1. Viruses leave the infected host cell by
b. cell lysis or budding
2. Viruses that transform cells and cause cancerous growth are called __________.
b. oncogenic viruses
3. T-even bacteriophage genetic material is
c. injected into the host cell
4. Viruses are incapable of which of the following independent activities:
d. all of the above
5. Antibiotic resistance may be attributed to all of the following except
d. lytic phages
6. Clear areas produced by lytic bacteriophages on a "lawn" of bacterial host cell.
c. plaques
7. The __________ period is the time between entry of the phage
nucleic acid into a host cell and the formation of
a completely
assembled phage within that host.
d. eclipse phase
8. Stage of viral replication in which the virus crosses the host's plasma membrane.
c. budding release from the host cell
9. HIV possess an envelope because of
c. nucleic acid sequences
10. Utilized by the Centers for Disease Control [CDC] to characterize
strains of influenza viruses that are
anticipated to cause major outbreaks.
a. H and N proteins of the envelope
11. Which of the following is not a stage of viral replication?
b. binary fission
12. Once incorporated into the bacterial DNA, the viral DNA is referred to as a _____________.
b. prophage
13. Obligate intracellular parasites consisting of a protein only.
b. prion
14. Viruses that are replicating their DNA and assembling new viral particles are best described as.
d. lytic
15. Animal viruses may be replicated in the _______________.
c. either the cytoplasm or the nucleus
16. Entry of a plant virus into a susceptible plant often involves:
c. insect bites
17. The ____ period begins when the phage injects its nucleic acid
into a host cell and ends when the first
assembled virus appears
outside the host cell.
