Microbiology: Microbial Diseases of the Cardio & Lymph System Flashcards

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Microbiology
Chapter 23
updated 10 years ago by Ajh
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science, life sciences, biology, microbiology
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1

Lymph nodes contain:

  • Macrophages
  • B cells
  • T cells

2

Sepsis

systemic inflammatory response

3

Septicema

pathogens/toxins in blood

4

Severe sepsis

sepsis + decreased blood pressure

5

Septic shock

sepsis + uncontrollable decreased blood pressure

6

Lymphangitis

  • Inflammed lymph vessels
  • accompany septicemia & septic shock

7

gram-NEGATIVE sepsis (ENDOtoxins)

  • septic shock
  • ENDOTOXINS - decrease blood pressure
  • antibiotics can worsen

8

Treatment for gram-NEGATIVE sepsis

protein C (anti-coagulant)

9

gram-POSITIVE sepsis (EXOtoxins)

Nosocomial infections

  • antibiotic-resistant

10

nosocomial infections

  • S. aureus
  • S. pyogenes
  • S. agalactiae (group B strep)
  • E. faecalis

11

Puerperal Sepsis (Childbirth Fever)

S. pyogenes

12

Bacterial infections of the heart

  • Endocarditis
  • Subacute bacterial endocarditis
  • Acute bacterial endocarditis
  • Pericarditis

13

Endocarditis

(inner layer of heart)

Inflammation of the endocardium

14

Acute Bacterial Endocarditis

S. aureus

  • from mouth

15

Sub-acute Bacterial Endocarditis

Strep

  • from mouth

16

Pericarditis

Strep

17

Rheumatic fever is an autoimmune complication of

S. pyogenes infections (strep throat)

  • inflammed heart valves

18

Tularemia

"rabbit fever"

Francisella tularensis

  • zoonosis (rabbits/deer)

19

Tularemia is transmitted by:

deer fly (vector)

20

Brucellosis

"undulant fever"

Brucella

  • grow in phagocytes
  • fever spikes each evening

21

Brucellosis is transmitted via

milk or direct contact with infected animal

22

Brucellosis:

  • B. abortus

elk, bison, cows

23

Brucellosis:

  • B. suis

swine

24

Brucellosis:

  • B. melitensis

goats, sheep, camels

25

Anthrax

Bacillus anthracis

  • found in soil (aerobe)
  • cattle routinely vaccinated

26

Gastrointestinal (GI) anthrax

  • ingest bad food
  • 50% mortality

27

Inhalation (pulmonary) anthrax

  • inhale endospores
  • 100% mortality

28

Gas gangrene

Clostridium perfingens

  • grows in necrotic tissue

29

ischemia

loss of blood supply to tissue

30

Necrosis

death of tissue

31

Gangrene

death of soft tissue

32

Systemic Diseases caused by bites & scratches

  • Bacteroides
  • Bartonella henselae
  • Clostridium
  • Fusobacterium
  • Pasturella multocida

33

Bartonella henselae

Cat Scratch Disease

34

Vector- transmitted Diseases:

  • Reservoir: Rodents
  • Vector: Arthropods (tick, flea)
  • Plague
  • Relapsing fever
  • Lyme disease
  • Typhus

35

Plague

Yersinia pestis

36

Bubonic plague

bacterial growth in blood & lymph

37

Septicemia plague

septic shock

38

Pneumonic plague

bacteria in the lungs

39

Relapsing Fever

Borrelia

  • ticks

40

T/F: successive relapses are less severe in Relapsing Fever?

True

41

Lyme Disease

Borrelia burgdorferi

  • tick (vector)

42

Lyme Disease:

3 phases of symptoms

  1. Bull's-eye rash
  2. encephalitis, irregular heartbeat
  3. arthritis

43

Typhus

Rickettsia

  • obligate parasites

44

Epidemic Typhus

R. prowazekii

  • louse feces rub in wound

45

Endemic Murine Typhus

R. typhi

46

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

R. rickettsii

  • rash on PALMS & SOLES of hands & feet

47

Viral Diseases of the Cardio & Lymph System:

  • Burkitt's Lymphoma
  • Infectious Mono
  • CMV
  • Chikungunya Fever
  • Yellow Fever
  • Dengue
  • Marbug Fever
  • Ebola
  • Lassa Fever
  • Hanta Pulmonary Syndrome

48

What 2 viruses are caused by the EB virus (HHV-4)

  • Burkitt's Lymphoma
  • Mono

49

Burkitt's Lymphoma

Epstein-Barr (EB) virus (HHV-4)

  • nasopharyngeal cancer
  • cancer in patients with Malaria or AIDS

50

Burkitt's Lymphoma cancer in immuno-suppressed patients with:

  • AIDS
  • Malaria

51

Mononucleosis (Mono)

Epstein-Barr (EB) virus (HHV-4)

  • transmitted via saliva

52

Cytomegalovirus - CMV

HHV-5

  • cells swell (WBC)

53

What are ways Cytomegalovirus is transmitted

  • across the placenta (causes mental retardation)
  • sex
  • blood
  • transplanted tissue

54

VIRAL Hemorrhagic Fevers:

  • Yellow
  • Dengue
  • Marburg
  • Ebola
  • Lassa
  • Argentine & Bolivian
  • Hantavirus

55

Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers:

Yellow Fever & Dengue

Abroviruses

  • transmitted via arthropods

56

Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers:

Marburg, Ebola, Lassa, Argentine, Bolivian, Whitewater Arroyo:

Filovirus & Arenavirus

  • contact w/ blood

57

Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers:

Hantavirus

Bunyavirus

  • inhalation of rodent excretions

58

Protozoan Diseases of the Cardio & Lymph System:

  • Chaga's Disease
  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Malaria

59

Chaga's Disease (American Trypanosomiasis)

T. cruzi

  • kissing bug

60

Toxoplasmosis

T. gondii

61

Toxoplasmosis is transmitted by

  • bad food
  • contact w/ cat feces

62

Congenital infection of Toxoplasmosis

  • stillbirth
  • neurological damage

63

Malaria

Plasmodium (protozoa parasite)

  • P. vivax
  • P.ovale
  • P. malariae
  • P. falciparum

64

Plasmodium - 4 forms

(malaria)

  • P. vivax
  • P.ovale
  • P. malariae
  • P. falciparum

65

The host & vector of Malaria

Anopheles MOSQUITO

*control with bed nets

66

Prevention (prophylaxis) of Malaria

  • Chloroquine
  • Malarone
  • Mefloquine

67

Treatment for Malaria

Artemisin

68

Bacterial Biological Weapons

  • Bacillus
  • Brucella
  • Chlaymdia
  • Clostridium
  • Francisella
  • Rickettsia
  • Shigella
  • Vibrio
  • Yersinia

69

Viral Biological Weapons

  • Polio
  • Measles
  • Encephalitis
  • Hemorrhagic fevers
  • Influenza A
  • Monkeypox
  • Niphrah
  • Smallpox
  • Yellow Fever