STUDY GUIDE chapter 1,2,3 Flashcards

^{Phase of metabolism that provides energy by BREAKING DOWN COMPLEX MOLECULES into SIMPLE MOLECULES. (e.g.) PROTEINS → AMINO ACIDS}

^ISOTOPES

^{Heterogeneous, will settle}

^{What type of homeostatic feedback reflex is the withdrawal reflex?}

^{An atom with ________ electrons could be an anion when ionically bonded.}

^{in certain kinds of muscle cells, calcium ions are stored}

^{An example of a coenzyme is}

^{What is a DIPOLE?}

^{Two good examples of a colloid would be Jell-O® or}

^{Phase of metabolism that uses the energy from CATABOLISM to build up the BODY'S STRUCTURAL and FUNCTIONAL COMPONENTS. It is also called BIOSYNTHESIS. (e.g.) AMINO ACIDS → PROTEINS.}

^{The coiling of the protein chain backbone into an alpha helix is referred to as the ________.}

^{Which of the following are subdivisions of anatomy?}

^{A solution that has a pH of 2 could best be described as being ________.}

^{In a DNA molecule, the phosphate serves}

^{The numbers listed represent the first, second, and third energy levels, respectively. On this basis, which of the following is an unstable or reactive atom?}

^{The ATP molecule is not used in?}

^{Which of the following is a neutralization reaction?}

^{What is the pathway between the receptor and the control center in the reflex pathway called?}

^{In certain kinds of muscle cells, calcium ions are stored in}

1. ^{Abundant in tissues subjected to great mechanical stress.}
2. ^{type of anchoring junction.}
3. ^{Communicating junction.}
4. ^{Present in electrically excitable tissues.}

^{If an atom were to have two protons, then it would}

^{Which body system would be most affected by a lower than normal atmospheric pressure?}

Most fibrous proteins in the body contain all of these except:

^{Can lungs carry out excretory functions? Explain your answer.}

• ^{Heat shock proteins (hsp) are a type of protein called}
• ^{Stress proteins are a type of protein called}

^HYDROGEN

^{In liquid XYZ, you notice that light is scattered as it passes through. There is no precipitant in
the bottom of the beaker, though it has been sitting for several days. This liquid must be a}

^{Heterogeneous, will not settle}

1. ^{Plays a role in the synthesis of steroid-based hormones and proteins.}
2. ^{The actual site of protein synthesis}
3. ^{Hollow cytoskeletal elements that act as organizers for the cytoskeleton.}
4. ^{Houses DNA and RNA.}
5. ^{Dense spherical bodies in the nucleus that are the synthesis site for ribosomal RNA.}

^{Which of the following is not considered a factor in influencing a reaction rate?}

^{In redox reactions ________.}

^{What is a vertical section through the body, dividing it into anterior and posterior regions called?}

^{Select which reactions will usually be irreversible regarding chemical equilibrium in living
systems.}

^{Select the statement about mixtures that is correct.}

^{What broad term covers all chemical reactions that occur within the body cells?}

^{Fibrous proteins}

^{Which of the following is true regarding the concentration of solutions?}

1. ^{What does gross anatomy study?}
2. ^{In which body cavities are the lungs located?}
3. ^{The pH of body fluids must remain fairly constant for the body to maintain homeostasis}

1. ^{What is the goal of all of the negative feedback mechanisms of the body?}
2. ^{Which of the following describes a parasagittal plane?}
3. ^{What is a vertical section through the body, dividing it into left and right, called?}

1. ^{What is a dynamic equilibrium of your internal environment termed?}
2. ^{The body cavities that protect the nervous system are located in the ____ cavity}.

1. ^{Nuclear membrane and nucleolus disintegrate.}
2. ^{Chromosomes align on the spindle equator.}
3. ^{Centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell}
4. ^{Chromosomes uncoil to form chromatin.}
5. ^{Chromosomal centromeres split and chromosomes migrate to opposite ends of the cell.}

^{The single most abundant protein in the body is ________.}

1. ^{Similar cells that have a common function are called ________. Answer:}
2. ^{Which of the following organs or structures would be found in the left iliac region?}

^{THE FOLLOWING DESCRIBE ENZYMES?}

^{The parietal pleura would represent a serous membrane}

^{Smallest particle of an element that retains its properties.}

^{If cells are placed in a hypertonic solution containing a solute to which the membrane is impermeable, what could happen?}

