zoo 13 arthropoda Flashcards

fused segments into functional groups

hard outer covering that protects, supports, and gives shape to insects

- shed to grow larger

primary structural material of the exoskeleton

molting to increase in size

the hormone that controls molting --> ecdysis

one branch, two branches

air piped directly to cells

holes that open the tracheae to the outside --> directly supply O2 to muscles

complex nervous system, compound eyes, complete digestive, sensory organs, complex behavior patterns (mating)

feeding role changes at each stage

- young and adult stages not competing for same resources

plates that come together

in the clade Mandibulata: myripoda, hexapoda, crustacea

first pair of pre-oral appendages (spiders) --> function as fangs

second pair of appendages (spiders)

- where males store sperm packets to transfer to female

dorsal shield - hard protective shell

the tailpiece

4 pairs of walking legs

the walking legs of males that carry egg masses

the head and thorax region fused together

parallel air pockets that extend into a blood-filled chamber

air tubes that carry air from spiracles directly to tissue

drain waste into intestine

reabsorb potassium and water

carried by black widow that acts on the nervous system

brown recluse that destroys blood tissue --> necrosis

forward region that carry the mouth parts

mouthparts by mandibles used to taste hold, and manipulate food

centipedes

predators, each segment contains one pair of legs, flattened, ocelli, first segment are venom claws

millipedes

cylindrical bodies --> round, 4 thoratic segments=1pair of legs, abdominal segments 2 pair of legs, herbivorous

first 3 pair of thoracic appendages that handle food --> crayfish

first pair of walking legs with strong claw -> crayfish

Big claw for defense --> crayfish

abdominal appendages that retain biramous conditions

first pair of swimmerets in male used in copulation

last pair of appendages used for backwards movements and protection for eggs or young swimmerets

how the epidermis produces body color

stimulate expression of male characteristics

in male malacostracans (shrimp, crab, lobster)

larger crustaceans use featherlike gills for gas exchange, overlapping carapace protects these chambers

protects the respiratory system

paired glands located in the head process waste

--> called green glands in decapods

consists of retinal cells, may have a lens

many small units that make up the compound eye

larval form with unsegmented body, frontal eye, 3 pair of appendages

infection from tongue worms that are ingested by uncooked meat --> cause difficulty breathing --> cough out

compound eyes, pair of antennae, 3 ocelli,

Mouthparts: mandibles, maxillae

prothorax, mesothorax, and metathorax

legs on each segment

wings on mesothorax and metathorax

muscular legs for grasshoppers & crickets to jump

does most of the absorption

stomach, gastric ceca

used for grinding up food

feed on plant juices

mouthpart determine feeding (chewing or sucking)

feed on dead animals

feed and kill live animals

feed on and then kill host

parasite of a parasite

distributes hormones and nutrients within an open circulatory system of the tubular heart

fast O2 and CO2 exchange, little water loss

complete metamorphosis

larva --> pupa --> adult

incomplete metamorphosis

resemble adults grow by molting

stages between molts

period of prolonged dormancy, often due to climate changes or seasons

feathery antennae on males