c. latent
18. Viral specificity is attributed to:
b. the binding sites
19. Viral nucleic acid.
c. either DNA or RNA
20. In order for a RNA virus to replicate its genetic information for new viral particles.
c. reverse transcriptase will produce a DNA template from the viral RNA
21. Which of the following does not occur during a viral infection?
d. RNA viruse directly copy their genetic material to synthesize new viruses
22. Viral capsids
b. are formed from capsomeres
23. A virus that infects bacteria is called a
a. phage
24. As viruses grow
d. all of the above
25. The response of a plant to viral infections includes which of the following?
d. all of these
26. Match the following: inclusions
c. accumulation of viral particles within the nucleus
27. Match the following: viroids
d. naked RNA that causes plant disease
28. Match the following: prions
a. infectious protein particles
29. Match the following: lytic phage
e. results in viral replication and lysis of host cell
30. Match the following: capsomeres
b. protein molecules that form capsid
31. Match the following: Cytopathetic effect
c. damage to host cell that alters microscopic appearance
32. Match the following: delta agentsl
a. RNA that's expressed in the presence of Hepatitis B
33. Match the following: Icosahedral
d. 20 sided structure
34. Match the following: Capsomeres
e. structural unit composed of protomers
35. Match the following: satellite viruses
b. will only grow in Adeno infected host cell
36. Match the following: Genital Wartsv
e. Papilloma virus
37. Match the following: Rabies
c. Rhabdovirus
38. Match the following: Infantile diarrhea
a. Rotavirus
39. Match the following: Polio
b. Enterovirus
40. Match the following: Small Pox
d. Variola
41. Match the following: Common Colds
d. Rhinovirus
42. Match the following: Ebola, Marburg
a. Filovirus
43. Match the following: Influenza viruses
e. Orthomyxoviruses
44. Match the following: Burkitt’s Lymphoma
c. Epstein-Barr virus
45. Match the following: RSV
b. Pneumovirus
46. Viruses have all the following except:
b. metabolism
47. Host cells of viruses include:
e. all of the choices are correct
48. The core of every virus particle always contains:
e. either DNA or RNA
49. Classification of viruses into families involves determining all the following characteristics except:
d. biochemical reactions
50. Which of the following represents a virus family name?
b. Herpesviridae
51. Virus capsids are made from subunits called:
c. capsomeres
52. Helical and icosahedral are terms used to describe the shapes of a virus:
d. capsid
53. Viruses:
a. cannot be seen in a light microscope
54. All of the following pertain to virus envelopes except:
e. located between the capsid and nucleic acid
55. Which of the following is not associated with every virus?
a. envelope
56. These structures are used by bacteriophages to attach to host cell receptors:
b. tail fibers
57. Which is incorrect about prophages?
d. cause lysis of host cells
58. T-even phages:
b. infect Escherichia coli cells
59. The correct sequence of events in viral multiplication is:
c. adsorption, penetration, replication, maturation, assembly, release
60. The event that occurs in bacteriophage multiplication that does not occur in animal virus replication is:
b. injection of the viral nucleic acid into the host cell
61. Viruses acquire envelopes around their nucleocapsids during:
d. release
62. Which of the following will not support viral cultivation?
e. blood agar
63. In general, most DNA viruses multiply in the host cell's _____,
while most RNA viruses multiply in the host
cell's _____.
a. nucleus, cytoplasm
64. Host range is limited by:
c. type of host cell receptors on cell membrane
65. The virus-induced, specific damage to the host cell that can be seen in a light microscope is called:
d. cytopathic effects
66. Visible, clear, well-defined patches in a monolayer of virus-infected cells in a culture are called:
c. plaques
67. Viral growth in bird embryos can cause discrete, opaque spots in the embryonic membranes called:
e. pocks
68. Viruses that cause infection resulting in alternating periods of
activity with symptoms and inactivity without
symptoms are called:
a. latent
69. Oncogenic viruses include all the following except:
b. measles virus
70. Which of the following is a type of cytopathic effect?
e. all of the choices are correct
71. Uncoating of viral nucleic acid:
e. all of the choices are correct
72. Infectious protein particles are called:
c. prions
73. Infectious naked strands of RNA are called:
a. viroids
74. Creutzfeld-Jacob disease is:
d. a spongiform encephalopathy of humans
75. Satellite viruses are:
b. dependent on other viruses for replication
76. Viruses with single-stranded DNA are the:
e. Parvoviruses
77. All of the following belong to the Herpesviridae except:
c. Variola virus
78. Smallpox is a disease in which:
a. fever, prostration, rash, and possible toxemia and shock occur
79. All of the following pertain to monkeypox except:
e. the virus has shown a trend in becoming less virulent, with fewer outbreaks in humans
80. All of the following pertain to herpes simplex-1 (HSV-1) except:
c. latent in the lumbosacral spinal nerve ganglia
81. Herpes simplex-2 (HSV-2) causes:
e. all of the choices are correct
82. An occasional serious complication of herpes simplex-1 is:
c. encephalitis
83. Which of the following antivirals is not used for treatment of HSV-1 and HSV-2?
a. interferon
84. Chickenpox:
e. all of the choices are correct
85. Herpes whitlow is a deep set herpes simplex virus infection of the:
b. finger
86. Varicella-zoster virus:
e. all of the choices are correct
87. If a person who has never been infected with the varicella-zoster
virus comes in contact with a person who
has shingles, they will
come down with:
c. chickenpox
88. Epstein-Barr virus has the following characteristics except:
a. infects the respiratory epithelium
89. Symptoms of infectious mononucleosis include:
c. sore throat, fever, cervical lymphadenopathy, and splenomegaly
90. Cytomegalovirus mononucleosis typically has fever and
lymphocytosis, but in severely immunocompromised
patients
symptoms include
d. fever, severe diarrhea, pneumonitis, hepatitis and retinitis
91. The patients at greatest risk for severe cytomegalovirus infection include all the following except:
a. diabetics
92. Cytomegalovirus:
e. all of the choices are correct
93. Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) has the following characteristics except:
d. causes Kaposi's sarcoma
94. The hepadnaviruses:
b. show tropism for the liver
95. Inflammation of the liver with necrosis of the hepatocytes and
swelling due to a mononuclear response is a
disease called:
