity, and defensiveness and lack empathy? ______ personality disorder | back 173 Narcissistic personality disorder |
front 174 What personality disorder could cause a person to engage in
impulsive and self-mutilating
behavior, express emotional emptiness, and
have unstable moods and relationships? | back 174 Borderline personality disorder |
front 175 What is the treatment for borderline personality disorder?
| back 175 Dialectical behavioral |
front 176 What is a major defense mechanism for a patient with borderline personality disorder? | back 176 Splitting |
front 177 What personality disorder could cause a person to be shallow
and sexually provocative, seek
attention, and use dramatic speech and emotional expression? | back 177 Histrionic personality disorder |
front 178 What personality disorder could cause individuals to be hostile, impulsive, manipulative, and unremorseful when they disregard the rights of others? ______ personality disorder | back 178 Antisocial personality disorder |
front 179 Is antisocial personality disorder more common in males or females? | back 179 Males |
front 180 What are the three cluster C personality disorders? | back 180 Avoidant personality disorder |
front 181 What category of disorders is cluster C personality disorders associated with? _____ disorders | back 181 Anxiety disorders |
front 182 What personality disorder could cause an individual to have
low self-confidence, often remain in
abusive relationships, and constantly seek support
from others? | back 182 Dependent personality disorder |
front 183 What personality disorder could cause a person to be
preoccupied with perfectionism,
order, and control and experience pleasure in
doing so? | back 183 Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder |
front 184 What personality disorder could cause a person to be
hypersensitive to rejection,
timid, and socially inhibited and
express feelings of inadequacy yet desire relationships? | back 184 Avoidant personality disorder |
front 185 What are the three hallmarks of serotonin syndrome?
| back 185 Increased activity |
front 186 Which medication can be used in the treatment of serotonin syndrome,
and what is its mechanism? | back 186 Cyproheptadine, which is a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist |
front 187 What condition can develop in a patient on a MAOI who consumes tyramine-rich foods? ______ ______ | back 187 Hypertensive crisis |
front 188 What is the treatment for a patient prescribed MAOIs undergoing a hypertensive crisis? ______ | back 188 Phentolamine |
front 189 How does eating tyramine-rich foods while taking MAOIs result in
hypertensive crisis? | back 189 Tyramine displaces norepinephrine in the synaptic cleft → Increased norepinephrine → Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system |
front 190 What are six manifestations of neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
| back 190 Myoglobinuria |
front 191 What class of drugs should not be prescribed for a patient with a known family history of neuroleptic malignant syndrome? | back 191 Antipsychotics |
front 192 What drugs can be used to treat neuroleptic malignant
syndrome? | back 192 Dantrolene |
front 193 In a patient experiencing alcohol withdrawal, when
does delirium tremens typically arise? | back 193 2 to 4 days after the last drink |
front 194 What is the treatment for a patient undergoing alcohol
withdrawal with seizures? | back 194 Longer-acting benzodiazepines |
front 195 What is the likely cause of laryngospasm requiring
intubation in a patient who has started taking an
antipsychotic medication? | back 195 Acute dystonia |
front 196 What three symptoms may be present in a patient with acute dystonia? | back 196 Muscle spasms |
front 197 acute dystonia symptoms can begin hours to days after use of a _____ _____. | back 197 typical antipsychotic |
front 198 An oculogyric crisis is an acute, involuntary neurological condition characterized by a sustained, ______ deviation of the eyeballs. | back 198 upward |
front 199 What is the treatment for lithium toxicity? Hydrating aggressively with ______ ______ solution ______ can be considered | back 199 Discontinuation of lithium Hydrating aggressively with isotonic saline solution Hemodialysis can be considered |
front 200 What is the treatment for a TCA overdose? Activated _____ _____ _____ monitoring | back 200 Supportive treatment Activated charcoal Bicarbonate ECG monitoring |