One division consisting of prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
mitosis
Produces haploid cells.
meiosis
Produces cells for growth and tissue repair
mitosis
Occurs in two stages
meiosis
Forms tetrads.
meiosis
Produces four daughter cells.
meiosis
Human papillomavirus
genital warts
Treponema pallidum.
syphilis
Urethritis in males.
gonorrhea
Human herpes virus type 2
genital herpes
Organism responsible for up to half of the diagnosed cases of pelvic inflammatory disease.
chlamydia
The dartos and cremaster muscles are important to the integrity of the male reproductive system. Which of the following is true about the role they play?
they regulate the temperature of the testes
The ability of sperm cells to move along the ductus deferens is due to ________.
peristaltic contractions
The ability of a male to ejaculate is due to the action of ________.
the bulbospongiosus muscles
The most important risk for testicular cancer in young males is ________.
undescended testes
Which of the following glands are responsible for 70% of the synthesis of semen?
the seminal vesicles
Which of the following hormones controls the release of anterior pituitary gonadotropins?
GnRH
The "master switch" for male reproductive development is ________.
the SRY gene
The primary function of the uterus is to ________.
receive, retrain, and nourish a fertilized ovum
Why is the blood-testis barrier important?
because spermatozoa and developing cells produce surface antigens that are recognized as foreign by the immune system
The structures that receive the ovulated oocyte, providing a site for fertilization, are called the ________.
fallopian tubes
If gametes were diploid like somatic cells, how many chromosomes would the zygote contain?
twice the diploid number, and with every succeeding generation, the chromosome number would continue to double and normal development could not occur
Human egg and sperm are similar in that ________.
they have the same number of chromosomes
The constancy of the chromosome number from one cell generation to the next is maintained through ________.
meiosis
Fertilization generally occurs in the _______
fallopian tubes
Spermiogenesis involves the ________.
formation of a functional sperm by the stripping away of superfluous cytoplasm
Which of the following female structures is homologous to the male scrotum?
labia majora
In humans, separation of the cells at the two-cell state following fertilization may lead to the production of twins, which in this case would be ________.
identical
How do the testes respond to exposure to excessive body warmth?
They move away from the pelvic cavity
Effects of estrogen include ________.
growth of the breasts at puberty
Secretion of progesterone stimulates ________.
preparation of the mammary glands for lactation
Which of the following statements about sperm is not true?
The sperm midpiece consists of mitochondria spiraled tightly around the contractile filaments of the tail.
The cells that produce testosterone in the testis are called ________.
interstitial endocrine cells
The testicular cells that construct the blood-testis barrier are the ________.
sustentocytes
Which of the following occurs as a result of undescended testes?
Inadequate or nonviable sperm will be produced.
Erection of the penis results from ________.
a parasympathetic reflex
Which is not a part of the proliferative phase of the female menstrual cycle?
corpus luteum
Which of the choices below is not a function of the vagina?
serves as a passageway for the primary oocyte
Select the correct statement about male sexual response.
Erection is the result of vascular spaces in the erectile tissues filling with blood
Which of the choices below is not a function of testosterone?
stimulates mammary gland development
Which male hormone inhibits the secretion of FSH?
inhibin
During the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle ________.
progesterone levels are at their highest
Select the correct statement about the uterine cycle.
If fertilization occurs, the corpus luteum is maintained by a hormone secreted by the developing embryo.
Which of the choices below is not a part of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis?
thalamus
Which of the following statements is true concerning the mammary glands of both males and females?
The mammary glands are modified sweat glands that are actually part of the integumentary system.
Normally menstruation occurs when ________.
blood levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease
The basic difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis is that ________.
in oogenesis, one mature ovum is produced, and in spermatogenesis four mature sperm are produced from the parent cell
Occasionally three polar bodies are found clinging to the mature ovum. One came from an unequal division of the ovum, but from where did the other two arise?
The first polar body has also divided to produce two polar bodies.
Which of the following will occur after ovulation?
The endometrium enters its secretory phase.
Why doesn't semen enter the urinary bladder during ejaculation?
The smooth muscle sphincter at the base of the urinary bladder closes.
Why doesn't semen enter the urinary bladder during ejaculation?
involves a kind of cell division limited to the gametes
Which hormone is absolutely necessary for ovulation to occur?
LH
The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis ________.
involves FSH and LH release
Select the correct statement about testosterone control.
GnRH from the hypothalamus causes FSH and LH release from the anterior pituitary.
Which of the following is a correct statement about uterine tubes?
The infundibulum is the funnel-shaped region near the ovary.
Select the correct statement about the hormonal events of the ovarian cycle.
High estrogen levels result in a surge of LH release.
Which of these statements about sexually transmitted infections is false?
Syphilis is caused by a virus that may lead to death if untreated.
Which of the following statements about spermatogenesis is not true?
Each spermatid forms two sperm.
A boy who has not passed through puberty sustains an injury to his anterior pituitary such that FSH is no longer released, but LH is normal. After he grows to maturity, one would expect that he would ________.
be unable to produce viable sperm
Which of the following statements about the female reproductive process is not true?
Rebuilding the endometrium is under the control of prolactin
A low secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the normal male adult would cause ________.
decreased testosterone secretion
) All of the following statements referring to the uterine cycle are true except ________.
FSH and LH directly promote development of the uterine endometrium
Which of the following phases or processes in the monthly reproductive cycle of the female occur simultaneously?
regression of the corpus luteum and a decrease in ovarian progesterone secretion
The duct system of the male reproductive system includes all but which of the following?
corpus spongiosum
Prostate cancer is ________.
sometimes a slow-growing cancer that may never represent a threat to the patient
The ______ plexus of testicular veins assists in cooling the testis.
pampiniform
Surgical cutting of the ductus deferens as a form of birth control is called a?
vasectomy
The erectile tissue around the urethra is the corpus ________
spongiosum
The midpiece of the sperm tail contains mostly _____.
mitochondria
The _____ of the testis nourish the newly formed sperm cells.
sustenocytes
A suspensory ligament and mesovarium are part of the ____ ligament.
broad
A follicle with only a small antrum in it would be classified as a ______ follicle.
secondary
The portion of the uterine endometrium that is not sloughed off every month is called the ______.
stratum basalis
Treponema palledium causes the sexually transmitted disease called _____.
syphilis