^{What moves cell organelles from one location to another inside a cell?}

^{The basic structural material of the body consists of}

^{Help prevent molecules from passing through the extracellular space between adjacent cells.}

^{An amino acid may act as a proton acceptor or donor.}

^{A dipeptide can be broken into two amino acids by dehydration synthesis.}

^{In general, the lipids that we refer to as oils have ________.}

^{Many plasma proteins may function as _________.}

^{Hydrogen bonds are too weak to bind atoms together to form molecules but are important intramolecular bonds}

^{Which one of the following systems responds fastest to environmental stimuli?}

1. ^{Act as "interpreter" molecules that recognize specific amino acids and nucleotide base sequences.}
2. ^{Produced in the nucleus, this molecule specifies the exact sequence of amino acids of the protein to be made.}

• ^{Ribosomal RNA}

^{Which structures are fingerlike projections that greatly increase the absorbing surface of cells?}

^{May be attached to the ER or scattered in the cytoplasm}

1. ^{In a DNA molecule, the phosphate serves}
2. ^{The genetic information is coded in DNA by the ________.}
3. ^{The RNA responsible for bringing the amino acids to the ribosome for protein formation is}
4. ^{The RNA that has an anticodon and attaches to a specific amino acid is ________ RNA}

• ^ATP

^{Anything that occupies space and has mass.}

^{Although a man who weighs 175 pounds on Earth would be lighter on the moon and heavier on Jupiter, his ________ would not be different.}

^{Which of the following is not true of proteins?}

^{Coenzymes are ________.}

1. ^BLOOD
2. ^{A red blood cell placed in pure water would}

^{What type of chemical bond can form between an element with 11 protons and an element with 17 protons?}

^{Carbohydrates and proteins are built up from their basic building blocks by the ________.}

1. ^{Neutral subatomic particle}
2. ^{What happens when globular proteins are denatured?}

^{Is a function of, and varies with, gravity.}

^{Dry ice (frozen carbon dioxide).}

^{Which of the following describes the plasma membrane?}

^{Legs moving the pedals of a bicycle.}

^{When the bonds of ATP are broken, energy is released to do cellular work}.

^{Can be measured only by its effects on matter}

^{The lower the pH, the higher the hydrogen ion concentration.}

^{Are able to detoxify substances by enzymatic action.}

^{Are hollow tubes made of spherical protein subunits called tubulins. Answer:}

^Carbon

^{Which of the following is not a role of molecular chaperonins?}

^{Represented by the flow of charged particles along a conductor, or the flow of ions across a membrane.}

^{Which of the following does NOT describe enzymes?}

^{What does the polar end of a phospholipid contain?}

^{Which metals have a toxic effect on the body?}

^{Removes and filters excess fluid from tissues.}

1. ^{If you consider your home air conditioner in terms of homeostasis, then the wall thermostat would be the}
2. ^{How many phosphates would AMP have attached to it?}
3. ^{A chemical reaction in which bonds are broken is usually associated with ________.}

1. ^{A structure that is composed of two or more tissue types that work together to perform specific functions for the body is a(n}
2. ^{Glucose is an example of a monosaccharide.}

1. ^{Which of the following is NOT a function of lysosomes?}
2. ^{Mixtures are combinations of elements or compounds that are physically blended together but are not bound by chemical bonds}

^{Which feedback mechanism causes the variable to deviate further and further from its original value or range? Answer:}

1. ^{a polymer of glucose found in animals; stored form of glucose}
2. ^{Starch is the stored carbohydrate in plants, while ______ is the stored carbohydrate in animals.}
3. ^{Carbohydrates are stored in the liver and muscles in the form of ________.}

1. ^{Ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and the Golgi apparatus functionally act in sequence to synthesize and modify proteins for secretory use (export) only, never for use by the cell. This statement is ________.}
2. ^{What is the main, general purpose of negative feedback?}

• ^{contain some of the DNA and RNA code necessary for their own function}
• ^{Other than the nucleus, which organelle has its own DNA?}
• ^{Aerobic cellular respiration occurs in the ________. Answer:}

1. ^{Buffers resist abrupt and large changes in the pH of the body by releasing or binding ions}
2. ^{Weak acids and bases make good _______.}

1. ^{Passive membrane transport processes include}
2. ^{Which of the following statements is correct regarding net diffusion?}

^{The higher we go in the mountains, the greater the atmospheric pressure, resulting in an increase in available oxygen. Comment on this statement.}

^{Which of the following is NOT a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?}

