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32 notecards = 8 pages (4 cards per page)

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Chapter 3 Bichemistry

front 1

Element

back 1

the smallest unit that retains the unique chemical properties of that specific type of matter

front 2

Atoms

back 2

The smallest particles of elements that still maintain all the characteristics of that element

front 3

Two or more atoms joined together for a

back 3

molecule

front 4

Molecules with more than one type of element are known as

back 4

compounds

front 5

The human body is made of six major elements

back 5

oxygen 65%, carbon 18%, hydrogen 10%, nitrogen 3%, calcium 1.5%, and phosphorus 1%

front 6

The minor elements the human body is made of

back 6

potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium

front 7

Atoms consist of a

back 7

nucleus

front 8

nucleus contains protons that are

back 8

positively charged particles

front 9

nucleus contains neutrons that are

back 9

neutral particles

front 10

The nucleus is surrounded by

back 10

electrons, negatively charged particles

front 11

Acid

back 11

a chemical substance that can release hydrogen ions

front 12

Nucleus

back 12

control center of the cell

front 13

An atom +atom =

back 13

Molecule

front 14

Ions

back 14

Electrically charged atom

front 15

Acid

back 15

chemical substance when dissolved in water it releases hydrogen ions

front 16

Reacts with other atoms which can potentially harm the body

back 16

Hydrogen ions

front 17

Bases

back 17

Can accept hydrogen ions

front 18

PH

back 18

measures the concentration of hydrogen ions

front 19

Acidic

back 19

0-6.9

front 20

Neutral

back 20

7

front 21

Anything above 7 is considered

back 21

alkaline(basic)

front 22

8-9 is considered

back 22

slightly alkaline

front 23

10-11 is considered

back 23

moderately alkaline

front 24

12-14 is considered

back 24

strongly alkaline

front 25

The solute is

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What is dissolved

front 26

The solvent is

back 26

the dissolver

front 27

Concentration is

back 27

amount of solute in solution

front 28

Isotonic

back 28

concentration is equal to surrounding environment

place cell in this solution it stays the same

NORMAL CONCENTRATION

Normal Saline

front 29

Hypotonic

back 29

concentration is weaker that surroundings

Place cell in this solution it will hemolyze(swell)

WEAK CONCENTRATION

front 30

Hypertonic

back 30

Concentration is stronger than surrounding

Place cell in this solution it will crenate(shrink)

STRONG CONCENTRATION

front 31

You would use an isotonic solution if someone needed

back 31

hydrating, when placing this in the vein it just makes more volume in the vein...Does not shift anywhere

front 32

Hypertonic Solutions would like to wish

back 32

lower the movement of water causing the fluid to shift out of the blood and into the cells and interstitial spaces

Water moves into the cell