the control center of the neuron and contains the nucleus is known as what?
the cell body (AKA- soma)
dendrites
receive signals from other neurons and conduct the information to the cell body. some neurons have only one dendrite; others have thousands
carries nerve signals away from the body, is longer than the dendrites and contains few branches.
Axons
Neurons
sensory (afferent)
detect stimuli- such as touch, pressure, heat, cold, or chemicals- and then transmit information about the stimuli to the CNS
neurons
interneurons
found only in the CNS, connect the incoming sensory pathways besides receiving, processing, and storing information. the connections made by these neurons make each of us unique in how we think, feel, and act
neurons
motor neurons (efferent)
relay messages from the brain (which the brain emits in response to stimuli) to the muscle or glands cells
cerebrum
the largest portion of the brain, its surface is marked by thick ridges called GYRL ( SINGULAR; GYRUS) shallow grooves called sulci divide the gyri. deep sulci are called fissures
diencephalon
sits between the cerebrum and the midbrain
cerebellum
the second largest region of the brain
brainstem
makes up the rest of the brain. it consists of three structures
-midbrain
-pons
-medulla oblongata
frontal lobe
contains the motor areas that generate impulses that bring about voluntary movement
temporal lobe
contains sensory areas for hearing and olfaction (smell)
partial lobe
receives, perceives, and interprets the somatic senses and taste
occipital lobe
contains the visual areas that receive and interpret sight
basic neurological assessment
- level of consciousness
- vital signs
- pupil response to light
- extremity strength and movement
- sensation
lumbar puncture
POST care
- maintain flat bedrest 6-8 hours as ordered by health-care provider
- encourage fluids
- monitor puncture site
- monitor movement, sensation, and presence of headache
computed tomography (CT) Scan
pre care
- administer contrast dye if ordered (check allergies, check BUN/CR)
- request order for sedation if indicated
computed tomography (CT) scan
post care
encourage fluids if contrast dye used
computed tomography (CT) scan
teach
- contrast dye may cause feeling of warmth
- signs and symptoms of allergic reaction to report
pre care
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- assure no pacemaker or metal on patient
- administer analgesic or sedative as ordered
- teach relaxation
post care
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
NO SPECIAL CARE
Angiogram
post Care
- keep flat in bed 4-6 hours
- keep pressure (sandbag) on site for 3-6 hours
- monitor: vital signs, catheter insertion site, check pulses
- encourage fluids
myelogram
pre care
- check allergies to contrast and shellfish
- assess history of seizures
- verify informed consent
myelogram
post care
- similar to lumbar puncture
- encourage fluids
- head to bed elevated 30 degrees
electroencephalogram
POST care
wash hair