^{A holoenzyme is composed of an apoenzyme and a(n) ________. Answer:}

1. ^{is division of the nucleus}
2. ^{The metabolic or growth phase of a cell life cycle is called ________.}

^{Why are the abdominopelvic cavity organs the most vulnerable to blunt deceleration in an automobile accident with seat belts?}

^{What can happen when the usual negative feedback mechanisms are overwhelmed and destructive positive feedback mechanisms take over?}

^{Which of the following is not a factor that binds cells together?}

^{Hydrogen bonds are more like a type of weak ________ than true bonds.}

1. ^{Will not scatter light.}
2. ^{_______ have a bitter taste, feel slippery, and are proton acceptors. Answer:}
3. ^{Number of protons in an atom}

^{Current information suggests that omega-3 fatty acids decrease the risk of heart disease.}

^{Which of these is an inclusion, not an organelle?}

^{Combined number of protons and neutrons in an atom}

1. ^{An atom with three electrons would have a valence of ________. Answer: one}
2. ^{Smallest particle of a compound that still retains its properties.}
3. ^{First one or two letters of an element's name}

^{Electrically charged particle due to loss of an electron.}

1. ^{Which transport process is the main mechanism for the movement of most macromolecules by body cells?}

1. ^{If the nucleotide or base sequence of the DNA strand used as a template for messenger RNA synthesis is}
2. ^{If a tRNA had an AGC anticodon, it could attach to a(n) ________ mRNA codon.}
3. ^{Which of the following statements is correct regarding RNA}

1. ^{The atomic number is equal to the number of ________. Answer:}
2. ^{Which cavity contains the bladder, some reproductive organs, and the rectum? Answer:}

1. ^{In which stage of mitosis do the identical sets of chromosomes uncoil and resume their chromatin form?}
2. ^{hoose the following statement that is not completely correct regarding serous membranes}.

• ^{Which of the following does not serve as a signal for cell division?}
• ^{The numbers listed represent the number of electrons in the first, second, and third energy levels, respectively. On this basis, which of the following is an unstable or reactive atom?}

1. ^{Riboswitches are folded RNAs that act as switches to turn protein synthesis on or off in response to}

1. ^{SPECIALIZATION of the CELLS.}
2. ^{Once solid material is phagocytized and taken into a vacuole, which of the following statements best describes what happens?}

1. ^{Which statement is the most correct regarding transcription/translation?}
2. ^{FORMATION of new CELLS; or FORMATION of new INDIVIDUAL.}

^{Which of the following statements is most correct regarding the intracellular chemical signals known as "second messengers"?}

1. ^{The main component of the cytosol is}
2. ^{Which of the following is a principle of the fluid mosaic model of cell membrane structure?}

1. ^{The functions of centrioles include ________.}
2. ^{Which of the following is the major positive ion outside cells?}

1. ^{A gene can best be defined as}
2. ^{In order for the DNA molecule to get "short and fat" to become a chromosome, it must first wrap around small molecules called ________. Answer:}

^{Crenation (shrinking) is likely to occur in blood cells immersed in ______.}

^{Caveolae are closely associated with all of the following?}

1. ^{Some hormones enter cells via}
2. ^{A chemical reaction in which bonds are broken is usually associated with}
3. ^{Which of the following elements is necessary for proper conduction of nervous impulses?}

1. ^{Hollow cylinders that connect plasma membranes composed of transmembrane protein are called}
2. ^{The electron microscope has revealed that one of the components within the cell consists of pinwheel array of 9 triplets of microtubules arranged to form a hollow tube. This structure is a}

^{Describe two important functions of the Golgi apparatus.}

1. ^{Which type of cell junction acts as anchors and distributes tension through a cellular sheet and reduces the chance of tearing when it is subjected to great mechanical stress?}

1. ^{The process of discharging particles from inside a cell to the outside is called}
2. ^{Salts are always}
3. ^{Why is anatomical terminology necessary?}

1. ^{A bond in which electrons are completely lost or gained by the atoms involved.}
2. ^{Briefly describe the glycocalyx and its functions.}

^{Explain the term genetic code. What does it code for? What are the letters of the code?}

1. ^{Why are free radicals so dangerous to cells, and how are they dealt with by the body?}
2. ^{A charged particle is generally called an ion or electrolyte}

1. ^{A bond in which electrons are shared equally.}
2. ^{What processes maintain a steady state "resting" membrane potential?}

1. ^{Which of the following is NOT a role of cell adhesion molecules}
2. ^{Why can we say that a cell without a nucleus will ultimately die?}

1. ^{How are the products of free ribosomes different from membrane-bound ribosomes?}
2. ^{The acidity of a solution reflects the free hydrogen ions in the solution}

^{What is the common route of entry for flu viruses into a cell?}

How are peroxisomes different from lysosomes?

