Human Anatomy & Physiology: Chapter 4 Epithelial Tissue Flashcards

True or False
Epithelial Tissue is also called an Epithelium, or plural Epithelia.

Epithelial tissue is a sheet of cells that _________ a body surface, or __________ a body cavity.

The 2 forms of epithelial tissue that occur in the human body are...?

The Covering and lining epithelium does NOT do which of the following:
A. Forms the outer layer of the skin
B. Dips into, and lines, the open cavities of the urogenital, digestive, and respiratory systems.
C. Covers the walls and organs of the closed ventral body cavity.
D. Fashions the glands of the body.

Which form fashions the glands of the body?

___________ form boundaries between different environments.

True or False
Nearly all substances received by the body must pass through an epithelium.

What are the 6 primary functions epithelium accomplishes?

What are the 5 distinguishing characteristics of epithelium?

-Polarity-
True or False
All epithelia have an apical surface and a basal surface.

-Polarity-
Match the term with the descriptions.

1. Apical Surface

2. Basal Surface

A. Upper
B. Lower
C. Attached
D. Free Surface
E. Exposed to body exterior or body cavity

-Polarity-
True or False
Epithelia exhibit apical-basal polarity

Finger-like extensions of the plasma membrane are called __________. It increases the cells surface area.

-Polarity-

Some Microvilli are so dense that the cells have a "fuzzy" appearance called a ___________.

________ are tiny hairlike projections that propel substances along their free surface (apical surface.)

-Polarity-

The ____________ is a thin, supporting, adhesive sheet, adjacent to the basal surface.

-Polarity-

What determines which molecules are allowed to enter the epithelium?

-Polarity-

What is the scaffolding that epithelial cells can use to migrate to repair a wound?

-Polarity-

-Specialized Contacts-
Lateral contacts, including _______________ and __________, bind adjacent cells together at many points.

-Specialized Contacts-
The Tight Junctions help keep proteins in the __________ region from diffusing into the __________ region. This maintains the polarity.

-Supported by connective tissues-
Just under the basal lamina is the _______________.

Basal Lamina + Reticular Lamina = _________________

What reinforces the epithelial sheet, helps resist stretching and tearing, and defines the epithelial boundary.

True or False
Cancerous cells cannot penetrate the basement membrane, which protects important tissues underneath.

What does Avascular mean?

If something is supplied by nerve fibers, it is _________.

How do epithelial cells get nourished?

True or False
Epithelium has a low regeneration capacity

Why is it important that Epithelium can regenerate rapidly?

Each epithelia has 2 names. The first name indicates the number of _____________, the second describes the _________ of the cell.

Based on the number of cell layers, there are __________ and ____________ epithelia.

Simple has ________ cell layer.
Stratified has ______________ cell layers.

Based on the shape, there are 3, which are ____________, ____________, and ____________ cells.

Match.
1. Flattened
2. Boxlike
3. Tall and column shaped

A. Columnar
B. Squamous
C. Cuboidal

The shape of the ___________ conforms to the shape of the cell

True or False
Simple epithelia are good at absorption, secretion, and filtration. But are no good at protection

2 simple squamous epithelia in the body have special names that reflect their location, they are...

The inner covering is the ____________.
The middle covering is the ____________.

What is the Epithelium that gives the impression of being multi-layered.

What epithelium forms the external part of the skin, and extends into body openings continuous with the skin.

The epidermis is ____________, meaning its surface cells contains __________, a tough protective protein.

__________ epithelium has the ability to stretch and change shape. Like in the bladder, it stretches to hold more urine.

__________ consist of one or more cells that make and secrete a particular product.

The water-based fluid produced from the glands are called ____________.

True or False
The term "secretion" can refer to both the gland's product, and the process of making and releasing the product.

Glands are classified by these 2 traits:

endocrine = secreting __________
exocrine = secreting __________

unicellular = __________ cell.
Multicellular = ____________ cells.

Endocrine glands eventually lose their ducts, so they are called ____________ glands

Endocrine glands produce ___________, or messenger chemicals.

Exocrine glands secrete onto the body's __________, or into body ____________.

mucous cells and goblet cells are _____________, or single celled.

All unicellular exocrine glands produce __________.

True or False
Mucin is a lipid that does not dissolve in water when secreted.

A __________ cell looks like a glass with a stem, because mucin accumulates and distends the top of the cell.

Multicellular exocrine glands have 2 basic parts, a ______ and a ______.

What surrounds the secretory unit and supplies it with blood vessels and nerve fibers?

A __________ capsule extends into the multicellular exocrine gland and divides it into ________.

How do you classify multicellular exocrine glands?
A. ______________
B. ______________

Based on their duct structure, mulitcellular exocrine glands can either be SIMPLE with an __________ duct, or COMPLEX with a ________ duct.

based on their secretory units, you would classify the multicellular exocrine glands 3 ways...
1.
2.
3.

if the secretory cells form tubes they are _______?

if small flask-like cells are formed, the are ________?

if both are formed, they are called _____________?

__________ is another term for alveolar, it means berry-like.

Multicellular exocrine glands secrete in different ways, so they function as __________, __________, or __________ glands.

__________ secrete as its being produced.
__________ holds on to the secretion until it explodes.

multicellular exocrine glands are classified according to duct type (__________ or __________) and by the structure of their secretory units (__________, __________, or __________)