An instrument's ability to establish the actual value of a process variable being measured is called?
Accuracy
The ability of an instrument to repeatedly obtain the same outcome is called?
Precision
What does a totalizer (integrator) measure?
The cumulative/total flow or process variable
Velocity sensing devices measure rate of flow by sensing?
Rate of Rotation
What does a flow meter measure?
Rate of Flow at a given time
What meter is widely used in water treatment because of its accuracy?
Venturi Meter
How does a Venturi meter measure flow rate?
Differential pressure
A device used to measure the flow rate of gases and liquids is?
Rotameter
What is the most accurate method to feed chemicals?
Electronically Controlled Feeders
What indicates that the silica gel in a desiccator is spent?
Changes color to pink
The readout of an instrument by a pointer is called?
Analog
What do you call a device that controls starting, stopping, or operation of a piece of equipment?
Controller
The readout of an instrument by a direct, numerical reading of the measured value is called?
Digital reading
What is the most common type of level controller found in water systems?
Ball Floats
What is computer hardware?
The computer devices that run the computer
What is software?
Computer programs installed on computer hardware
A meter should never be installed directly in front of a pump because?
Turbulence will cause inaccurate readings
Remote monitoring of plant and distribution processes is called?
SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition)
What do the letters TD mean on a graduated cylinder?
To Deliver
What do the letters TC mean on a graduated cylinder?
To Contain
What is the most accurate lab equipment to deliver a 100 mL sample?
Dissolved oxygen (DO) is measured by a portable dissolved oxygen meter or chemically by the _______ method?
Winkler Method
Flow meters in a water plant must be calibrated how frequently?
Once every 2 years
A sample being analyzed for pH must be first measured for?
Temperature
How often should a pH meter be calibrated?
At least once a day
What drying oven temperature is used to determine TDS?
180°C
What is a buret used for?
Ans. Titration
Ans. Accurately deliver a sample
What temperature is used in a muffle furnace to determine volatile solids?
550 C
What is a meniscus?
The curved (bevel) surface of a column of liquid in a small tube or cylinder
How do you read the meniscus?
Ans. For water, the bottom of the curve/bevel
Ans. For mercury,
the top of the curve/bevel
Never add _____ to acid
Water
What is the oven temperature used for drying suspended solids?
103-105°C
A representative portion of a sample is called?
Aliquot
What is the holding time for Coliform samples?
6 hours (test must be completed within 30 hours of sampling)
What is the holding time for Turbidity samples?
48 hours
What is the holding time for THM samples?
14 days
What is the holding time for iron samples?
Ans. 48 hours if not acidified
Ans. 6 months if acidified
What is the best method to analyze iron samples?
Ans. Atomic Absorption
What preservative is added to iron samples?
Nitric Acid
What is the simplest test to determine if water is hard^?
Soap
What does it indicate if all the samples in a MPN test have gas?
Test is invalid
What broth is used in the membrane Filtration coliform Test?
M-Endo broth
How long do coliform tests run?
24 hours
What broth is used for the fecal coliform test?
E-coli broth
What is the incubation period and temperature for the fecal coliform test?
24 hours plus or minus 2 hours; 44.5°C
What analysis uses green bile broth?
Confirmed MPN test
What analysis uses lauryl triptose or lactose as a medium?
Presumptive MPN test
What is the incubation period and temperature for the total coliform test?
24 hours plus or minus 2 hours; 35°C
What test uses a petri dish?
Membrane Filtration Coliform test
What is the minimum amount of sample needed for a coliform test?
100 mL
Which test measures both fecal and tol coliform at the same tiem?
Colilert test
The Presence or Absence Test measures which parameter?
Total Coliform
What is the holding time for Color?
48 hours
What is the holding time for pH and/or Chlorine?
Immediately
What is the holding time for odor testing?
6 hours
What is the holding time for Dissolved Oxygen (DO) testing?
Immediately
What instrument measures the disinfectant potential or effectiveness of chlorine?
ORP Probe
The greatest errors in laboratory analysis are caused by?
Improper sampling and poor mixing
For laboratory analysis to have any significance, the sample must be?
Representative
What analysis uses DPD as a reagent?
Chlorine Residual
Chemicals symbols are used as short hand for the names of?
Elements
A substance composed of two or more different elements and whose composition is constant is called?
Compound sample.
To reduce or eliminate errors in test results that can be caused when the dilution water used in the analysis is contaminated, the laboratory uses a _______ sample
Blank
The most accurate method for measuring chlorine residual is the?
Amperometric Test
What is the action level for lead?
0.015 mg/L
What is the action level for copper?
1.3 mg/L
How often must a water system split fluoride samples with HRS Dental Office?
Once a month
What is the SMCL for sulfate?
250 mg/L
Sulfates in water are a concern because?
Ans. They have a laxative effect
Ans. Cause scaling
What is the SMCL for chlorides?
250 mg/L
A WTP must keep bacteriological records for how long?
5 years
For how long must a WTP keep MORS?
10 years
What is a tier 1 violation?
Exceeds MCL for health Hazard; Requires customer notification
The MOR must be mailed (Electronic or sanil mail) by what date?
10 days following the end of the operating month
The MOR must be sent where?
County HRS Office
Which Primary Standards are IDLH?
Nitrites and Bacteria
What is the minimum PSI allowed in the distribution system?
20 PSI
If a water system pressure goes below 20 psi, what actiuon is needed?
Boil water notice
What is the SMCL for color?
15 Color Units
What is the SMCL for TDS?
500 mg/L
Specific conductance is indirect measure of what parameter?
TDS
The TDS represents what percentage of the specific conductance reading?
About 70%
Which samples are taken in the home of a customer?
Lead and Copper
Lead in drinking water can cause what health hazard?
Brain Damage
Copper in drinking water causes what health problem?
Wilson's disease
Lead and copper samples are called?
First draw samples (Taken at kitchen bathroom tap after nonuse for at least 6 hours)
What does it indicate if the 90 percentile lead or copper analysis exceeds the action level?
Water system is in violation and must take remedial action
How often are lead and copper samples taken?
Every six months
What steps may be taken if a water system violates action level for lead and copper?
Ans. PH adjustment
Ans. Public notice and education
Ans.
Addition of polyphosphate prior to filtration