Briefly name the subphases of interphase and tell what they do.

1. ^{Which of the following is a role of cell adhesion molecules}
2. ^{The fact that no chemical bonding occurs between the components of a mixture is the chief difference between mixtures and compounds}

1. ^{Caveolae are closely associated with all of the following except}
2. ^{What happens in redox reactions?}
3. ^{A type of bond important in tying different parts of the same molecule together into a three-dimensional structure.}

1. ^{Each daughter cell resulting from mitotic cell division has exactly as many chromosomes as the parent cell.}
2. ^{Introns represent a genome scrap yard that provides DNA segments for genome evolution and a variety of}
3. ^{Final preparation for cell division is made during the cell life cycle subphase called G2. Lipid rafts, found in the cell}
4. ^{Lipid rafts, found in the cell outer membrane surface, are concentrating platforms for certain receptor molecules or for protein molecules needed for cell signaling..}

1. ^{Concentration differences cause ionic imbalances that polarize the cell membrane, and active transport processes.}
2. ^{The speed of individual particle diffusion is influenced by temperature and particle size, not by concentration.}
3. ^{Nitric oxide is known to be the first gas to act as a biological messenger.}
4. ^{There is only one cell type in the human body that has a flagellum.}

1. ^{Cholesterol helps to stabilize the cell membrane while decreasing the mobility of the phospholipids.}
2. ^{Interstitial fluid represents one type of extracellular material.}
3. ^{The orderly sequence of the phases of mitosis is prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.}

1. ^{Which of the following would be regarded as an organic molecule?}
2. ^{What is a chain of more than 50 amino acids called?}
3. ^{Choose the answer that best describes fibrous proteins.}

1. ^{What level of protein synthesis is represented by the coiling of the protein chain backbone into an alpha helix?}
2. ^{A bond in which electrons are shared unequally}

1. ^{Carbohydrates and proteins are built up from their basic building blocks by the}
2. ^{Which of the following does not describe uses for the ATP molecule?}

1. ^{Choose the answer that best describes HCO3-.}
2. ^{It is the difference in the R group that makes each amino acid chemically unique}

^{The ability to sense changes in the environment and respond to them is called?.}

^{What is the ratio of fatty acids to glycerol in neutral fats?}

^{Neutral fats have a________ ratio of fatty acids to glycerol.}

^{is fat soluble, produced in the skin on exposure to UV radiation, and necessary for normal bone growth and function}

^{The four elements that make up about 96% of body matter are}

^{Molecules such as methane that are made of atoms that share electrons have ________ bonds. Answer:}

^{Atom X has 17 protons. How many electrons are in its valence shell?}

^{Which property of water is demonstrated when we sweat?}

^{Which protein types are vitally important to cell function in all types of stressful circumstances?}

^{If atom X has an atomic number of 74 it would have which of the following?}

^{The atomic weight is only an average of relative weights of an atom and its isotopes, and it may vary from the weight of a specific isotope}

^{What does the formula C6H12O6 mean}

^{Explain the difference between potential and kinetic energy.}

^{How can phospholipids form a film when mixed in water?}

^{Select the most correct statement regarding nucleic acids.}

Which of the following statements is false?

Which of the following statements is false?

Select the most correct statement.

^{Which of the following are survival needs of the body?}

^{One of the functional characteristics of life is excitability or responsiveness. This refers to}

^{What does the "principle of complementarity of structures and function" mean? Answer:}

^{______ is explained by chemical and physical principles and is concerned with the function of specific organs or organic systems. Answer:}

^{Which of the following imaging devices would best localize a tumor in a person's brain?}

^{_ _ physiology concerns urine production and kidney function. Answer:}

^{What is the function of the serous membranes? Answer:}

^{Fully describe the anatomical position for the human body. Answer:}

^{Which of the following statements is the most correct regarding homeostatic imbalance?}

1. ^{Provides support and levers for muscles to pull}
2. ^{Homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains}
3. ^{The study of large body structures, visible to the naked eye, such as the heart is called ________ anatomy.}
4. ^{Histology would be best defined as a study of}

