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52 notecards = 13 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

a&p chapters 15-16-17

front 1

three functions of blood

back 1

  • transport
  • regulation
  • protection

front 2

transport

back 2

  • oxygen to lungs
  • waste from the cells, to organs for elimination from body
  • ions, nutrients & hormones are transported in blood

front 3

regulation

back 3

  • fluid and electrolyte balance
  • acid & base balance
  • body temperature

front 4

protection

back 4

  • from infection
  • clotting factors protect from excessive bleeding

front 5

blood is what kind of tissue

back 5

connective

front 6

ph of blood

back 6

7.35-7.45

front 7

three types of blood cells

back 7

  • red
  • white
  • platelets

front 8

composition of blood

back 8

  • plasma
  • cells- AKA corpuscles

front 9

plasma protein consist of

back 9

albumin, clotting factors, antibodies and complements

front 10

the production of blood cells

back 10

hematopoiesis or hemopoiesis

front 11

plamsa contains:

back 11

proteins, ions, nutrients, gases and waste

front 12

Erythropoietin

back 12

hormone responsible for production of RBC'S

front 13

KIDENY

back 13

Senses the need for additional oxygen and secrets a hormone erythropoietin stimulating bone marrow productions of RBC'S

front 14

iron, vitamin b12, folic acid and protetin

back 14

essential for hemoglobin synthesis

front 15

deficiency in red blood cells creates___

back 15

anemia

front 16

neutrophils

back 16

  • role in phagoctyosis
  • puss is the accumulation of dead neutrophils, parts of cells and fluid

front 17

basophils

back 17

  • play role in inflammatory response through release histamine
  • releases heparin which is thought to reduce formation of cots in lungs and liver

front 18

eosinphils

back 18

involved in inflammatory response: secretes chemicals that destroy certain parasites and increased in person with allergeis

front 19

lyphocytes

back 19

produce in red bone marrow

role in immune system

front 20

monocytes

back 20

  • role in phagocytosis; more efficient
  • changed into macrophages that either wander or are fixed

front 21

platelets

aka thrombocytes

back 21

tiniest formed element of blood

prevent blood loss

front 22

hematocrit

back 22

  • 45% is blood cells & 55% is plasma
  • percentage of blood cells

front 23

process that stops the bleeding

back 23

hemostasis

front 24

hemostasis blood vessel spasm

back 24

when the injured the smooth muscle in the vessel wall contracts and constricts

front 25

clot retraction

back 25

after a clot forms, it begins to pull itself together becoming smaller

front 26

anticoagulants has two mechanisms

back 26

  • endothelium- smooth muscle is shiny and smooth muscle is shiny and smooth which allows blood to flow along surface easily
  • secretion of heparin by most cells which are concentrated around lungs and liver

front 27

anticoagulants are administered in an attempt to prevent the formation of a blood clot there are two types:

back 27

heparin and Coumadin

front 28

prothrombin

back 28

coagulation test performed to measure the time it takes for a firm fibrin clot to form

front 29

INR- international Normalized Ratio

back 29

comparing to people under the same conditions

front 30

APTT

back 30

Detects congenital deficiencies in clotting factors.

front 31

4 ABO types

back 31

A-B-AB-O

front 32

blood is classified according to the Rh factor, rh factor is

back 32

an antigen located on the surface of the RBC

front 33

agglutination

back 33

the antigen and antibody dump

front 34

a hollow muscular organ about the size of a closed fist

back 34

the heart

front 35

function of the heart

back 35

pumps blood through the blood vessels of the body, providing oxygen and nutrients to all cells

front 36

heart is made up of three layers

back 36

  • endocardium
  • myocardium
  • epicardium

front 37

left ventricle

back 37

the hardest working chamber in the heart

front 38

main function of the right ventricle

back 38

pump blood to the lungs

front 39

the purpose of heart valves

back 39

keep the blood flowing in a forward direction

front 40

the largest artery in the body

back 40

Aorta

front 41

atrioventricular valves

back 41

located between the atria and ventricle on each side to the heart

front 42

right atrioventricular vavle

back 42

located between the right atria right ventricle

front 43

left atrioventricular vavle

back 43

bicuspid valve because it has 2 cusps

front 44

pulmonic valve

back 44

goes into the pulmonary and into the lungs

front 45

aortic valve

back 45

goes to the aorta

front 46

the first heart sound lubb

back 46

due to the closure of the AV valves at the beginning of the ventricular contraction

front 47

the second heart sound dubb

back 47

due to the closure of the semilunar valves at the beginning of ventricular relaxation

front 48

the blood flow in the coronary arteries is greatest during what?

back 48

ventricular relaxation

front 49

cardiac output

back 49

the amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in 1 minute

front 50

normal output

back 50

5 liters per minute

front 51

cardiac output (co) is determined by two factors

back 51

  • heart rate and stroke volume

front 52

variation of heart rate

back 52

tachycardia- hr greater than 100

bradycardia- hr less than 60