Human anatomy and physiology: Respiratory System Flashcards


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Respiratory Study Guide Review Notecards
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12th grade
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anatomy, physiology, science, human anatomy, human physiology, life sciences, human anatomy & physiology, anatomy & physiology
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1

The pharynx is the cavity behind the mouth extending from the ______ _______ to the ______.

nasal cavity, larynx

2

The portion of the larnyx concerned with preventing foreign objects from entering the trachea are the

epiglottis

3

The smallest of the branchial tree are the _________ __________.

terminal bronchioles

4

Expansion of the lungs during inspiration is assisted by the surface tension of fluid in the ________ cavity.

pleural

5

The pressure in the thoracic cavity during inspiration is

less than atmospheric pressure

6

Normal breathing is controlled by the respiratory center located in the ______ ______.

brain stem

7

The strongest stimulus to increase respiratory rate and depth is to increase the blood concentration of _______ ________.

carbon dioxide

8

The rate at which a gas diffuses from one area to another is determined by differences in _______ in the two areas.

pressures

9

The pressure of each gas within a mixture is known as its _______ _______.

parietal pressure

10

Oxygen is transported to cells by combining with _________.

hemoglobin

11

The largest amount of carbon dioxide is transported

as bicarbonate

12

The trachea is prevented from collapsing by the presence of ________ _______ that are C-shaped.

adventita tissue

13

The right lung has _______ lobes and the left lung has ______ lobes.

three, two

14

food convert to ATP

cellular respiration

15

internal nose to pharynx

internal nares

16

separate nasal cavities

nasal septum

17

sense of smell

olfactory stimuli

18

another name for auditory tubes

eustachian tubes

19

passage for food and air

oropharynx

20

single piece in the larynx

cricoid cartilage

21

Adam's apple

thyroid cartilage

22

leaf shaped cartilage

epiglottis

23

paired, cone-shaped

corniculate cartilage

24

false vocal cords

vestibular folds

25

true vocal cords

vocal folds

26

primary bronchi divide into

lobar bronchi

27

segmental bronchi

tertiary bronchi

28

enclose and protect the lungs

pleural membrane

29

space between the membranes

pleural cavity

30

gases diffuse through it

respiratory membrane

31

exchange gas between blood cells

internal respiration

32

cavities inside the nostrils

vestibules

33

affects the secretion cells of the lungs

cystic fibrosis

34

The pleural membrane covering the wall of the cavity is the _______, and the membrane covering the lungs is the is the _________.

parietal, visceral

35

The air sacs where gas exchange takes place are the _________.

alveoli

36

Movement of air between the atmosphere and the lungs is called

ventilation

37

Internal respiration is the exchange of gases between the blood and

cells

38

________ _________ affects the secretory cells of the lungs

cystic fibrosis

39

any infection in the lungs is known as __________

pneumonia

40

whooping cough is also known as

pertussis

41

the disease caused by excessive exposure to asbestos, silica, or coal dust is

pulmonary fibrosis

42

bronchitis causes a swelling of the

bronchial membrane

43

a gas that interferes with oxygen transport by forming a stable bond with hemoglobin is

carbon monoxide

44

There are two systems responsible for supplying oxygen and eliminating carbon dioxide; they are the ________ and the _______ systems.

circulatory, respiratory

45

the bridge of the nose is formed by the _______ bones

nasal

46

the underside of the external nose has two openings called

nostrils

47

posteriorly, the internal nose connects with the

pharynx

48

the nasal septum divides the left and right

nasal cavities

49

the interior structures of the nose have _______ functions

three

50

olfactory receptors are located in the membrane of the _______ meatus

inferior

51

the adenoid tonsils are located in the posterior wall of the

nasopharynx

52

the opening of the oropharynx is called the

fauces

53

the voice box is the

larynx

54

the epiglottis forms a lid over the

glottis (laryngeal inlet)

55

the false vocal cords are the

vestibular folds

56

the paired rod shaped cartilage structures of the larynx are the

cuneiform

57

the goblet cells of the trachea produce

mucus

58

there are 16 to 20 incomplete rings of ________ cartilage in the trachea

hyaline

59

cone shaped cartilage

corniculate

60

alveolar ducts

atria

61

many small compartments

lobules

62

breathing muscle

diaphragm

63

segmental bronchi

tertiary

64

lung infection

pneumonia

65

prevents collapse of alveoli

surfactant

66

tubes from the trachea to the lungs

bronchi

67

destruction of alveoli walls

emphysema

68

anterior nasal cavities

vestibules

69

cartilages of the larynx

cricoid

70

pharynx

throat

71

air sacs

alveoli

72

space between vocal cords

glottis

73

exchange of gases

inspiration

74

external nares

nostrils

75

windpipe

trachea

76

pleuritis

pleurisy

77

ladle-shaped cartilage

arytenoid

78

whooping cough

pertussis