AP2 Quiz Questions Flashcards


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Everything he just gave us on Friday
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1

Lymph is similar to blood plasma, but very low in ________.

Protein

2

The first of a series of neutrophil behaviors in inflammation is ________.

margination

3

________ are secreted by cells infected with viruses, alerting neighboring cells and protecting them from becoming infected.

Interferons

4

The ________ tonsils are the largest, and their surgical removal (tonsillectomy) used to be one of the most common surgical procedures performed in children.

palatine

5

Which of the following does (do) not belong to the second line of defense?

The gastric juices

6

Which of the following forces does not help lymph to flow?

The lymphatic node pump

7

________ lacks the capacity to remember a pathogen or react differently to it in the future, whereas ________ utilizes memory cells to adapt to a given pathogen and ward it off more easily in the future.

Nonspecific resistance; adaptive immunity

8

Removal of the ________ would be more harmful to a one-year-old child than an adult.

thymus

9

________ are the largest of the lymphatic vessels, and they empty into the ________.

Collecting ducts; subclavian veins

10

When an enemy cell is present, a(n) ________ secrete perforins, which bore a hole in the enemy cell membrane.

natural killer cell

11

Which of these cellular agents does not participate in inflammation?

Cytotoxic T cells

12

Special lymphatic vessels, called lacteals, absorb dietary ________ that are not absorbed by the blood capillaries.

lipids

13

________ employ a "respiratory burst" to produce bactericidal chemicals such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hypochlorite (HClO).

Neutrophils

14

________ are found especially in the mucous membrane, standing guard against parasites and allergens.

Eosinophils

15

Vaccination stimulates ________ immunity.

artificial active

16

Tom is in respiratory arrest due to an electrical shock. Why does a good samaritan have up to 4 or 5 minutes to begin CPR and save Tom's life?

a venous reserve of oxygen in Tom's blood

17

Which law states that the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of its individual gases?

Dalton's Law

18

Which of the following has no effect on oxyhemoglobin dissociation?

erythrocyte count

19

The upper respiratory tract extends from the nose through the ________.

from the nose through the larynx

20

Normally, the systemic arterial blood has a Po2 of ________ mm Hg, a Pco2 of ________ mm Hg, and a pH of ________. (You better not get this wrong)

95; 40; 7.4

21

How is the vital capacity calculated?

expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume

22

Which of the following would slow down gas exchange between the blood and alveolar air?

an increase in membrane thickness

23

The addition of CO2 to the blood generates ________ ions in the RBCs, which in turn stimulates RBCs to unload more oxygen.

hydrogen

24

Which of the following is not a function of the respiratory system?

Aids in defecation

25

In one passage through a bed of systemic blood capillaries, the blood gives up about what percentage of its oxygen?

70-85%

26

What are the most numerous cells in the lungs?

Dust cells

27

Which of the following does not contain ciliated cells?

Larygopharynx

28

Each hemoglobin molecule can transport up to ________ oxygen molecules.

4

29

Which bronchus is about 5cm long and slightly narrower and more horizontal than the one on the opposite side?

Left main bronchus

30

Deep, rapid breathing often seen in terminal diabetes mellitus is known as what?

Kussmaul respiration

31

Total saturation of protein transporters for a given solute in the renal tubules would result in ________.

appearance of that solute in the urine.

32

A single lobe of a kidney is comprised of ________.

one pyramid and the overlying cortex.

33

Blood plasma is filtered in the ________.

the renal corpuscle

34

Which organ system does not excrete waste?

the cardiovascular system

35

A patient enters a hospital after a motorcycle accident. He complains of mid-back pain. X-rays reveal both rib and pelvic fractures. His emergency room examination includes urinalysis. Which of the following findings from the urinalysis would most likely suggest trauma to the kidneys from the accident, but not to the urinary bladder?

albuminuria

36

Which of the following is not composed of cuboidal epithelium?

the thin segment of the nephron loop

37

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

They release waste into the bloodstream

38

A renal pyramid voids urine into the ________.

the minor calyx

39

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

segmental a. → interlobar a. → arcuate a. → interlobular a

40

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

41

In a healthy kidney, very little ________ is filtered by the glomerulus.

Protein

42

Which of the following are primarily responsible for maintaining the salinity gradient of the renal medulla?

juxtamedullary nephrons

43

Natriuretic peptide inhibits ________ reabsorption by the collecting duct, which ________ urine output.

NaCl; increases

44

Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?

The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

45

In life threatening starvation, the kidneys synthesize glucose by ________.

deaminating amino acids

46

Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate by the ________.

proximal convoluted tubule