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Instructions for Side by Side Printing
  1. Print the notecards
  2. Fold each page in half along the solid vertical line
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal dotted line
  4. Optional: Glue, tape or staple the ends of each notecard together
  1. Verify Front of pages is selected for Viewing and print the front of the notecards
  2. Select Back of pages for Viewing and print the back of the notecards
    NOTE: Since the back of the pages are printed in reverse order (last page is printed first), keep the pages in the same order as they were after Step 1. Also, be sure to feed the pages in the same direction as you did in Step 1.
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal and vertical dotted line
To print: Ctrl+PPrint as a list

18 notecards = 5 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Viruses and Historical Experiments (Eaton 2025-2026)

front 1

Where can botulism be found?

back 1

opened cans / tomato products, main component of Botox (anti-wrinkle procedure)

front 2

botulism

back 2

prophage makes toxins that paralyzes muscles, lysogenic cycle

front 3

herpesvirus effects

back 3

cold sores, genital herpes (STD), chicken pox

front 4

herpesvirus

back 4

lysogenic: latent / dormant in nucleus of cell until stress = viral DNA hijacks, release = cold sores

front 5

phage lambda

back 5

both lytic and lysogenic cycles, DNA inserted via genetic recombination into the bacterial chromosome

front 6

influenza (flu)

back 6

made of RNA material

front 7

influenza effects

back 7

colds, poliovirus

front 8

plant viruses

back 8

RNA, rod shaped with spiral proteins around nucleic acid

front 9

plant virus effects

back 9

stunt plant growth and diminish crop yields, tobacco mosaic virus

front 10

How do plant viruses get into the plant?

back 10

wind, chilling, injury, insect damage allow to pass through plant's epidermis; spreads through plasmodesmata

front 11

What is the cure for plant viruses?

back 11

there is none; instead, reduce infected and breed resistant ones

front 12

ebola

back 12

RNA, endemic to central Africa

front 13

ebola effects

back 13

fatal hemorrhagic fever, vomit, bleed, circulatory system collapse

front 14

acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (AIDS and HIV)

back 14

RNA retrovirus with membranous envelope and glycoprotein spikes

front 15

RNA viruses

back 15

COVID, HIV, cold, polio, hepatitis A C and E

front 16

DNA viruses

back 16

herpes, chickenpox (later shingles), small pox, hepatitis B

front 17

Hershey-Chase

back 17

proved DNA is genetic material of T2 virus in E.coli, attached radioactive isotopes to sulfur (CHONS of proteins) and phosphorus (CHONS of DNA), then separated interior and exterior of cell

front 18

George Beadle and Edward Tatum

back 18

function of genes dictates enzyme production with bread molds in Neurospora grassa, one defective gene led to no enzyme led to lack growth ability