front 1 What is anatomy? | back 1 the study of the structure of the human body |
front 2 What is physiology? | back 2 the study of the function of the human body |
front 3 What does water do for the human body? | back 3 - most abundant substance in the body - required for metabolic processes - required for the transport of substances - regulates body temperature |
front 4 What does food do for the human body? | back 4 - provides necessary nutrients - supplies energy - supplies raw materials |
front 5 What does oxygen (gas) do for the human body? | back 5 - one-fifth of air - used to release energy from nutrients |
front 6 What does heat do for the human body? | back 6 - form of energy - partly controls rate of metabolic reactions |
front 7 What does pressure do for the human body? | back 7 - application of force on an object - atmospheric pressure – important for breathing - hydrostatic pressure – keeps blood flowing |
front 8 What is homeostasis? | back 8 Maintaining a stable internal environment. |
front 9 Homeostatic Control Mechanisms | back 9 Monitors aspects of the internal environment and corrects as needed. Variations are within limits. |
front 10 What are the three types to the control mechanism? | back 10 Receptor, control center, and effector |
front 11 What is the receptor? | back 11 provides information about the stimuli |
front 12 What is the control center? | back 12 tells what a particular value should be (called the set point) |
front 13 What is the effector? | back 13 elicits responses that change conditions in the internal environment (muscle or gland) |
front 14 What are the 2 types of control mechanisms? | back 14 Negative and Positive machanisms |
front 15 Negative feedback: | back 15 - Prevents sudden, severe changes in the body - Corrects the set point - Causes opposite of bodily disruption to occur, i.e. the ‘negative’ - Most common type of feedback loop Examples: body temperature, blood pressure & glucose regulation |
front 16 Positive feedback: | back 16 - Increases (accelerates) the actions of the body - short-lived - does not require continuous adjustments Examples: blood clotting and childbirth |
front 17 Visceral layer | back 17 covers an organ |
front 18 Parietal layer | back 18 lines a cavity or body wall |
front 19 Thoracic Membranes: Visceral pleura | back 19 membrane that covers the lungs |
front 20 Thoracic Membranes: Parietal pleura | back 20 membrane that lines the pleural cavity |
front 21 Thoracic Membranes: Visceral pericardium | back 21 membrane that covers the heart |
front 22 Thoracic Membranes: Parietal pericardium | back 22 membrane that lines the pericardial cavity |
front 23 Abdominopelvic Membranes: Visceral peritoneum | back 23 membrane that covers the abdominal and pelvic organs |
front 24 Abdominopelvic Membranes: Parietal peritoneum | back 24 membrane that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities |
front 25 Where is serous fluid found? | back 25 between the layers of the visceral and parietal membranes |
front 26 Anatomical Position: | back 26 standing erect, facing forward, upper limbs at the sides, palms facing forward and thumbs out |
front 27 Sagittal or Median | back 27 divides body into left and right portions |
front 28 Mid-sagittal | back 28 divides body into equal left and right portions |
front 29 Transverse or Horizontal | back 29 divides body into superior and inferior portions |
front 30 Coronal or Frontal | back 30 divides body into anterior and posterior portions |
front 31 Superior VS Inferior | back 31 above VS below |
front 32 Anterior VS posterior | back 32 towards the front VS towards the back |
front 33 Medial VS lateral | back 33 closer to the midline VS towards the side |
front 34 Proximal VS Distal | back 34 closer to the trunk VS farther from the trunk |
front 35 Superficial VS deep | back 35 near the surface VS more internal |
front 36 Dorsal body cavities: Cranial cavity | back 36 Brain |
front 37 Dorsal body cavities: Vertebral cavity | back 37 Spinal cord |
front 38 Ventral body cavities: Thoracic cavity | back 38 heart and lungs |
front 39 Abdominopelvic cavity: Abdominal cavity | back 39 stomach, liver, intestines, pancreas, etc. |
front 40 Abdominopelvic cavity: Pelvic cavity | back 40 urinary bladder, internal reproductive organs, terminal end of large intestine |
front 41 What are ventral body cavities separated by? | back 41 The diaphragm |