1. ^{HEAD, NECK, THORAX, ABDOMEN, PELVIS.}
2. ^{UPPER LIMBS, LOWER LIMBS.}

1. ^{The anatomical position is characterized by all of the following except ________.}
2. ^{Protects underlying organs from environmental damage and synthesizes vitamin D}

1. ^{Which of the following statements is true concerning feedback mechanisms?}

1. ^{Delivers oxygen and nutrients to the tissues}
2. ^{Controls the body with chemical molecules called hormones.}
3. ^{Produces antibodies that attach to foreign substances}
4. ^{esponds to environmental changes by transmitting electrical impulses}

1. ^{is located near the back of the body. It is divided into TWO CAVITIES:}
   
2. ^{Formed by the CRANIAL BONES; it houses the BRAIN.}
3. ^{Formed by VERTEBRAE of the backbone, it contains SPINAL CORD, and ROOTS of SPINAL NERVES.}

^{a type of bond important in tying different parts of the same molecule together into a three-dimensional structure}

1. ^{a bond in which electrons are NOT shared equally}
2. ^{a bond in which electrons are completely lost or gained by the atoms involved}
3. ^{a bond in which electrons are equally shared}

^{electrically charged particle from gain of an electron}

1. ^{subatomic particle with no charge}
2. ^{smallest particle of an element that retains is properties}
3. ^{smallest particle of a compound that still retains its properties}

^{electrically charged particle from loss of an electron}

1. ^{phospholipids}
2. ^{triglycerides}

1. ^{fatty acids with all single bonds between carbon atoms}
2. ^{fatty acids with one double bond between carbon atoms}
3. ^{fatty acids with more than one double bond between carbon atoms}
4. ^{trans fats}
5. ^{omega-3 fats}

1. ^{A + B → AB}
2. ^{AB → A + B}
3. ^{AB + C → AC + B}
4. ^{A + B ←→ AB}

1. ^{the linear sequence of amino acids comprising a protein chain}
2. ^{composed of alpha-helices and beta-pleated sheets}
3. ^{alpha-helical or beta-pleated regions folded upon each other}
4. ^{two or more proteins aggregated together}

1. ^{legs moving the pedals of a bicycle}
2. ^{energy released to do cellular work when the bonds of ATP are broken}
3. ^{energy that travels in waves; part of the electromagnetic spectrum}
4. ^{represented by the flow of charged particles along a conductor or the flow of ions across a membrane}

1. ^{The genetic code consists of the sequence of
   bases in ________ molecules}
2. ^{The genetic code is transcribed to the sequence
   of bases in _____ molecules.}

_{Protein Synthesis}

1. ^{Molecule that carries instructions for protein
   synthesis to ribosomes.}
2. ^{Molecule that carries amino acids to ribosome
   for addition to amino acid chain.}
3. ^{Small molecules that join to form a protein
   during translation.}

1 ^{) Division of the cytoplasm.}

^{2) Replication of chromosomes.}

^{3) Chromosomes appear as threadlike bodies.}

^{4) Chromatids move toward ends of spindle.}

1. ^{New nuclei start to form.}
2. ^{Occupies most of cell cycle}
3. ^{Chromosomes line up at equator of spindle.}
4. ^{Cell performs its normal functions.}

1. ^{Diffusion of water.}
2. ^{Engulfment of liquid droplets.}

1. ^{Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration}
2. ^{Results from random molecular movement.}

^{The source of energy captured in ATP. ______.}

^{The building blocks of nucleic acids are}

1. ^{The heart lies specifically in the _____ space.}
2. ^{ORGANS FOUND IN THE THORACIC CAVITY}
3. ^{Which of these is not part of the dorsal cavity?}

• ^{The _____ system plays a role in moving fluids, wastes, and bones?}
• ^{Directly causes mechanical motion}

^{The _____ system plays a role in moving fluids, wastes, and bones?}

^{The lower ribs are below the _____ region}

^{Sum of all CHEMICAL PROCESSES that keep our bodies alive and healthy. It is divided into 2 phases (parts): CATABOLISM & ANABOLISM:}

^{The central abdominal area is the _____ region.}

^{A _____ fracture occurred in the elbow area.}

^{The process of turning molecules that are ingested into forms that are compatible with the organism is _____.}

^{The force that water exerts on a system is referred to as the ________.}

^{a vertical line which divides the body into a left section and a right section.}

^{a vertical line which divides the body into a front (anterior) section and back (posterior) section.}