a. hepatitis
96. Hepatitis B virus:
e. all of the choices are correct
97. Hepatitis B infection:
c. increases risk for hepatocellular cancer
98. Adenoviruses are:
e. all of the choices are correct
99. Which is incorrect about warts:
d. are frequently cancerous
100. All of the following pertain to genital warts except:
a. are not common in the United States
101. Polyomaviruses:
e. all of the choices are correct
102. Which is incorrect about Parvoviruses?
c. belong to the Papovarvirus family
103. Fifth disease:
e. all of the choices are correct
104. Characteristics of the Orthomyxoviruses include all of the following except::
b. include paramyxoviruses
105. The enzyme associated with the influenza virus that hydrolyzes
the protective mucous coating of the
respiratory tract is:
d. neuraminidase
106. Inhalation of respiratory secretions is involved in the transmission of the following except:
c. dengue fever
107. Symptoms of influenza include:
c. fever, myalgia, sore throat, cough, nasal discharge
108. Reye's syndrome involves:
e. all of the choices are correct
109. Influenza vaccines include all the following except:
d. provides lifelong immunity
110. Influenza infection predisposes compromised patients for acquiring:
b. bacterial pneumonia
111. Which is not a disease caused by arenaviruses:
c. hantaviruses
112. Sin Nombre hantavirus has all the following characteristics except:
a. reservoir is human carriers
113. Parainfluenza virus:
d. transmitted by aerosol transmission from rodent excreta
114. Orchitis and epididymitis is seen in young adult males as a complication of:
b. is in the Orthomyxovirus family
115. Oral lesions called Koplik's spots are seen in patients with:
d. measles (rubeola)
116. This infection is marked by labored, noisy breathing and a hoarse cough:
a. croup
117. This febrile disease with a rash has a pathogen that can cross the placenta and cause serious fetal damage:
e. rubella
118. Which is incorrect about the MMR immunization?
b. contains toxoids
119. All the following pertain to measles (rubeola) except:
a. transmitted by direct contact with the rash
120. Respiratory syncytial virus (Pneumovirus):
e. all of the choices are correct
121. Which is incorrect about rabies:
d. average incubation in human is 1 week
122. Treatment of an animal bite for possible rabies includes:
e. all of the choices are correct
123. Coronaviruses cause:
e. common cold and SARS
124. Sudden acute respiratory syndrome (SARS):
a. causes high fever, pneumonia, respiratory distress, and diarrhea
125. Rubella is:
c. associated with congenital transmission causing miscarriage,
deafness, and cardiac and mental
defects
126. All arboviruses involve:
b. arthropod vectors
127. Encephalitis caused by arboviruses involve:
e. all of the choices are correct
128. Which of the following is a hemorrhagic fever?
a. yellow fever
129. West Nile virus has the following characteristics except:
a. causes hemorrhagic fever
130. Yellow fever and dengue fever are:
e. all of the choices are correct
131. Retroviruses have the following characteristics except:
b. DNA genome
132. All of the following pertain to patients with AIDS except:
e. highest number of cases worldwide is in the United States
133. Documented transmission of HIV involves:
b. unprotected sexual intercourse and contact with blood/blood products
134. All of the following pertain to HIV except:
d. ELISA and Western blot tests detect HIV antigens
135. Which drug/s interfere with the action of an HIV enzyme needed
for final assembly and maturation of the
virus?
b. protease inhibitors
136. This new class of drugs will interfere with viral integration into host DNA:
d. integrase inhibitors
137. A frequent cancer that is seen in AIDS patients is:
c. Kaposi's sarcoma
138. Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL):
c. is a persistent lymphocytosis with large atypical lymphocytes that is progressive and fatal
139. All of the following pertain to poliomyelitis except:
a. summer outbreaks in the U.S. have been recently increasing
140. The major agents responsible for the common cold are:
b. Rhinoviruses
141. The worldwide, primary viral cause of morbidity and mortality from diarrhea is:
e. Rotavirus
142. Norwalk agent is:
e. all of the choices are correct
143. Which is incorrect about hepatitis A infection?
c. predisposes a person for liver cancer
144. Spongiform encephalopathies are:
e. all of the choices are correct