ch.3 test material for exam 1 Flashcards

_____________ cells are thin, flat, and often have a bulge where the nucleus is.

Which structure increases cell surface area?

The glycolipids and glycoproteins function to

A)increase cell surface area

.B)provide structural support to the cell.

C)confer each cell's unique identity or fingerprint.

D)increase membrane fluidity.

which of the following structures is most closely related to moving particulate matter along the surface of epithelium?

A)flagella

B)cilia

C)microvilli

D)brush border

The larger particles do not move across the membrane because

A)the concentration gradient is too small

.B)the concentration gradient is too large.

C)the membrane is impermeable

.D)the membrane is selectively permeable.

Factors that affect the rate of diffusion through a membrane include

A)molecular weight of particle

.B)concentration gradient

.C)membrane permeability

.D)All of the above.

Which tonicity describes a solution that has a lower concentration of nonpermeating solutes than the intracellular fluid?

A)hypertonic

B)hypotonic

C)isotonic

D)heterotonic

Which of the following organelles can be compared to a power-house because it supplies the cell with energy?

A)Golgi complex

B)nucleus

C)mitochondria

D)chloroplast

The nucleus of the cell

A)is the site of RNA synthesis.

B)is the largest organelle in eukaryotes

.C)has a double membrane

.D)All of the above.

Endoplasmic reticulum can be smooth or rough. The rough endoplasmic reticulum is different from the smooth because it has _____ embedded in it.

A)ribosomes

B)lysosomes

C)peroxisomes

D)chromatin

What size (in diameter) are most human cells?

A)10-15 nm

B)10-15 µm

C)0.1 mm

D)10-15 Angstroms

Pasteur provided experiments that disproved which of the following ideas:

A)the cell theory.

B)evolution.

C)every cell from a cell.

D)spontaneous generation.

E)fluid-mosaic model.

Membrane phospholipids arrange themselves with their hydrophilic ends toward the _________ of the membrane and their hydrophobic ends toward the ________ of the membrane.

A)external face; internal face

B)internal face; external face

C)surface; center

D)center; surface

A protein that adheres to the intracellular face of the plasma membrane is called a(n)

G proteins

A)are peripheral proteins.

B)are activated by surface receptors.

C)relay hormone and neurotransmitter stimuli to secondary messengers.

D)All of the above.

Microvilli are characterized by all of the following except

A)they appear as a brush border.

B)their primary function is absorption

.C)they have a chloride pump

.D)they increase the surface area of a cell.

In cystic fibrosis, the cilia become embedded in sticky mucus due to a malfunction of the

A)chloride pump

.B)power stroke.

C)recovery stroke.

D)mucous glands.

Membrane proteins that aid in communications from other cells are

________________ increase a cell's external surface area and are found on intestinal cells.

When blood pressure in capillaries forces water and dissolved solutes out into the tissue fluid, this is called

The hydrostatic pressure required to stop osmosis is known as

Blood cells in a hypotonic solution will

A)burst (hemolysis).

B)shrink (crenation).

C)stay the same size.

D)plasmolyze.

The Na⁺ K⁺ pump is associated with

A)active transport.

B)resting membrane potential.

C)antiporters and symporters.

D)All of the above.

Insulin is removed from the bloodstream by the endothelial cells by which of the following methods?

A)receptor-mediated endocytosis

B)fluid phase pinocytosis

C)endocytosis

D)exocytosis

Where the extracellular fluid is more highly concentrated than the intracellular fluid, we may say it is

By what method can the intestinal cells absorb sodium ions if they are in higher concentration inside the cell?