^{a horizontal line which divides the body into an upper (superior) section and a bottom (inferior) section. The plane divides the body into top and bottom.}

^{subunits that make up nucleic acids}

^{the chemical bond that links two amino acids by connecting the amino group of one amino acid to the acid group of another}

^{a lipid containing phosphate group}

^{a molecule made of many similar subunits}

a long chain of amino acids

^{one of two kinds of information-carrying nucleic acids found in cells; ribonucleic acid}

• ^{a class of lipids with a structure that is different from other lipids; cholesterol, testosterone, and estrogen are three well-known steroids}
• ^{SEX HORMONES}

^{compounds composed of a glycerol molecule with three fatty acids attached}

^{adenosine triphosphate; a nucleotide composed of an adenine base, a sugar, and three phosphate groups}

^{pairs of complementary nucleic acid bases; that is, A and T or C and G}

^{a polymer of nucleotides with the bases adenosine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine; deoxyribonucleic acid}

• ^{proteins that speed up specific biological reactions}
• ^{Enzymes may be damaged by high temperature. Enzymes have the ability to accelerate reactions as much as a billion-fold. Enzymes may use coenzymes derived from vitamins or cofactors from metallic elements.}

^{a hydrocarbon chain with a carboxylic acid group at one end.}

1. ^{the main form of sugar that circulates in the blood}
2. ^{elect which reactions will usually be irreversible regarding chemical equilibrium in human bodies}

1. ^{In a DNA molecule, guanine would connect to ________.}
2. ^{An increased rate of breathing as a result of an increased buildup of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream would be best described as an example of}

^{fatty molecules that dissolve poorly in water but dissolve well in a nonpolar solvent; fats and oils}

^{Apoptosis is programmed cell suicide; cancer cells do not undergo this process}

^{key information-carrying molecules in cells}

The coronal plane divides the body into _____ and _____ portions.

^{The plane divides the body into left and right portions.}

^{TOWARDS THE POINT OF REFERENCE}

The plane divides the body into front and back.

^{ORGANS FOUND IN THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY}

^DISTAL

^lateral

^{ORGANS FOUND IN THE PELVIC CAVITY}

^CORONAL

^SUPERFICIAL

^{What must happen before a cell can begin mitosis?}

^{The centrosomes move away from each other and the nuclear envelope breaks up during which phase of mitosis?}

^{The chromosomes line up in the center of the cell during which phase of mitosis?}

^{The sister chromatids separate and begin moving toward opposite poles of the cell during which phase of mitosis?}

^{The chromosomes arrive at the poles and nuclear envelopes form during which phase of mitosis?}

^{The spindle now can move into the center of the cell.
Kinetochores develop, which are linked to the chromosomes.}

^{The chemical symbol O=O means}

^{What does CH4 mean?}

• ^{Which vesicular transport process occurs primarily in some white blood cells and macrophages?}
• ^{Engulfment of small particles.}

^{An atom with a valence of 3 may have a total of ________ electrons.}

^{AB → A + B is an example of a(n) ________ reaction. Answer:}

^{Homogeneous, will not settle.}

^{Sucrose is a?}

• ^{________ is the division of the cytoplasmic mass into two parts.}
• ^{Answer: At the end of the mitotic (M) phase, the cytoplasm divides in a process called ________.}

1. ^{WATER IS?}
2. ^{The single most abundant chemical substance of the body, accounting for 60% to 80% of body weight, is}
3. ^{What is the single most abundant chemical substance in the body? Answer:}

^{Choose the anatomical topic and definition that is not correctly matched.}

^{Which of the following is an example of a suspension?}

^{In which quadrant of the abdominopelvic cavity is the stomach located?}

^eicosanoids

1. ^{Why must a normal body temperature be maintained in order for chemical reactions to be continued at life-sustaining rates?}

^{What major chemical is responsible for apoptosis?}

^{Energy that travels in waves. Part of the electromagnetic spectrum.}

^{Amino acids joining together to make a peptide is a good example of a(n) ______ reaction.}

^{molecule and compound}

^{A chemical bond is an energy relationship between outer electrons and neighboring atoms.}

^{Microtubules are hollow tubes made of subunits of the protein tubulin.}

^{In the compound H2CO3, what do the numbers 2 and 3 represent?}

^{The most common extracellular ion is ________. Answer:}

^{Which of the following is a function of a plasma membrane protein?}

^{A process by which large particles may be taken into the protection of the body by invaders like bacteria, or for disposing of old or dead cells is called phagocytosis}