Human Anatomy & Physiology: Chapter 16: The Endocrine System Flashcards


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The Endocrine System
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1

The major stimulus for release of parathyroid hormone is

Humoral

2

The anterior pituitary secretes all but

Antidiuretic hormone

3

A hormone not involved in glucose metabolism is

Aldosterone

4

Parathyroid hormone

Demineralizes bone and raises blood calcium levels

5

Choose from the following key to identify the hormones described

  1. Aldosterone e. Oxytocin
  2. Antidiuretic hormone f. Prolactin
  3. Growth hormone g. T4 and T3
  4. Luteinizing hormone h. TSH

1. Important anabolic hormone; many of its effects mediated by IGFs

Growth hormone

6

Choose from the following key to identify the hormones described

  1. Aldosterone e. Oxytocin
  2. Antidiuretic hormone f. Prolactin
  3. Growth hormone g. T4 and T3
  4. Luteinizing hormone h. TSH

2. Cause the kidneys to conserve water and/or salt (two choices)

Aldosterone & Antidiuretic hormone

7

Choose from the following key to identify the hormones described

  1. Aldosterone e. Oxytocin
  2. Antidiuretic hormone f. Prolactin
  3. Growth hormone g. T4 and T3
  4. Luteinizing hormone h. TSH

3. Stimulates milk production

Prolactin

8

Choose from the following key to identify the hormones described

  1. Aldosterone e. Oxytocin
  2. Antidiuretic hormone f. Prolactin
  3. Growth hormone g. T4 and T3
  4. Luteinizing hormone h. TSH

4. Tropic hormone that stimulates the gonads to secrete sex hormones

Luteinizing hormone

9

Choose from the following key to identify the hormones described

  1. Aldosterone e. Oxytocin
  2. Antidiuretic hormone f. Prolactin
  3. Growth hormone g. T4 and T3
  4. Luteinizing hormone h. TSH

5. Increases uterine contraction during birth

Oxytocin

10

Choose from the following key to identify the hormones described

  1. Aldosterone e. Oxytocin
  2. Antidiuretic hormone f. Prolactin
  3. Growth hormone g. T4 and T3
  4. Luteinizing hormone h. TSH

6. Major metabolic hormone(s) of the body

T4 and T3

11

Choose from the following key to identify the hormones described

  1. Aldosterone e. Oxytocin
  2. Antidiuretic hormone f. Prolactin
  3. Growth hormone g. T4 and T3
  4. Luteinizing hormone h. TSH

7. Causes reabsorption of sodium ions by the kidney

Aldosterone

12

Choose from the following key to identify the hormones described

  1. Aldosterone e. Oxytocin
  2. Antidiuretic hormone f. Prolactin
  3. Growth hormone g. T4 and T3
  4. Luteinizing hormone h. TSH

8. Tropic hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete thyroid hormone

TSH

13

Choose from the following key to identify the hormones described

  1. Aldosterone e. Oxytocin
  2. Antidiuretic hormone f. Prolactin
  3. Growth hormone g. T4 and T3
  4. Luteinizing hormone h. TSH

9. Secreted by the posterior pituitary (two choices)

Antidiuretic hormone & Oxytocin

14

Choose from the following key to identify the hormones described

  1. Aldosterone e. Oxytocin
  2. Antidiuretic hormone f. Prolactin
  3. Growth hormone g. T4 and T3
  4. Luteinizing hormone h. TSH

10. The only steroid hormone on the list

Aldosterone

15

A hypodermic injection of epinephrine would

Increase heart rate, increase blood pressure, dilate the bronchi of the lungs, and decrease peristalsis

16

Testosterone is to the male as which hormone is to the female?

Estrogen

17

If anterior pituitary secretion is deficient in a growing child, the child will

Become a dwarf but have fairly normal body proportions

18

If there is adequate carbohydrate intake, secretion of insulin results in

All of these

19

Hormones

Are carried to all body parts of the body in the blood

20

Some hormones act by

All of these

21

Absence of thyroid hormone would result in

Depression of the CNS and lethargy

22

Medullary chromaffin cells are found in the

Adrenal gland

23

Atrial natriuretic peptide secreted by the heart has exactly the opposite function of this hormone secreted by the zona glomerulosa

Aldosterone

24

Endocrine glands differ from exocrine glands in that they do NOT ______.

have ducts

25

Hormones can be all of the following except______.

carbohydrates

26

Target organs respond to water-soluble hormones because of the presence of _____ on the cell membranes.

specific receptors

27

Most of the amino acid-based hormones affect the target organs using _______.

intracellular second messengers

28

Hormones that directly activate genes are classified as _____.

lipid soluble

29

The islets of Langerhans are found in which endocrine organ?

Pancreas

30

In which region of the adrenal gland is aldosterone produced?

Adrenal cortex

31

This gland atrophies after puberty.

Thymus

32

Which endocrine gland is tiny, yellow-brown in color, and arranged in thick, branching cords?

Parathyroid gland

33

Where is oxytocin produced?

Hypothalamus

34

The epiphyseal is the target organ of this hormone.

GH

35

What are the effects of PTH?

  1. Increase osteoclast activity
  2. Increase Ca2+ reabsorption in the kidney
  3. Increase Ca2+ absorption in the intestine

All of the above

36

This hormone is important in sodium regulation and therefore water balance.

Aldosterone

37

For which hormone is the role in males NOT well understood?

PRL

38

The target organ of thyrotropin-releasing hormone is the _____.

Anterior pituitary gland

39

Which area of the brain regulates the endocrine system?

Hypothalamus

40

Much of the endocrine system regulates itself through a process called _______.

negative feedback

41

Hormones are secreted in response to all of the following stimuli EXCEPT ______.

up-regulation

42

The anterior pituitary stimulates other endocrine organs by secreting a group of hormones called _____.

tropic hormones

43

An excess of hormones in the blood may cause target organs to decrease the number of receptors for that hormone in a process called _____.

down-regulation

44

Acromegaly is a result of hypersecretion of this hormone.

Growth hormone

45

Endemic goiter results from a lack of _____ in the diet.

iodine

46

Hypoglycemia is a problem with which hormone?

Insulin

47

Cushing's disease is caused by _____.

Hypersecretion of the adrenal glands

48

Exophthalmos is a sign of hypersecretion of this hormone.

Thyroxine

49

A person with endemic goiter suffers from _____.

A hypofunctioning thyroid gland